US1503991A - Enameling process - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 5. 1924. a 1,503,991

H MOECKER. JF?

ENAMELING PROCESS 'Filed Aug 192s z sheezysheex 1 Aug. 5 1924.

H. MOECKER, JR

ENAMELING PROCESS Filed Aug. 6, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 3 HENRY MOECKEFI, 33., 0F HO'MEWOOD, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T0 AMERICAN STOVE COMPANY, G15 ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

ENAMELING rnoonss.

Application filed August 6, 1923. Serial No. 656,061.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY MonoKnR, J11, a citizen of the United States, residing at Homewood, in the county of Cook and. State of Illinois, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Enamehng Processes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing This invention relates to improvements 1n a vitreous enameling process and more particularly to a process of enameling where n the step known in the art as wiping is done away with.

It has generally been the practice when enameling stoves to wipe a portion ofthe enameling off at certain points, such as around bolt holes, for the reason that 1f the enameling is not tapered at such places it is quite liable to crack under strain. Thls step of wiping heretofore has been done by handby simply taking a brush or so called reamer and removing a part of the enamel at the point desired before the enamel is fused on to the metal of the stove.

It will, of course, be readily understood that the process described in'this application is not limited to its application to stoves but can be readily practiced in enameling any articles where heretofore wiping has been required. I

The primary object of this lnventlon 1s to provide a novel process of wiplng enamel as applied to enamel coated artlcles.

A further object of this invent1on is to provide a novel manner of obtaining the wiping of enamel wlthout the customary tedious step of wiping enamel byhandr Another and further object of my 1nvention is to provide a novel enameling process whereby the finished article can be produced more quickly and more cheaply thanheretofore.

Other novel features and important re- 'sults of my invention will appear in the accompanying drawings and following description.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 represents the side View of a gas range or the like, to which has been applied my novel patterns at those polnts where a wiped efi'ect of the enamel is desired;

Figure 2 representsthe. upperpanel top' join the front and top together and applied to those portions of the stove are certain shapes of my improved paper patterns.

Figure 3 represents a front View of a stove oven door with certain of my improved paper patterns applied thereon.

Figure t is a front view of the top shelf and upper top of a stove to which are applied certain of my improved patterns.

I am familiar with porcelain enameling as applied to stoves, particularly the wet process. By this I mean that the ground glass instead of being sprinkled on the red hot steel or cast iron of the stove, is kept in suspension in water by the use of clay.

The article to be enameled is dipped into this mixture or the mixture is sprayed onto the article and then dried. hen dry the article is put into the furnace and the furnace brought up to the proper heat for fusing the enamel on the steel or cast-iron as the case may be.

In order that there be an intimate bond with the cast iron or steel and to assure the proper fusion of the enamel there is first put on the base metal what is known as a ground coat of dark color and then colored coats of another mixture are applied in the same manner, the color coats being, of course, the controlling color of the enamel on the finished article.

To obtain an article coated with white enamel it usually requires two coats of white coloring on top of the ground color and as a result quite a thick coating of enamel is had when the final enamel is applied upon the white color coats. I have found that due to this thickness the enamel is more or less liable to crack under strain.

To obliterate this cracking of the enamel it has been the practice, after the white enamel is applied and allowed to dry, to remove the enamel in certain places, notably around bolt holes, before the enamel is fused on. This removal of the dry white enamel is called wiping and is a rather slow and expensive process as it entails the removal of the dry white enamel with a brush or so called reamer or the like at the particular points desired.

To eliminate this expensive wiping step I have conceived the ideaof cutting out pieces of paper of the proper shape and applying them wet to the ground coat surface. As this step is now being practiced these paper patterns are simply dipped in a pan of water and then applied directly upon the part of the article which it has been heretofore necessary to wipe using a sponge with which to press them down and to remove any surplus water which may happen to squeeze through the paper or around the edges.

The above described manner of applying the patterns is, of course, not the only way inwhich this could be done. It can be done by simply spraying that part of the article where the pattern is to be applied and then placing the pattern upon the wet surface and patting or pressing it down. I have usually found that more speed can be made in applying the patterns in the manner first described.

When the patterns are in place upon the article the white enamel is sprayed on or the article dipped as heretofore described. It will be found that as the paper patterns dry they will curl up and can then be very easily and readily removed thereby saving in a great degree the expensive work of the old time wiping method.

I In the manufacturing and assembling of an enameled stove it is readily apparent where it will be necessary to wipe the dry enamel olf the stove parts. This would also be true in the manufacture of any enamelec 7 articles such as kitchen-ware.

In the drawings I have shown asexamples certain parts which go into the as sembling of a completed stove. I have not attempted to illustrate all of the stove parts for the reason that a few will be suflicient to adequately depict the application of my invention. I might also have illustrated the application of my invention to some other enameled article but have not considered this necessary for the reason that from the description herein it will be obvious how to proceed to apply the teachings of my discovery to such other articles as it mi ht be desired to manufacture.

eferring now to the drawings and particularly to Figure 1, which is an illustration of the side of a gas stove, it will be seen that in the upper left hand corner there is applied one of the patterns as designated at 1. At this point a casting is bolted on to the side of the stove and it is necessary that there be as little enamel at this point as possible. The using of the pattern assures that there will be nothing but the ground enamel here and in addition the ground coat portion can be made of a shape and size exactly to correspond with the shape and size of the casting.

As drawings form an illustration very simple to understand no detailed description will be given of the rest of the patterns shown'other than to mention the reason that only ground coat enamel is desired at the points to which they are applied.

Thenumeral 2 designates certain places on the oven side where parts are bolted on and for ornamental purpose. The particular stove illustrated is equip ed with a thermostatic gas control and t e patterns numbered3 are applied at the points at which the gas pipe manifold supports are bolted on the oven sides, while the numeral 4 designates the pattern surrounding opening 5 through which theoven heat regulator extends into the stove oven.

Figure 2 designates the upper panel top of the stove and carries patterns 6 and 7. Patterns 6 assure the removal of the enamel at the points where bolts go through the top and also provide a margin for the application of stove ornaments, while the patterns 7 remove the enamel at the points where the connecting castings join the oven front and top together. a j c Figure 3, whichis the illustration of the stove oven door, receives the paper patterns 8 at its two lower corners at which points are applied the oven door; hinges. At

the top center of the oven door there is applied paperpattern 9 at the point where the oven door catch is applied and just below this pattern are the two patterns 10 at the points where the oven door handle is attached. The oven door additionally receives the patterns 11 which surround the openings through which bolts project to fasten the door lining supports.

In Figure 4., which illustrates the top ornament of the stove, there is applied at its opposite ends patterns 12 at the points where there are bolted corner ornaments, such as nickel trimming and the like. 7 7

It will be readily understood that I do not limit myself to any particular shapes of these patterns as the shape is controlled altogether by the particular size and'shape of the place to which they are to be applied.

So far as I have been able to find out most any kind of paper can be used inmaking paper patterns and the invention practiced with success. At the present time I am using a paper stock which is ordinarily referred to as tissue manifold stock and which has proven most satisfactory. I find 7 that thin paper is made necessary to the best practice of the invention on account of;-

sprayed upon it or the article is being dipped in the enamel. c

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided a novel step in the process of enameling whereby the finished article can be produced more rapidly and more cheaply than heretofore and at the same time assure a finished product which is not only equal to but better than that produced by the old method, and which will additionally overcome to a large extent the cracking of the enamel as has heretofore occurred.

Having thus described my invention what I desire to protect and secure by Letters Patent is 1. In an enameling process, the steps of.

' applying to the article prior to the application of the enamel, wet patterns, then applying the enamel to the article and allowing it to dry, and then removing the dry patterns to effect a removal of the enamel from the article in the desired places prior to the fusing of the enamel.

2. In the art of enameling, the process of applying a pattern in a Wet condition to an article prior to the application of the enamel, then applying the enamel to the article and allowing the enamel on the ar-- ticle and the enamel coated patterns to dry,

whereby the patterns in their dry condition curl or shrink and thereby are very readily and easily removed to effect a re movalof the enamel in the desired places prior to the step of fusing the enamel.

3. In an enameling process, the steps of applying to the article prior to the application of the finish enamel wet patterns of fibrous material, then applying the enamel to the article and allowing it to dry, and then removing the dry patterns to effect a removal of the enamel from the article prior to the fusing of the enamel.

4. In the art of enameling, the process of applying a pattern of fibrous material in a wet condition to the article prior to the application of the enamel, allowing the en-- amel on the article and the enamel-coated patterns to dry, whereby the patterns in their dry condition curl or shrink and there by are very readily and easily removed to effect a removal of the same prior to the step of fusing the enamel.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

HENRY MOECKER, JR.

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