US1457542A - Gasifying burner for liquid fuel - Google Patents

Description

June 5, 1923.

MENSER sAsIFYINc-r BURNER Fon LIQUID FUEL Filed Aug. 5, 1921 2 Shoots-Sheet 1 Plglzwezv IE'MezzgeJx,

Ams.

June 5, 1923.

E. MENSER GASIFYING BURNER FOR LIQUID FUEL Filed Aug. 3, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig. 5

Patented June 5, 1923.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, EMIL MENGER, a citizen of the 'Republic of Germany, residing at Viktoriastr. 14, Wiesbaden, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Gasifying Burners for Liquid Fuel (for which I have filed application in France October 13, 1919), of which the following is a specification.

Heating by means of liquid or liqueiable fuel has a tendency to become generalized owing to the increased scarcity of coal and other solid fuel and therefore to their high prices.

On the other hand, liquid fuels are not found in the natural state in all countries. [t has been tried and succeeded to extract from coal `tar secondary products such as tar oil, naphthalene, residues o-f anthracite and other fuel of the same kind, the extraction of which is effected in large quantities and the cost price of which is very small.

With the apparatus used at present for the combustion of oil and more particularly of raw naphthalene, the gasification of the fuel is defective owing to the Ydifficulty of maintaining in these apparatus the'naphthalene in the liquid state-which condition is essential for permitting its'use inthe same manner and'with the same advantages as the tar oil. Y

' The gasifying burner which'is the object of.I the present invention i`s .intended to remedy the above drawbacks by effecting a previous heating of the fuelv which is .thus constantly maintained in the yliquid' state, ensuring its gasification and its vcomplete combustion. l r

The invention is illustrated by wayof example. in the accompanying drawings in 'whichy n.

Fig. 1 .is a` longitudinal section of vthe whole of the burner-gasier, more especially ntended for the. treatment of raw naphtha- 611e..- c' i Fig. 2 shows separately on a larger scale the sprayer device, seen fromthe side.

Fig. 3 is a corresponding planview. f Fig. 4 is a modiiicationof construction.

Fig.- 5 showsV in lon 'tudinal section the details for mounting ad) for agasify-ing-burner of oil. Y. y l

Fig. Gis a front outside-view, the air 4conduit occupyin a diierent position,

Fig.A 7 is a ongitudinal section along the l line A AofFg- 6.

.e a i,

EMIL MENGER, OF WIESBADEN, GERMANY.'

GASIFYING BURNER FOR LIQUID FUEL.

Application filed August 3', 1921. Serial No. 489,615.

ox for the ai-r ,inlet l i 1,457,542 ATENT OFFICE;

Fig. 8 is a front view of the whole of the gasifying-burner in, which the box for the air inlet can be taken to pieces, and

Fig. 9 vis a horizontal section thereof.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings,the gasifying-burner comprises an outer cylindrical casing 1 which is horizontal and is prolonged at onefend by a cylindrical body 2 forming two chambers 3 and 4 separated by a'middle partition 5` and in which two valves and 7 are arranged. The outside casing is connected to a pipe for the air 1nlet 8 mounted on a fan and on which rests and is fixed at its basis the cylindrical body 2.

A box 9 is mounted inside the casing and .w

communicates with the chamber 3 by means of 'an orifice 1() provided at the lower part and coming opposite the flange 6. b The combustible is led into the apparatus iii7 the box 9 in which it is fixed. The said conduitr comprises an outside casing 11 extended by a vertical base 18 and surrounding an inner body 13in such a manner as Ato means of aconduit engaging at one end 1 forman annular chamber 14 between 4the .a

said two members the said chamberl openingy through conduits 15 andl at the lower part of the base 12 and at the upper part of the chamber, the said conduit beingjconnected on `the other side to a steam generator. .A Thefuel passes into a channel 17 provided at theI centre of .the base 12 and leading to another channel 18 provided inthe middle part of the body 13.

The quantity ofliquid comingfrom the r channel 17 and penetrating into the channel 18 is adjusted by means of a screw-spindle 19 operated from the outside by means of a hand wheel 20 provided] with a pointer which isvmoved opposite a graduated sector. Y

VThe lend of thechannel 18 openinginto the box 9 'is screw-threaded so as toreceiye the sprayers 21 providedwith a .connection 22'connecting its screw-threaded partto a member 23 endedby a fork 4,the two tubular branches 240f which (seeFig.-3) are liat tened in the form of-a lcone at theirfreeend in. order tohave outlet orifices 25 of'small diameterwith a view `to increasing the out-V let speed ofthe liquid fuelorlofthe gas.

vThe tubular branches `24 are extended Vby i flattened surfaces 26, the widened` ends of which are cut so as to form, by bending the metal, vertical partitions 27 yperpendi'cula'r to the horizontal plane' of the surfaces The device which has been describedv works in the iollowingmanner:

The raw naphthalene is led into the apparatus through a channel 17 and penetrates into the channel 18 in a quantity which is determined by the screw spindle 19.

The steam penetrates at the same time through conduits 15 and 16 into the annularchamber 14C surrounding the central body 13 and effects the heating Vof the channel 18 thereby producing an intense vaporization of the rawnaphthalene circulating in the said channel'.

The gas or vapour of' naphthalene leaving the channel 118 passes into the nozzle 23 and is distributed in the two tubular branches 24 of the sprayer 21'. The said branches have a smaller section'at. their end owing to theirl conicall shape, therefore an increase of speed y is produced at the outlet of gas through the orifices 25 and the said gas slides on the surfaces 26 in order to abut against the vertical partitions 27. The shock ot the gas against the partitions produces a. complete spraying ofthe fuel', the intimate mixture of which with Vthe atmospheric air brought by the valve 6 into the chamber 3 and afterwafrdsAintol the box 9 forms an inflammable combustible fluid, the length of the flame being adjusted by ya flap 7 of the chamber 4.

Tn Ygasiiiers y,for oil b=urner,the regularity of'wo-rk depends mainly on the arrangement of the box bringing air tothe, oil conduit.

As the mounting of the said .two conduits depends on the local circumstances of the plant, it is absolutely necessary to make the box Ifor the air inlet capable of being taken to pieces` inl order tobe able to position it, inthe chamber of the gasifier according to' the position oi' the air conduit in, such a manneras to prevent the oil from penetrating into the said conduit in case that the screwspindle lwould not ensure agregular fiowv of oil, V

' To this end, the end of the. outercasinglil forminga yflange' on which is mounted the box 9, provided with iixedlbolts 29 (see Figs. 5, `6 and 7) inl a variable number cor-V y responding `to notches; 30 provided on the periphery o i'fthe flangeof theA box 9.

According to the position oi4 the vconduit oil-fair inlet on whichI is, branched the'valve chamber of theoutercasing 1, the box 9 may be positioneduby yrotating it aroundv itself and byfbringingone .Qrthe lother of the notches 30. opposite 'iix'ed bolts 29 in. such a manner hat the .orificel 10i-'or .the inlet Voi" air Shall be situated-.in the diametrically ops pQsite, diGQtion to that of the conduit for anima er an, ihesaid,

orifice being situ,- the box 9 as illusconduit QI Jthe air ated at theuprl Part '0f trat/ed in FigQ when the Lastly, the box for Vthe air inlet of the' I gasifiers more especially used for hardening or melting furnaces may be rendered capable of being taken to pieces with the corresponding oil conduit during the operation. 1n this case arms 31 are mounted upon iixed bolts 29 of the ears of the outer casing 1, said armsl being maintained on the bolts by means of a nut permitting them to-pivot.

The said arms are prolonged by heels 32 which', when the arms are horizontally placed bear upon the flange of the boxy 9Iin such 'a manner as to keep it applied against the flange of the outer casing.

The oil is brought into the box 9fthrou`gh a fiexiblie pipe 33 mounted on the lateral wall of the box and leading to the sprayer 21 in such a manner as to render the said pipe 23 flexible and thesprayer 21 integral with the box 9 and regulating spindl'e'19 operated by its hand wheely 20.

In order toA take to pieces the box 9 and members withv which it is provided during the operation, it is therefore enough to reversethe two lever arms 31 as shown by the mixed lines in Fig. 8 by ivoting them on` bolts 29 in such a manner that their heels 32 disengage the iiange of the box 9; it is theneasy to seize the hand wheel 20 and, to pull out the whole of the box 9 so as to make it leavefthe apparatus together'with theoil conduit 33 and the sprayer 21.

From what precedes, it is seen that gasiliers thus constructed have numerous ad-y vantages. Their adjusting is obtained with rapidity and with thel greatest precision. The quantity of air which is necessary for the mixture of the fuel is adjusted with a precision such that themixture is completed and does not produce any smoke or soot.,

ljlxcessivelyI vfine spraying is always ensuredwhatever the quantity of fuel brought into the apparatus may be. Lastly, the fuel Hows automatically into the burner under its natural pressureso that neither an yobstruction nor a stopping can be produced.

v What I claim is 1T Agaifying burner for unid' fue,

ber arranged inside the outer casing for the liquid fuel and atmospheric air, an orifice provided in the wall of the mixing chamber communicating with one of the chambers that communicates with the air inlet pipe, a conduit for admitting fuel to the mixing chamber, an annular heating jacket surrounding the said fuel admission conduit, a screw spindle for regulating the feed of fuel to the conduit, means provided on the said spindle for operating it from the outside, a sprayer lixed on the inner end of the fuel admission conduit, the said sprayercomprising two tubular flattened nozzles having tapering ends for increasing the outlet speed of the fuel, sufaces extending from the nozzles and vertical partitions on the said surfaces for dividing up the fuel.

2. A gasifying burner as claimed in claim 20 l, having a i'lange on the mixing chamber serving for mounting the latter u on the outside casing, notches on the perip ery of notches, whereby the mixing chamber cany be positioned relatively to the chamber which communicates with both the inlet pipe and the mixing `chamber, insuch a manner that the oriiice in the wall of the mixing chamber which establishes the communication with the said chamber lies on the side diametrically opposite to that of the air inlet conduit.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

EMIL MENGER.

Witnesses CARL BUGHMUER, GUSTAVE GOLTZENHEIMER.

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