US1477360A

US1477360A - Elastic-fluid turbine

Info

Publication number: US1477360A
Application number: US437566A
Authority: US
Inventors: Junggren Oscar
Original assignee: General Electric Co
Current assignee: General Electric Co
Priority date: 1921-01-15
Filing date: 1921-01-15
Publication date: 1923-12-11
Anticipated expiration: 1940-12-11

Description

De@ M w23 ATB@ o. JUNGGREN 1 ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE Filed Jan. l5 1921 3.9 Conde/ue Inventor: 05cm- Jumrem Schenectady,

Petented Bec.. ill, lQ/Bo y NETE@ Mitte@ contreien,

Application. ile. Sanitary 15, M921. Serial te. Witte To .all whom it may concern:

Be it hnownthet l, @seen dUNocnnN', e citizen of the United States, residing et in the county oi Schenectady,

State of New York, have invented certein new and useiullmprovements in Elastic- Fluid Turbines, of which the following is e specication.

rlhe present invention relates to elestic iuid turbines and has :fior its object to pro` vide en improved structure end errungernent in a mach-ine oi? this'charecter. The improvements, while adapted to turbines ot' any size, are more particularly intended for use in vlsrge turbines utilizing elastic duid of high pressure and super-heat.

.ln the operation or such turbines lorge variations in tern ereture occur, en niore specilically the object of my invention is to provide an improved Structure end arrangenient wherein all ports ot the turbines ere free to expend und contrnct in y ell directions without imposing strains upon other und without effecting. the alignment.

TFor e considerution of' whet il believe to be novel end rny invention, ottention is directed to the accompanying description and the cleirns appended thereto.

lin the drewing, Fig. i is u. sectional view ci en elastic duid turbine embodying my invention, end Fig. 2 is a. sectional view oi e detuil, the section being teken on line Referring to the drawing, 5 indicates a turbine shoiit und o bucket wheels which ere tired to the shett und curry rows ot buclrets 7. 'detween the buclret wheels ere nozzle diephres 8 having nozzles 9 which direct elastic duid to the buckets. lin the present instances the tirst Stege wheel is shown as carrying two rows oli' buckets with u row of intermediates between and the other ere shown eef/ch with o single row o p :.clrets. .llt will be understood, however, that this is only by way' ot exemple, to be teiten es typical of any suit-` nble errengement. 4

`New, eccord'ng to my invention, the diuphregins nre eerried in a shell. l in the torni ot n cylinder end closing the high pressure end ci? such shell is e heed li having en annuler cheinher l2 to which elastic duid is supplied by conduit i3. Head ill muy be bolted to shell l0 by bolts lt, or it may be otherwise testened thereto und it carries a ring ot nozzles lo for directing elustic duid to the lirst Stege bucket rings. At the center oit heed it is en opening through which shett posses and between the shei't end heed is a suitable pecking lli. Beyond pecking l@ is e sheiit bearing it und o thrust beering 18 both carried by n support i9 which is testened to heed ill by bolts 19. At thelow ressure end oiC shell is e head 20 which dishes outwardly ewey from the lest bucket wheel end is fastened to shell l0 by e number ot speced ribs 2i. The space between the ribs torni pesseges for the exheust elastic duid. Shut 5 posses through en opening in heed 20, u pea-chin 22 being provided to prevent leekege, en is mounted in e bearing 23 carried by e. support 2t. Support 2t is itened to heed 20 by bolts 25. At 26 'is indice-tedere end of n driven shott estened 'by o coupling 27 to shaft 5 end mount/ed in e beoring' 28.. Shell lti'increeses slightly in diameter from its high pressure end to its low pressure end ond it will be noted that it terminates about flush with the lest stage wheel. For structurel reasons, the low pressure end oi? shell l0 is shown es being cust integinl with ribs 2i and head 20 end bolted to the remainder ot the shell es indiceted et a.

'lhe foregoing structure comprising shell 1 0, heads li and 20 und bearing supports i9 and 2t torno e unitery structure comprising7 the essentiels ot the turbine, thetis thel ports which run with close clearances und must be maintained in aiignnient, and l suport this structure on two pedestols or

teun ations

29 and 30, 'one et eoch end o the niechine. At one end, tomexemple, the high. pressure end, support 19 rests on :houndsn tion 29 and is tree to slide axially thereon, transverse und twisting movements being prevented by a, suiteble tongue end cove connection as shown in Fig. 2. ln a on rangement shown the bottoni well ot support 19 hes atongueJ 3i which slides in n groove 3Q; in yifoundetion 2% .ht the pressure end oiD the turbine support is bolted rigidly to foundation 30 es indicated at 33. lt will thus be seen thet this uni= tary structure, which `muy be termed the turbine proper, is tree to expand end contrect titl Miti

ing 35 having a discharge opening 36 sur.

rounded by a flange 37 which bolts directly to a Harige 38 surrounding the' inlet openini of a condenser 39. lin this manner the ex aust housing is supported directly by the condenser and quite independently of the other parts of the turbine. l preferably support it directly on the condenser as this is usually a convenient and advantageous contract radially other. Such l various forms.

-fer of heat trom 'shell 10.

arranment. l'may, however, when found desira e, support it in any other suitable manner, the primary essential being that it be supported independently or substantially independently of the other turbine parts.

Exhaust housing' 35 is connected to turbine heads 1l and 20 by yieldable connections lwhichil While forming a tight joint, permit the ex aust housing and shell to expand and independently 'of eac-h yieldable connections may take ln the present instance l have shown the headsand exhaust housing providw withoverlapping' angestO and 41 el t2 bolted into place. Plhis forms in substance a tongue and oove connection. "lhe exhaust housing is formed with an arched or rounded peripheral Wall as shown in Fig. 1, and the curvature is sutlicient to give enough resiliency to the exhaust housing that when shell 10 expands and contracts the exhaust housing will give or bend to; permit the movements of the shell. 'llo protect the exhaust housi :tromthe temperature of shell 10, an annular shield d3 is provided Which sur rounds shell l0, or at least the high teinperature end ot it,A and provides an annular air space te which acts to prevent the transs a result of this arrangement exhaust housing 35 is not subjected to great variations in. temperav ture, and in any event is free to expand'and .considered the vital contract. Furtheore, vit will be clear that anyv 1warping or twisting 'of the exhaust 'housing d notin any Way ahect the remaining parts of the turbine, which may be partsf 'llheA exhaust housing has nothing to do'vvith the'turbine except that itfunctions asv a covei: and forms a casing torthe exhaust steam. Any

4relative movement between the exhaust Y housing d the turbine proper will not at,

.60 toet the ali at. or impose any strains on *Will benoted tt .islocated Withinprotects .it from the .outside t the turbine# ln the arrangementshownit tlreentire turbine pro er the exhaust housing. his

erature. stime it means that at the .we f entire in engagement with each other by rings ,r

, housing. whic' neraeeo rotor, shell l0, and the end heads, may be assembled and the parts aligned after which the exhaust housin may be bolted into place. ln this connection it will be understood that the various parts are split horizontally in the usual manner to facilitate assembling.

By my inventionit will be seen that. l provide a turbine in which all parts are free to expand .in alldirections Without imposing strains upon other parts to which they are attached. 'lhe turbine therefore maintains its alignment under all temperature conditions. Also, the arrangement enables me to make the exhausthousing from cast iron While the shell 10 Will preferably be made from cast steel.

ln accordance with the provisions ot the patent statutes, l have described the principle of operation of my invention, to ether with the apparatus which l now consi er to represent the best embodiment thereof, but l desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only`illustrative and the invention may be carried out by other means.

What l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

l. An elastic iiuid'turbine comprising a rotor, a shell in ,which it rotates, and an exhaust housing, characterized -by the tact that the exhaust housing is supported independently of the other parts of the turbine and; is connected to 'them by yieldable joints. v "i 2. An elastic Huidturbine comprising a v rotor, a shell in which it rotates, and an exhaust housing, characterized by the fact that the exhaust housing` is supported independently of the other parts of the turbine and is connected to' them -by yieldable joints, and that the exhaust housing is so shaped that it can yield axially.

3. ln an elastic lluid turbine, the conibination ot a rotor, a shell Within which it rotates, bearings for the rotor earriedlhy said shell, supports for said bearin and an exhaust housing 'which surroun said shell and is connected thereto by yieldable joints.

d.- ln an elastic duid turbine, the combination of a rotor, a shell `-within which it rotates, bearings for the rotor carried by said shell, su ports tor Asaid ag. and an inde en entlysupported exhaust surrounds sind shell and is connected thereto by yieldable joints.

5. ln an elastic duid turbine, the com binatio'nof a rotor, a shell Within which itY rotates, leerlinge for the'rotor carried iis iavveeo by' said shell, supports Afor said bearings, a condenser, an exhaust housing surrounding said shell and supported on said condenser, and yieldin joints connecting said housing to said she l. f

6. lin an elastic liuid turbine, the combination of a rotor, a shell within which it rotates, bearings for the rotor carried by said shell, supports for said bearings, a condenser, an exhaust housing surrounding said shell and supported. on said condenser, yielding joints connecting said housing to said shell, said housin being arched so it may ive in an axial direction.

7 n an elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a rotor, a shell within which it rotates bearings for the rotor carried by said shell, supporting means for said bearings, one of said bearings being slidably mounted for movement axially relatively to its supporting means, and an indepen ently supported exhaust housing which surrounds said shell and is connected at its two ends.

8. In an elastic duid turbine, the coinv bination of a rotor, a shell within which it rotates bearings for the rotor carried by said shell, supporting means -for said bearings, one of said bearings being slidably mounted for movement axially relatively to its suppoi'tin means, and an independently su ported ex aust housing which surrounds said shell and is yieldably connected thereto at its two ends.

9. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a shell, nozzle diaphragins dividing it into stages, a rotor, bucket wheels on said rotor and located between the diaphragms, heads closing the ends of said shell, bearings for the rotorcar'ried by said heads, supporting meansfor said bear-v ings, at leastV one of said bearings' being lslidable axially on its supporting means,

an independently supported exhaust housing lwhich surrounds said shell, and yieldin jointsconnecting said housing to the ex aust heads.

10. In an elastic fluid, turbine, the combination of an exhaust housing, and a turbine proper mounted entirely within said housing, means for independently supporting said exhaust housing and turbine proper, and a yieldable connection between said housing and turbine proper.

11,'ln an elastic iluid turbine, the combination of an exhaust housing, a turbine proper mounted entirely within saidhousing, and a shield surroundingthe turbine proper and spaced therefrom to provide an annular air space to prevent transfer of heat from the turbine proper vto the exhaust housing. y Y

12. In combination, a turbine proper comprising a shell with heads et its two ends, an exhaust housing surrounding said turbine roper and connected to said heads by giel able joints, and means for indepen and said exhaust housing. 13. In an elastic lluid turbine the combination of a shell, heads at the ends of said shell, a rotor in said shell, bearings for said rotor, supporting means for the ends of said shell, and an independently' sup orted exhaust housing surrounding sai shell.

le. In an elastic Huid turbine, the combination of a shell, heads at the ends of said shell, a rotor in said shell, bearings for said rotor, su porting means for the ends of said shel upon at least one ofwhich mid shell may slide axially, and an independently sup orted exhaust housing surrounding said s ell, said housing being adapted to yield axiall In witness` whereof, 4have hereunto set my hand this 13th day of Januar 1921,

' USC JUNG@ ently supporting said turbine 4proper