US1480767A

US1480767A - Pulverizer

Info

Publication number: US1480767A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1924-01-15
Anticipated expiration: 1941-01-15

Description

Jan. 15, 1924. 1,480,767

O. A. KREUTZEERG PULVERIZER Filed Feb. 24. 1920 6 sheets-Sheet 1v www "Jan, 15 1924.

O. A. KREUTZBERG PULVERI ZER kFiled Feb. 24, 1920 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 @hw/66: ffy?,

4 1,480,767 o. A. KREUTZBERG PULVERIZER l Filed Feb. 24. 1920 6 sheets-sheet z w ma M j www m r I ...,...u .a W@ ,Alla a 10, w, ,n

Jan. 15 1924.

O. A. KREUTZBERG PULVERIZER Jan. 15 l1924. 11,480,761

Filed Feb. 24, 1920 6-Shee`tS-Sheeb 4 fzg m ym v Jan. 15 1924.

. A. KREUTZBERG PULVERIZER Filed Feb. 24, 1920 6 sheets-sheet 5v WITNESS.

Jan. 15 1924. 1,480,767

o. A. KREUTZBERG PULVERI ZER Filed Feb. 24, 1920 6 SheeliS-Sheeb WITNEISSJ [1V VENTOR f//s A TTORNE Y6:

Patented Jan. 15, 1924.

UNITED STATES OTTO A. KREUTZBERG, F LAKE BLUFF, TLLINOIS.

PULVEBIZER.

Application filed February 24, 1920.

To aZZ'wLo/m it may concer/a.'

Be it lmown that I, O'r'ro A. Kimura BERG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lake Bluff, in the county of Lake and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improve-ments in Pulverizers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

The purpose of this invention is to pro vide an improved construction for pulverizing hard material, adapted in one of its forms for separating the material according to fmeness, so that only that which is pulverized to a desired degree shall be dejlivered, the remainder being returned for further treatment. ItV consists in the elements and features of construction shown and described, as indicated in the claims.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical axial section of a structure embodying this invention.

Figure 2 is a top plan view with the casing partly broken away to show the interior construct-ion.

Figure 3 is a section at the same plane as Figure l showing a. partition substituted for a deflector shown in Figure l, to adapt the device `to a modified form of operation.

Figure 4: is a plan view of the rollers, showing a modified form.

Figure 5 is a section at the line, 5--5, on Figure fl. j

Figure 6 is a section at the line, 66, on Figure `4.

Figure 7 is a View similar to Figure l showing a modification. j

Figure 8 is a similar view showing another modification.

The structure shown in the drawings comprises a support, l, upon which there is mounted for rotation about a vertical axis, a table, 21, having its upper face dished for lodgment thereon of rolls, 3, which are mounted for rotation upon axles, 4t, hinged upon brackets, 5, mounted upon the supports, the hinge position and the form of the rolls being adapted to the slope of the dished tableV so that the rolls lodge along their entire length upon the latter and rotated about their own ailes by the rotation of the table about its axis. rlihe material to be treated is designed to be delivered through a conduit, 6, which delivers it at the center of the table over an upraised central portion, 7, thereof, by which serial No. 360,820.

it is initially spread outwardly, the upraise being sloping, so as to lodge upon the table at a little distance from the center, whereliy `the centrifugal tendency resulting from the rotation of the table operates to move it further outward and enter it between and under the rolls as they roll upon the table. The centrifugal action of the material retarded by gravity due to the upward, outward slope of the dished table, causes the material -to advance outwardly along the table onto the rolls, slowly, following in fact a spiral path, and being repeatedly `crushed and ground 'by the rolls until it emerges at the circumference of the table, ground or pulverized to the desired. degree of iineness. The rate of its advance outward from the center` `of the table to the circumference, and thereby the duration of its exposure to the pulverizing action of the rolls on the table, is regulated by the speed of rotation of the table, said speed being adapted to the character of the material, so that it will be kept within the operation of the device long enough according to experience. to reduce the most refractory parts to the desired degree of fineness by the time lit is advanced to the circumference of the table. The support, l, is apen tured at an annular area situated under the outer circumference of table, as seen at. l, so that the material delivered over the circumference passes through said apertures la; and from the `lower side of the support there is suspended a funnel or gathering casing, lli, encompassing the annular apertured areaw of the support, so that the inaterial delivered through said apertures is received by said casing and gathered for discharge at its discharge mouth, 1.4i.

The means for rotating the table consists of a gear, 7. mounted upon the stem or spindle, 2, of the table, which is driven by a pinion 8, mounted on a driving shaft, 9. The shaft and gears are enclosed in a heus ing, l0, which is suspended from the lower side of the support, l, and which carries at the lower end a. step bearing, a, for the spindle or shaft, 2a', of the table, and in addition an adjustable step bearing or end.

stop, 10b,` for the end of said spindle. The

fitting containing the journal bearing, 10., carries also a journal bearing, 10d, for the inner end of the shaft, 9, of the driving pinion, 8. The gear enclosing and greaseu retaining chamber of this housing is closed at the top by a sheet metal partitioning diaphragm, ll, and above the level of that diaphragm the housing is laterally aper* tured as seen at 10, for a purpose hereinafter explained. The gear and grease housing,A it will be seen, enclosing the gears, protects them against dust from the pulverized material, and also prevents the grease from escaping to mingle with that material as the latter is delivered through the funnel casing, lll. Suitable provision is made vby removable closures, 10 and lllf, for obtaining access to the gears, or for supplying grease to the housing.

A very desirable mode of use of this structure consists in causing a current of air to pass through it from below the table up around thecircumference thereof, thereby traversing the film of material delivered over the circumference of the table, such air current being graduated as to its velocity so as to pick up the material thus delivered and carry it up above the rolls, where those portions which arev too coarse to be held suspended by the air current of the velocity selected, will be dropped and fall again between the rolls onto the table for further crushing and grinding, while the liner portions which can be lifted by the current of a given velocity, are carried out by the air current. F or this purpose there is provided a casing, 12, enclosing the table and the rolls above the support. said casing being completely closed except where the removable sectors, 12X, hereinafter mentioned, are apertured for the axles of the rolls, which substantially occupy and close said apertures; and a discharge conduit, 13, leads from the top of said casing for delivery of the material lifted by the air current into a storage bin (not shown) at any desire(` distance away. For the purpose of admitting and directing the air current, the. support, l, is apertured at an annular area intermediate the bearing of the spindle, 2", and the annular area at which the housing, l0, is secured, the apertures at said annular area being seen at 1. These apertures, it will be seen lead into a space in the upper part of the housing, l0, of which the enclosing Wall is apertured at 10C, as above described,

l/Vhen the device is to be used with an air current for separation as described, there is preferably inserted a frusto-conical sheet metal air deflector, l5. to direct the current of air moving radially outward under the table and turning upward at the outer margin of the table to pass across the current of discharged material above described, thus preventing eddies and loss of velocity of the air current in making this change of direction. Also for the purpose of deflecting the air current carrying the lifted material from the directly-upward course inwardly toward the discharge pipe lil` and to cause the heavy materia when it falls lo fall upon the table` between the rollsy or upon the rolls. there is preferably provided a truste-conical sheet metal delleetorV lli. projecting inwardly from the easing. lf2. al a level slightly above the 1evel ol' the outer circumference of the table. 2.

When the structure deseriheil is einployed without the air ciurent. so Ilat the pulverized material is delivered downwardly from the outer circuinfereiu'e of the rotating table through the apertures, l, into the funnel casing, 14, there may he desir ably inserted a sheet nieta ring. l?. resting 0n the support. l, just inside the annular area of the apertures, in. and extemling up nearly into contact with the lower side of the rotating table. to prevent the pulverized material from passing inwardly under the table, whereby it would become lodged upon the top. ll. of the gear and gres chamber.

When this structure is employed with the air current for separating the liner troni the coarser material, the gradation of the material,that is, the pointl oit separation as to fineness between that which ie lifted and carried out and that which is not lifted but returned for further pulverizing-it `will be understood is determined by 'the ,'eloeity oE the air current. and therefore the air cui rent is designed to be produced by emausl fans, and the like, not shown. and which may be situated in any convenient point in the conduit leading' from the casing, i2. Some assistance in respect to the movement of the air current may be obtained by providing the rotating table. on its lower side with fan blades,` 1X, for which a chamber 'is formed by the uiujlerlying siipport. l. und the frusto-conical deflector above described. such fan case having intake around thiI eeuter through the apertures. l". and its discharge at the peripheral gap between the outer circumference of the table. l. and the upper margin of the del-lector. l5. These fan blades are preferably made removable, being secured by bolts. Q", as shown. and they are preferably removed when operaiing without air current for separation or grading of the material.

The casing, 1Q, has apertures mesnil by removable sectors, 12X. to permit the rolls. Il. lo be 'swung out of the casing' for any atlention which may be required frein time lo time.

Preferably the table. 2. and the rolls, I5. have their operating surfaces provided with detachable wear plates or sectors. lo the case of the table the wear plate is made iu sectors, 2", as shown; and in the e of the rolls it may be a single piece shell, 3*.

Upon considering the operation of the rotating table and rolls riding thereon and revolved thereby for crushing and grinding llo inserer material passed between them, it will be seen that the circumferential speed of the table increasing from center outward proportionately to the radius, will not vary at the same rate as the circumferential speed of the rolls riding` thereon; and that therefore the roll deriving its circinnferential speed from some point of its Contact with the table at which the frictional engagement happens to be greatest by reason of the character of the material engaged between the surfaces will have the rubbing action over the table at all other points of its length; and it may be judged that in all probal'iility the rnbbing action will be greatest in the aggregate,that is, throughout any continued time of operation, toward the outer end of the roll. On this account and to avoid. 'the tendency to unequal wear at dili'erent points in the length of the roll, or to reduce the ineopiality` to a minimum, it may be found desirable to subdivide each of the rolls into two or more sections, lying side by side along` the axis of the roll, and each revolving independentlyY upon the axle. flush con struction is shown in Figures 41:, 5 and 6, in which two of the tour rolls are divided into three sections, 31, 3 and 3", and the other two are divided into two sections, fp and 31'. The purpose of dividing the different rolls into a different number of sectors, is to prevent too definite Zoning of the material on the table by the different action which the seetioi'is of the subdivided rolls may cause, the ytones or paths of travel of the two-sections of the rolls which are thus divided laminar the paths of the. three sections of the other rolls which are so divided.

ln Figure 7 there is shown a modification comprising means for regulating the velocity oit the air current through the casing at a point in its path at which material which may be dropped from the air current by reason of reduced velocity may fall on the table for repeating the pulverixing operation. 'l`he means shown consists of an adjustable discharge sleeve, 20., which as shown comprises two telescoping members, telescopic-,ally niounted in the discharge pipe, 13, and adapted to protrude below that pipe in the chamber enclosed by the casing, 1&2, above the table and roll. rllhe lower member et the tclescoiiing sleeve has its lower end provided with a flaring or funnel inouthpieee.,l 30e, whose diameter approxi mates that of the table, so that it substantially overhangs the rolls. ll.. windlass shaft, mount-ed in the discharge pipe, 13, is connected by' acable, 22, wound upon it with the inner member of the telescoping sleeve, Q0, :for raising it and permitting it to descend. or be extended down into the casing l chamber,` any suitable means not shown, beii provided for locking the windlass to uphold the sleeve. l/lhen the telescoping sleeve is lowered so that the funnel mouth is positioned at a relatively short distance above the rolls and at dotted line position shown in Figure 7, the shortness of the path for the air from the annular inlet at l to said funnel mouth causes the air current to be confined pretty closely within direct lines from the outer margin of the annular area, l, and the circumferenceof the intake of the sleeve, the air path ex panding somewhatas indicated in dotted lines, 0J, on Figure i", the cross-section of said air path being` maximum, and the velocity minimum, at a plane somewhat below said intake.v for example, as will be noted bythe dotted line, wiii-fill, on. Figure 'i'. llllhen the `telescoping sleeve is drawn up so as to position the funnel .mouth at a higher level.. as

at the position shown in full line on Figure 7, the air path tends to expand somewhat, as indicated by the dotted line, Z, on .lifigure 7; and the maximum cross-section of said path will be found at some such point as indicated by the dotted lines, m, an, on Figure 7. llhe maximum cross-section of the air path, it will be readily understood, increases as the discharge sleeve is withdrawn upward from the table; and the minimum velocity which exists at the maximum crossscction, therefore lower as the adjustment of the sleeve is higher.

'lhe lower the velocity of the air current at the point of minimum velocity, the liner the material must be to be carried up and out of the casing by the air` current, all coarser material being dropped bacl; onto the table for regrinding. lt will be seen, therefore, that by 'aising and lowering the sleeve, 20. the operator may control the de-` gree of .fineness to which the material must be reduced before it will be carried out by the air current.

.et further modiiication is shown in l? ure 8 in which the construction is the same as that shown in Figure 7, except that the upper partv of the casing shown at 25 is cylindrical and the funnel mouth-piece, 20, lits slidingly within this cylindrical casing, operating piston-wise therein as the sleeve is raised and lowered; and there is mounted above the center of the table a return-pipe carried by straps, 27, extending olf to 'the casing, said return pipe being aligned with the sleeve, 20, so that there is formed be tween the upper end of the retin-n pipe and the lower end of the sleeve, (disregarding the funnel mouth-piece of the latter), what may be regarded as a gateway in the air path, whose capacity for the passage of the air current is the circumferential area of a cone frustum whose diameters are those diameters of the proximate ends of the return pipe,` 26, and sleeve, 20, and whose length is the axial distance between said proximate ends. This area becomes therem lll() fore the cross-section of the air path at its maximum point, and therefore the point of minimum velocity, and the point at which material is too coarse to be carried up by the air current at said minimum velocity will be dropped into the return pipe and 'with said adjustment.

thereby returned to the table for re-grinding. It will be seen that the vertical adjustment of the sleeve in this construction varies definitely and exactly proportionatelyY The area of this gate-way lor cross-section of the air path thereby grades the material as in the construction shown in Figure 7 Whether the gradation is more accurate or exact than in the construction shown in Figure 7 or not, it at least has the advantage of being more definitely calculable.

For facilitating the initial engagement and entrance of the material under the conical rollers 3, said rollers are preferably peripherally notched as shown at 3a, about the smaller end, said notches being of course in the removable wearing rings or shells of said rollers, as shown on the shells 3X in Fig. l, and on the inner-

end rings

3P and 3 as shown in Figures 3, 5 and 6.

I claim 1. A pulverizer comprising in combination with a fixed support, a rotating table Whose upper surface comprises a central upraised portion and an annular track encompassing said portion, said annular surface being inclined slightly upward substantially from the central up-raised portion to the outer edge of the table; pulverizing rollers lodged to roll upon the annular inclined surface and having their shafts pivoted to permit vertical oscillation of the rollers in planes substantially radial with respect to the table, whereby nearly the entire weight of the rollers operates for crushing material on the table; means for delivering the material to be treated onto the table adjacent the inner ends of the rollers, and means for receiving the pulverized material from the outer circumference of the table.

2. In the construction defined in claim 1, foregoing, the rollers being frusto-conical with the greater diameter at the outer end.

3. A pulverizer comprising in combination With a fixed support, a rotating table whose upper surface comprises a central upraised portion and an annular portion encompassing the same which is inclined slightly upward substantially from the central rip-raised portion to the outer edge of the table forming an annular track; pulverizing rollers and axles on which they are respectively journaled free for rotation by frictional engagement with the annular inclined track, whereby nearly the entire weight of the rollers operates for'erushing material on the table; means for delivering the material to be treated at the inner ends of the rollers, and means for receiving the pulverized material from the circumference of the table.

4. In the construction defined in claim 3, foregoing, one or more of the rollers being composed of a plurality of side-by-side members mounted on the axle for independent rotation thereabout.

5. In the construction defined in claim 3, foregoing. certain of the rollers being composed of a plurality of side-by-side. members mounted on the axle for independent rotation thereabout, said several plural-membered rollers having their corresponding members of different lengths, so that the track on the table of one of the said pluralmembered rolls laps on the track of adjacent members of another of said plural-membered rolls.

6. In combination a pulverizing apparatus comprising a support adapted to receive the material to be pulverized at a central area of said support to deliver it at an outer circumferential area thereof, means for producing an upwardly moving air current at said circumferential area, the support comprising a web extending under the pulverizing means having an air inlet aperture positioned with respect to the pulverizing means to form an open air path from said inlet aperture to said circumferential area.

7. In the construction defined in claim 6, foregoing, the pulverizing means comprising a rotating table and rollers there-above co-operating therewith for reducing the material introduced between the table and the rollers, the table having fan blades projecting from its under side, the casing and support together comprising parts which form a fan chamber in which said blades revolve, said chamber extending to said circumferential area for air discharge thereat.

8. A pulverizer comprising in combination with a fixed support, a table mounted for rotation and means for rotating it; means above the table co-operating therewith for pulverizing the material delivered onto the table; a casing enclosing the table and the pulverizing means; the support comprising a web extending underneath the table and apertured thereunder for admission of air to the casing, the means for rotating the table comprising a vertical shaft `iournaled in the support; a gear housing suspended from the support having a lubricant and gear chamber completely closed at the upper side, and having apertures above said upper side closure for admission of air through the suspending means to the under side of the table.

9. A pulverizer comprising in combination with fixed supporting means, a rotating table and means co-operating therewith for pulverizing material delivered thereonto, the table being adapted for delivery of said lua i ,cadrer material therefrom centritugally at an outer delivery zone about the margin of the table; means for producing an upward air current through said delivery zone, the table support being apertured at a corresponding downward delivery zone under said upward delivery zone for delivery by gravity of material which the upward air current i'ails to lift, and a casingP element depending from the support encompassing; said downward delivery zone and converging to a discharge mouth.

10. In combination with a pulverizing apparatus which comprises a relatively rotating table adapted to receive the material to he treated at zone proximate to the center of the table; roller system thereabove for pulverizing material delivered thereto; means for producing` an upward air current around the inargin of the table; a casing enclosing the table and roller system and extending up `for a considerable distance thereabove and having air discharge at the top; a sleeve vertically adjustable in the air discharge connection and constituting the air discharge passa-ege from the casing, and a return pipe i'or delivering back to the table material dropped from the air current, said return pipe being` iixedly positioned substantially in axial alignment with the adjustable sleeve, with the discharge mouth above the receiving zone of the table; whereby the vertical distance between the lower end of the adjustable sleeve and the upper end ot the return pipe is the variable dimenw sion o'l the path oi' the air current at the point of low velocity` and determines the grading of the material lifted by the current.

n testimony whereof, il have hereunto set my hand at Chicago, illinois, this 12th day ot February, 1920.

@TTU A. KREUTZBERG.