US1011312A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

J. E. & H. H. BLAKE.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.17. 1911.

Patented Dec. 12, 1911.

ZSHEETS-SHEET 1.

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J. E. & H. H. BLAKE;

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 17. 1911.

Patented Dec. 12,1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT F TUE.

JOHN E. BLAKE AND HENRY H. BLAKE, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS TO BLAKE CRUSHER AND PULVERIZER VANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYL- FURNACE.

Specificationof Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 12, 1911.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN E. BLAKE and HENRY H. BLAKE, citizens of the United States, and residing in the city of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention consists in certain new and useful improvements in furnaces for use in connection with steam boilers and for other purposes.

It is particularly applicable to the-use of finely granulated or pulverized coal, coke or kindred substances.

In the use of granulated or powdered fuel under blast, difliculty has been experienced in preventing the burning out and disintegrating of the brick work, as the combustion is high and the initial impact of the flame very destructive. It has also been found ditficult to properly distribute the heat where most needed and to maintain the proper temperature at the front of the boiler. The combustion and consumption of the fuel has'also been faulty and the use of granulated or pulverized fuel has not been entirely a success. By means of our novel construction these faults have been corrected and the economical use of such fuel has been made a commercial success.

Generally Speaking, we introduce the fuel at the top and front of the furnace combustion chamber and across the entire width thereof, causing the same to impact against the floor of the chamber which consists of a bed of ashes or other non-conducting material. Such particles of fuel which may be precipitated from the flame onto the surface of the ash bed form an incandescent layer or surface of very high temperature which assists in the combustion of the entering fuel instead vof retarding the same. fin the front wall 3 of the combustion-chamber of the furnace. ichamber 2 constitutes :ber. It will be noted that the peculiar con- Air is admitted to this layer of incandescent fuel to assist in its combustion, so that no heat values are lost but all the combustible elements of the fuel are thoroughly consumed. The burning fuel is reverberated by wardly: of the combustion chambemwhich in turn throws said bed of ashes rearwardly and u against the bridge wall or rear wal the flame upwardly against the forward porstituted and tion of the boiler, whence it travels rearwardly to enter the boiler flues or other passages on its way to the chimney.

We prefer to admit the fuel at an angle to the vertical, as shown. to assist the rebounding action of the flame as it strikes the ash bed. An eddy of fuel in a state of very high combustion is formed in the combustion chamber under the forward portion of the boiler which intensifies the combustion of the entering fuel, and increases the heat under the boiler.

The accumulating ashes are removed from below from time to time to maintain the bed at the proper level. -In case the furnace is to be newly placed in commission, and no bed of ashes is available. sand or other non-conducting material may be subg'radually removed from below as the ashes accumulate.

In the accompanying drawings, in which our invention is shown applied to a hori- 'zontal flue boiler for the sake of clearness. Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through the boiler and furnace along the line II in Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the 'same mechanism. partially broken away for the sake of illustration,

and Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail of one of the fuel inlet tubes preferably used.

The following is a'detailed description of the drawings.

1 is the boiler; 2 the combustion chamber of the furnace; 3 the front wall; 4 the bridge wall, and 5the chimney.

The bottom. or floor 6 of chamber 2 is inclined, so as to shunt the ashes toward a front, bottom orifice 7 formed in the front wall. The lower portion of chamber 2 constitutes an ash-pit or ash-hopper 8, which gradually, by way is kept fu11- of ashes, as shown in the drawings; and, level with the top of the ash-hopper, we provide a series of air-inlet holes 9,

The upper portion of the combustion-chamstruction of the ash-hopper or ash-pit is important, as the ashes may be removed of the opening 7, keepmg the proper level of the ashes in the hopper, without opening up] the combustion chamber and thus chilling the fire therein;

the necessary volume of air properly to support combustion being supplied through said air-inlet apertures 9.

The fuel is admitted from the granulator or pulverizer, not shown, by "means of a tube 10 which discharges into a distributer 11, preferably fanor funnel-shaped, and located at the front and above the combustion chamber 2. p

1212 represent a series of inlet tubes extend' from the bottom of distributer '11 throng the top and front of the chamber '2. They are preferably inclined inwardly.

The fuel, as it is admitted, becomes ignited by the heat of the furnace and, in the form of an intensely hot flame, impacts against .the bed of ashes, whence, in turn, it is reverberated upwardly striking the bridge wall or rear wall and is thrown upwardly and forwardly against the forward portion of the boiler, an eddy or whirl of fuel, in the state of high combustion, being formed under the forward portionof the boiler, thus superheating the same and also aiding in the combustion of the entering fuel. The flame travels rearwardly and. then forwardly through the boiler tothe chimney o.

The layer 13 of unconsumed or partially consumed fuel which is precipitated upon the surface of ash bed 8 is maintained in a state of high combustion and incandescence,

aided by the supply of air entering through ceive the impact of the flame, thus assisting in the combustion of the traveling fuel in-- 1sltead of ehillingthe flame, or absorbing its eat.

When the furnaceis newly fired and there is no accumulation of ashes in the hopper, a supply of sand or other non-conductor of heat may be introduced and gradually removed as theashes accumulate. When the fire is to be started in a cold furnace, the fuel may be ignited in the first instance with a torch or gas flame,

We have shown our invention applied to a boiler furna'ce but it will be readily seen. that it may be applied to a re-heating furnace or a furnace of any other character.

What we desire to claim is- 1. A furnace having a chamber therein, the upper portion thereof constituting a combustionchamber and the lower portion thereof an ash-pit, said combustion-chamber being provided with air-inlet apertures to sup ort combustion, the lower front wall of sai ash-pit being provided with an outlet opening for the ashes,,said ash-pit being provlded' with an inclined bottom leading to said outlet-opening and guidingthe ashes thereto, whereby said ash-pitmay be kept constantly full of ashesand the proper level of ashes maintained therein by escape of ashes through said outlet-opening, without opening up the combustionchamber and thereby chilling the fire therein; and means for introducing fuel, under pressure, downward into said combustion-chamber.

2. A furnace having a chamber therein, the upper portion thereof constituting a combustion-chamber and the lowerportion there of an ash-pit, said combustion-chamber being provided with air-inlet apertures to support combustion, the lower front wall of said ashpit being provided with-an outlet-opening for the ashes, s aid ash-pit being provided with an inclined bottom leadingtosaid outlet-opening and guiding the ashes thereto, whereby said ash-pit may be kept constantly full of ashes and the proper level of ashes maintained therein by escape of ashes through said outlet-opening, without opening up the combustion-chamber and thereby chilling the fire therein; a powdered-fuel dis tributing-member disposed above said cornbustion-chamber; and tubes leading downward from said distributing-member and projecting through the upper wall of said 'thereto, whereby said ash-pit may be kept constant-1y full of ashes and the proper level of ashes maintained therein by escape of 1 ashes through said outlet-opening, without opening up the combustion-chamber and thereby chilling the fire therein; a powderedfuel distributing-member disposed T -above said combustion chamber; and inclined tubes leading downward from said distributingmember and projecting through the upper wall of said combustion-chamber.

Signed at Pittsburgh, Penna, this 12th day of January 1911.

JOHN vE. BLAKE. HENRY H. BLAKE.

' Witnesses:

A. W. Fonsy'rn, EDWARD A.- LAWRENCE.

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