US1058014A - Retort smoke-abater. - Google Patents

Description

O. D. ORVIS. RETORT SMOKE ABATER. APPLICATION FILED MAY 14, 1912.

Patented Apr. 1, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH C0 WASHINGTON. D. c.

O. D. ORVIS. RETORT SMOKE ABATER. APPLICATION FILED MAY 14, 1912.

1,058,014. Patented Apr. 1, 1913; v

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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" UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

03m. 1). ORVIS, on NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR To HENRY GALLAGHER, or NEw YORK, N. Y.

RETORT SMOKE-ABATER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 1, 1913.

Application filed May 14, 1912. Serial No. 697,165.

T0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, OREL D. ORVIS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Retort Smoke-Abaters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in steam boiler furnace, and particularly to that class in which air is directed into the products of combustion for the purpose of securing practically complete combustion, improving the draft and increasing economy in fuel consumption. Its objects are, first,to obtain the foregoing results and in addition, to

provide against smoke emanation and increase the efficiency of the boiler. Second, to sofarrange the several parts that they may be applied to boilers already in use without material difficulty, as well as new installation; and third, to so arrange the parts as to maintain them in effective operation for an indefinite period of time, they being protected from the intense heat generated by furnaces of this class. These and other objects are obtained by the peculiar construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and shown in the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, and in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of the front portion of a boiler, to which my invention has been applied, parts being broken away to show the interior. sectional view, taken on line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a similar sectional view, taken on line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a like trans verse sectional view, taken on line H of i Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view, illustrating, in detail, the method used in incasing the pipes disposed within the furnace, and, Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view, taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

In order to describe this invention intelligibly, it is considered desirable to illusthat a clear understanding of the relation between the device and the fire box may be readily obtained.

From the drawings, it will be seen that few changes need be made in adapting this device to ordinary fire boxes or furnaces,

' that no extra expense is involved in its op- Fig. 2 is a transverse eration and that no exterior space is required for its erection.

Whatever may bethe natureof the fuel used, be it anthracite or bituminous coals, crude oils or other substances rich in hydrocarbons or heat-giving properties, all give oifwhen consumed, various gases, intimately mixed with atoms of unconsumed matter forming what is generally termed smoke. In ordinary fire boxes such smoke is caused to commingle with the heat from the fire, pass to such parts as it is desirable to heat, where some of the heavier particles may find lodgment, and the remainder be dissipated in the atmosphere. Not only is the air rendered unfit for natural purposes in the immediate vicinity, but such smoke in the form of flaky, oily particles is carried frequently to considerable distances, befouling whatever it may finally settle upon. Aside, however, from the difiiculty with ordinary fire boxes, with either natural or forced draft, is another serious'consideration, that is, the loss of a large proportion of the heat element-s in the fuel used. WVhatever may be the nature of the combustible used, certain heat-giving particles are driven off before being consumed, creating a very considerable loss of combustible matter. As before stated, these particles are entrained with theproducts of combustion and the course of their movement from the fire box may be described as rolling or billowy, the heavier particles gradually descending by gravity and the entire volume keeping in a pathway practically central with the walls of the furnace as they roll rearwardly in their approach to the discharge flue.

The invention may be used in connection with any type of boiler or other furnace,

: one of the ordinary tubular style of boilers being indicated by the numeral 10, resting on brick settings 11, and 12, at either side;

, within the furnace are the usual grate bars 13, extending from the front 14 to the bridgewall 15 over the ash pit 16. trate its application. to fire boxes, in order i }to decrease the throat or smoke outlet at the bridgewall by a single course of fire brick 17, from the grate surface to a point iabout level with the bottom of the boiler For reasons above stated it is preferred shell and then further narrow the opening tracts the smoke passage and also afi'ords adequate protection to parts embedded therein, as will afterward be described.

At one side of the brick work or furnace wall 11, is a flange 19, having an opening in which is secured a pipe 20, extending inwardly through the wall and nearly to the middle of the fire box, at a point slightly in front of the bridgewall, and immediately below the boiler shell 10. Surrounding the pipe 20, and including an open space 21, is another pipe 22, extending from the inside of the flange 19, across the fire box and into the opposite wall 12; this latter pipe 22 is incased in a covering of non-conducting material, as magnesia or asbestos 24, outside of which is a protective tube 25, extending between the furnace walls and inclosed in a strong cylinder of terra-cotta, fire clay or like refractory substances 26. On the pipe 22 and within the brick wall 11 is a T 27, while within the opposite wall 12, at the end of the pipe 22, is an elbow 28, both T and elbow having in their up-turned openings, vertical pipes which extend to a point above the furnace walls and in turn connect with elbow 31 extending rearwardly and having short nipples 32, entering one end of T 33 in the opposite opening of which are pipes 34: having enlarging thimbles 35 and in which are secured mufliers or air intakes 36, arranged with baffle plates or other silencing devices to muffle or reduce the noise of incoming air. These mufiiers 36 are disposed on the top of the furnace walls parallel to the boiler shell and are adapted to receive air as it is drawn in by steam jets 37 controlled by cocks 38 and entering the Ts 33 between the two main inlets and in register with the third opening in which are pipes 10 extending down in the brick walls to a point level with the bottom of the boiler shell where they are connected to angularly disposed pipes 11, set in the brick work, at the sides of the bridgewall 15. These pipes ll are provided with a number of short blast pipes 42 branching off toward the center of the furnace, facing each other, and are adapted to deliver streams of hot air on the smoke and other products of combustion as they pass over the bridgewall.

In order to insure a current of air at the center of the bridgewall under boilers of large diameter, where the distance between the side walls might be too great for the side blasts to reach, there is provided a pipe 17, located within the space 21 and in alinement with the pipe 20; the pipe 4;? has an elbow L8, connecting with a branch 49 extending from the large elbow 50, between the blast pipes 1O and 41, the elbow 48 being within the large elbow 28; at the other end of the pipe 47 is another small elbow 51 in which is a short blast pipe adapted to deliver an air current rearwardly through the opening cial form of tiling 44-, made of refractory material, in sections for convenience in installing; the rear portion of the brldgewall has sectional tiling 45 of the same material,

but formed into a semi-circular shape, hav

ing an open, vertically disposed front, while the rounded rear portion is provided with apertures 54, adapted to discharge rearwardly a portion of the air blast received from the lowermost of the small blast pipes 12. The upper tiles 45 have at their adjoining edges, vertical bars 55, made of the same refractory material, which serve to support and unite the several sections.

The operation of the invention is as follows :--The fire having been started, the operator admits steam to nozzle 37 and the velocity of the steam current admitted to pipe 40, induces air to How through the muffler 36 and pipe 20 into pipe 40. The

steam and blast commingle in the pipes and are delivered under pressure from the small blast pipes 12, across the upper part of throat or space over the top of the bridgewall. The blasts of steam and air are directed into the escaping products of combustion so as to secure two primary ends, namely; to break up the smoke and supply oxygen thereto, for the purpose of consuming the carbon therein, and to increase the draft through the furnace chamber and the escape flue. By supplying the blasts over the briclgewall and above the throat, the air and other gases in the throat are rarefied, or as it might be termed, a partial vacuum is produced therein, the air and products of combustion being forcibly drawn around the lower edge of the arch, thus securing the increased draft referred to. The blasts op erate, furthermore, to draw the products of combustion forcibly into the throat so that they will impinge upon the curved breast 45 which in a measure reflects the gases against the arch from which the gases rebound. The arch and the breast being composed of vitreous tiles, they will become heated to a white or red heat, and the products of combustion impinging against these heated surfaces, it follows that thorough combustion of gases is secured, thus resulting in an in creased number of heat units being utilized.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a smoke consuming furnace, a firebox and bridge-wall a portion of the top surface of which slopes smoothly downward to the front, blast pipes within the side walls of the fire box, blast outlets connected with said blast pipes in such manner as to direct currents of air toward the center of the space angularly above the bridge-wall, a pair of muflled intakes arranged exteriorly of the furnace walls, a single intake disposed above the fire box and in front of the bridge-wall, connections between the last named intake and said blast pipes and means combined therewith for producing a current of air within.

2. A smoke consuming furnace, comprising a combustion chamber and a bridgewall having a smooth surface sloping downward toward the front, hollow semi-circular tile sections arranged on the top of said bridge-wall at the rear thereof, the inner concave sides facing the combustion chamber, said tiles having openings directed to the rear and means for producing an air blast therethrough.

3. A smoke consuming furnace, compris-- ing a fire-box, a bridge-wall and other operative elements having combined therewith an air intake open to the atmosphere at one end, extending substantially to the center of said fire-box above the normal fire surface, immediately in front of said bridge-wall, a plurality of heat resisting casings, includ ing an open annular space, inclosing said intake extending entirely across the fire-box and means for inducing an air current in said intake and for discharging the same rearwardly above the said bridge-wall.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

OREL D. ORVIS.

Witnesses:

F. G. HENRY J 0s. A. KARL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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