US1517628A - Steam boiler - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 2p 1924.. LVGZ D. S. JACOBUS l STEAM BOILER Original Filed Nov. 4, 1915 2 Sheets-Sheer l INVENTR.,

Trama/s.

Dec. 2, 1924., '1,517,628

D. S. JACOBUS STEAM BOIL'ER Original Filed Nov. 4, `1915 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dee.. 2, ltiffl.

Fries.

DAVID S. JACOBUS, F JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, SSIGNOR. T0 THE BABCOCK @n WILCGX COMPANY, 0F BAYONNE, NEW' JERSEY, A CORPORATION' 0F NEW JERSEY.

STEAM. BOXLER.

@riginal application filed Novemberxl, 1915, Serial No. 59,503. Divided and this application filed June To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, DAVID S. JAoonUs, n citizen of the United States, residing at Jersey City, in the county of Hudson und Stute i of New Jersey, have invented n new und use ful Improvement in Steam Boilers, of which the following yis :i full, clear, und exact dcscription, reference being,` had to the :ic-coin punying drawings, forming part of this specification. My invention relates to steam boilers oi the water tube type. v

Une of the objects of my invention is the provision of :i furnace having un undcrfeed 5 Stoker andl an upwardly,increasing flow uren inclined writer tubes being located above thi furnace chamber, whereby the gases im thoroughly mingled before contacting with the water tubes.

@ther objects of my invention will appesi in the specification, und will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

My present application is n division of my prior application Serial tio. 59,503 which es filed in the United States Patent Olice on or about Noven'iber d, 1915, Potent No. 1,365,321, issued January ll, 192i.

In the drawings, Figure l is u sectional side elevation showing u Babcock t Viilcox boiler und underfeed Stoker constructed in accordance with my invention, ond Fig. 2 is a. sectional front view, with ports broken uwny of two boilers in u buttery setting, the section being on the line f2 2 of l.

ln these drawings, 2` represents the underfeed stoker, which muy be of any usunl com- 'mercinl type, and is preferably set further beneath the boiler then in ordinary practice.

The front and reni: wells l und d of the furnace diverge upwardly, euch preferably being inclined upwurdly und outwardly on the inner feces es illustrated sind the outer fece of the ,front woll being' inclined outwardly also, the inclined portion of the front wall being supported on n. member 3L located at the front thereof., The front wall leans against an exterior support, such nsthe boiler casing, es shown. This construction of the front und rear walls avoids the tendency which vertical walls in such structures heretofore hed of leaning or bulging inwardly during use. Furthermore, this arrangement of the front and reni' walls increases the mingling effect of the gases und promotes the Serial No. 302,728.

combustion thereof, will be more fully hereinafter explained. By mchmngl the front wull us described, the coal supply `hopl,

7. rlhc frontends of these side boxes are nippled to the front cross-box 8, extendingacross the front of the furnace chamber above the grate, and from the box 8 the wntcr flows upward through :i number of tubes 9 into the lower part of the front boiler headers lll.

The reur cross-weter-box ll is preferably lo utcd below the level of the frontcross-box Send et the rear of the dumping plate 2a of the Stoker, und is partially imbedded in the reni' furnace wall, this bonr being connected by pipes l2 extending through this woll and up to 'the boiler mud drum '7. From this rezir wetersbox 11 the witter flows upwardly through 'the pipe 13, which is 'curved up werdly und forwardly et 'the side of the furn'ice, into the lower port of the front boiler headers l0.

lt will be noted that the downtoke :1nd inlet waiter pipes for the furnace water-boXes ure located in u relatively cool portion of the setting, whereas the uptake water pipes for these boxes ure subjected to the radiant heut f the. l 'e und to the hot furnace grises, thus cnusing nn efficient circulation through these bones. instead `of connecting the pipes 6 and il to thc mud drum they muy be connected to the lowerinost portion ofthe rear headers 14 ofthe boiler if desired. s

Blow-oil connections 16 are provided for vblowing out any mudwhich may accumulate in the side boxes 5, end blow-ofi' connections li" are also provided for blowing out any mud which may accumulate in the cross,- boxes 11.

The boiler shown is of the usuel Babcock & Wilcox type, having a longitudinal steam und water drum 1S connected to the front and rear headers and 14. The bank of the water tubes 19 is preferably inclined rearheater is shown at 22, over which the gases 10` pass, between the iirst an `second. passes through 'the tubes. The gases finally rise through-the third pass and pass out through the damper opening 23, a horizontally-in clined balile 25 extending from the to of the rear wall 4 to the lower end of the aille 20 for pro'ecting gases in the rear portion of the com ustion chamber forwardly. A dustpocket 24 is preferably provided below the third pass. l

The advantages of my invention will be apparent to those skilledin the art. The

excess air from below the grate passes 'u wardly through the dumping plates 2* at t 1e rear of the stoker, flows up at the rear of the furnace and is thrown forward by the roof bathing around the lower row of tubes below the second passend caud to mingleevith thegases from the front ofthe Stoker, thus giving highly eiiicent. combustion.

The arrangement is particularly adaptable to an underfeed stoker where excess air, under certain conditions of operation, passes through the rear part'of the stoker mechanism, and through the dumping plates, and is projected rearwardly in the furnace. The form of the tuyres of the stokerwhich ad mit the compressed air is such that when the rear portion of the fire becomes thin, or when a portion of the fire is broken through by the action of the blast, the air and gases are projected rearward. Ait can be readily seen that where a stoker roduces :an action of this sort the form of urnace is particularly adapted to give increased efiiciency ver an arrangement wherein the excess air and gases, rejected to the rear of the furnace, would) pass directly upward 'along the rear wall of the furnace and enter the spaces between the. boilerv tubes without being' mingled with the combustible gases in the interior ofthe furnace.

'Inclin'nrg the rear furnace wall 4 outn vwardly allows a longer roof baffle 25 to be used, and increases the mingling eleot produced i-n the gases which pass upward in the rear of the furnace. The roof bathing 25 coacts vwith the cross-baie 20 Ain securing a high efficiency, and better results are secured than should the Stoker b e moved bodily forward and the rear wall 4 be 'made to run vertical, starting directly from a point belovt the cross-bale 20,'as inthe latter. case the an 'and excess gases which pass npward through the Stoker dumping plates 2 and throu h the. lowermost tuyres of the Stoker wou d would not beeficctively mingled with the furnace gases so as to consume the coinbustib'le elements in the furnace gases. By i inclining the outer face ofthe front wal space for standard stoker parts is provided,'

without losing any of the benefits arising from the inclined inner fac/e of the wall or necessitating special Stoker construction.

It will be apparent that the furnace is so formed' as to ive a progressively increasing area for the ow of gases of conibustion'in traveling from the fuel bed to the upper part of the furnace, and that the gases passr over a progressively decreasing area in their passage across the first pass of the boiler tubes. The area for admitting the gases into the lower part 'of the rst pass may, therefore, be made large enough to avoid trouble through coating the tubes with slag and deposit to an extent that will result in an yexcessive frictional resistance to the flow of the gases through the lowermost tubes of the .first pass. This feature is a highly csscntial one where forced blast underfeed 44stokers of the type described-are employed,

.as with these classes of stokcrs an undue amount of frictional resistance to the flow of the gases through the boiler tubes will result in a back pressure of the hot gases within the furnace instead of a suction, and a back pressure will cause trouble in maintainin the brickwork, as well as trouble throng through the doors ordinarily provided for inspection and access tothe furnace, as well as through any cracks or creviccs in the brickwork. The entire furnace arranement, as 'also the arrangement of the ba form of stoker described, and makes it sible to operate the boilers ciiiciently at high capacities.

It is especially advantageous in the case i `of an underfeed stokcr to set the stokcr gases and thereby promoting combustion,

the erosion of the ront wall through the action of the hot gases, which is characteristic of this type of Stoker, will be minimized, or eliminated. The erosion referred to comes throughthe im in ing action of the hot gases and throng t e' swirling or vortex action of the gases roduced through the effect of the forced b ast which enters through the tuyeres near the front of the furnace andthe form of the fuel bed resulting from the underfccd method of supplying the coal, which causes the depth of the fuel bed to be greater a short distance from the front wall than lt is directly leaking of the hot gases outward e, is, therefore, particularly adapted to the minces 'against and near the front wall. With a vertical front wall the combustion condif tions may be such esto cause a lane of same time` there'lniay be diculty through the erosion of the inner taceet the wall through theA imping'ing action ot .the hot gases orrthrough the swirling of vortex'. action. By inclining the front wall outward -ly the diliculties referred to are' minimised or entirely overcome. `Under the same son ditions, the use of a vertical trent wall would lead tain lane oi darne hugging the wall," while'thouseoit an inclined trent wall oil the character illustrated herein, would cause the dame to spread out and broken yup through eddy currents before it reached .the tubes, with a resultingA increase in the amount olcombustible gases ,burned within the furnace chamber. lBy'"redateing the swirling andv vortex actiorrot the gases through the use oit-'an inclined wall, where the face of the wallr will be' ata greater distance from the point trom which the hot gases are projected trom the fuel bed than with c vertical wall, the amount oi' erosion will be greatly decreased over that which would exist with a vertical wall. lnclining therear wall outwardly also increases the mingling'efl'ect of the gases in the case of undereed stakers, so that the -Ecrin. et iur nace described is particularly7 adaptable to under-feed stokers.

Writh, the device illustrated, when the gases ypass into ythe water tubes, they enter what is, in effect, the gas outlet of the fur-- nace, which is directly above the fuel bed; so that the gases pass in a generally vertical direction from the 'fuel bed. lit the fuel leed were close to the water' tubes, and hence close to the gas outlet, there would be no chance for the gases to` mingle thoroughly and be completely burned before reaching the tubes. Applicant prefers to make the furnace chamber high enough so thatthe gases will be thoroughly mingled and substantially burned before striking the relatively cold water tubes. This increased height of the furnace introduces a new facu tor-viz, the swirling or vortex action of the gases which causes ero-sion of the iront Wall. To overcome this difficulty and, at the same time, have a relatively high combustion chamber, applicant uniformly inclines the front wall and supports it .by a member located in front thereof, thereby, at the same time, minimizing the tendency to erosion and overcoming the tendency of the wall to fall inwardly should erosion take place. Furthermore, inclining` the front wall, and preferably also the rear wall to produce a hopper-shaped furnace, in itselt` serves to iincrease the mingling effect' of the gases and helps 'to bring about the'com- ,plete burningthereof'betore reaching the boiler tubes. y

'What l claim and' desireI to secure. by Letters Patent of the United Sta-tes is:

l, ln a steam boiler, a furnace having an upwardly increasing cross sectional area,

horizontally inclined water tubes located 'above the furnace, and a root baille extending' longitudinally ofthe water tubes above the' furnace andhaving at its inner end portion 'an upwardly extending baille arranged 'to'provide a pass having an upper restricted portion, whereby an increasing cross sectionalA area in the Jfurnace is succeededby an upwardly decreasing cross sectional area in the iirst upward pass.

2. 'lne steam boiler, means, comprising an' upwardly inclined furnace wall for proauy ducing a furnace chamber having an upwardly increasing cross sectional area, horimentally inclined water tubes located above the furnace chamber, a root baille extending longitudinally of? the water tubes above the furnace chamber'and having at its inner end portion-an upwardly extending baille arranged to provide a pass having lan upper restricted portiom whereby au increasing cross sectional area in the furnace is suc#` seeded. byfan upwardly decreasing cross sec- ,ftional area in the first upward pass, and' means 'for cooling said inclined furnace wall. v3. ln a steam boiler, means comprising an upwardly and outwardly inclined furnace wall for producing a furnace chamber having an upwardly increasing cross sectional arse, horizontally inclined water tubes located above the furnace chamber, a root baille extending longitudinally of the water tubes above the furnace chamberand havingat its inner end portion an upwardly extending baille arranged to provide a. pass having an upper restricted portion whereby an increasing cross sectional area in the furnace is succeeded byI an upwardly decreasing cross sectional area in the first upward pass, and means comprising water Vtubes located. adjacent to said inclined wall is succeeded by an upwardly decreasing I cross sectionalarea in the first upward pass.

y baule located above the fr nece chamber being sufficiently hlgli to 2D lin conibiiiaiion, e furnace having an unobstrueied upwardly enlarging furnace elnunber, liorieonlzelly inclined Weller tubes iocalzed eboy the furnace chambensaidfurnace chamber beingu sulliciently high to pern'ii approximately complete combustion of llie gases before reaching said tubes, a roof "1 located above bhe furnace chamber and exiending parallel to said tubes, end means definingI a eonsbricted first pass across the tubes through which the gases flow, said means including said baille.

6. 'n cornbinaiion, a furnace having its front und rea-r Walls upwardly and outwardly inclined to' form andunobstru'cted upwardly increasing;4 low urea in the furnace chamber, horizontally inclined wafer tubes irnace chamber, said furperinii; approxinnibely complete combustion of the rases before reaching said tubes, a

roof baille located above said furnace cbain` ber und extending parallel to said tubes, and means defining' a consl'rictcd lirst pass across the ubes` through which the gases flow, said means including said baille.

7. I'n a steam boiler and its furnace, a

`forced biais?l underfeed Stoker, the furnace wallsl forming e hopper shaped furnace end of said roof baille across the tubes and forming a decreasing flow eren for the gases.

8. n combination, a furnace having an unobstructed u )Wardly enlarging furnace chamber, fuel Aeeding mechanism for the furnace which causes heated particles to be carried upwardly through the furnace chamber, horizontally inclined water tubes located above the furnace chamber, said furnace chamber being suilieiently high to permit approximately eomplee combustion of *elle gases before reaching said tubes, n, roof baille located above the furnace chamber and extending parallel to seid tubes, and means defining a constricted first. Ypass across the tubes through which the gases flow, said means including said baille.

9. In combination, a furnace having an unobstructed upwardly enlarging furnace chamber, horizontallyT inclined water tubes located above the urnace chamber., said furnace chamber being suiciently high to permit approximately complete combustion of the frases before reaching said tubes, u, roof bae located above the furnace chun1- ber and extending 'parallel to said tubos, and means dellning u constrieted iirsi. buss across the tubes through which the gases flow, seid ineens including said baille und said furnace being provided with a cooling' passage loceted .fuljnceniI 'a furnace wall.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my naine in therpresenee of two sub scribing witnesses.

DAVID S. JACOBUS. Witnesses r EDITH CAMB Jenn A. W. DrxoN..

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