US1456985A - Nailing concrete - Google Patents

Description

106. COMPOSITIONS,

, following is a specifi floors must be comparatively nails are used. as a COATING OR PLASTIC. 9 9

Patented May 29, r

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Jon E. Kmnsr, a citizen of the United States, residing at 44 Washington Avenue, New Rochelle, in the county of VVestchester and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Nailing Concrete, of which the cation.

The invention has to do with nailing concrete, that is to say, Portland cement concrete into which nails eanbereadily driyen and whifilijs'he'ietofore been used mainly as a nailing base for floors and roofs in firenm ibufldfi sncnstrnefic The 1- ing quality of these concretes is obtained by the incorporation in the mixture of an appropriate proportion of asbestos fiber, the comparatively cheap, very s 0 ber grades being suitable for this purpose. Sand or an equivalent filler is used as is customary in concrete mixtures, the sand or other materials preferably being fipe, as coarse particles interfere with th enetration of the nails. The amount of asbestos fiber used varies somewhat according to the grade, and depends in the main on the purpose to which the concrete is to be put. For example, a nailing concrete for a nailing base for wood hard, because of the necessity for high holding power on the nails, eight-penny wrought iron nails being customarily used in this class of work. For roofs, on the other hand, soft copper rule to nail the finished roofings, and consequently the concrete must be softer. This so-called hardness of nailing concrete can be controlled by the amount of asbestos fiber in the mixture, the higher percentage of asbestos fiber producing the softer concrete. Depending upon conditions, the amount of asbestos in these mixtures 'may vary from total aggregate weight of the whole mixture prior to the addition of water.

The present invention is based upon the discovery that a much better nailing concrete can be produced by the incorporation of a certain percentage of pulverized s l a t e ,in the mixture. The nailing concrete obabout TO% to 30% of the some E. xnnrsr, or new ROCHELLE, NEW YOR.

NAILING concnnrn.

Application filed November 14, 1922. Serial No. 600,960.

ing, and because of the presence of the pulverized slate, there is materially increased compressive friction, which causes the nails to be held more powerfully than heretofore. From the structural standpoint, also, the value of the material is increased because of the greater density, and the high compressive and tensile strength, particularly compressive strength, resulting from the use of the pulverized slate, in mixtures such as are contemplated.

The increase in structural strength obtained in this way is so marked that it becomes possible to adapt nailing concrete, heretofore generally available only as a nailing base, for the production of structural roof and floor slabs withbuilding code requirements.

The addition of the pulverized slate also has the important efl'ect of rendering the concrete less absorbent of moisture, or comparatively Water-proof. The pulverizg i slate p ipillfhbithe...asbestos n the or 1- nary mixtures, that is to say, less asbestos is used when the slate is added. Tests also show that the pulverized slate in the concrete has binding qualities, and consequently by using a certain percentage of the slate, it is possible to reduce the quantity of Portland cement employed in the mixture, W1 a consequent reduction in cost.

. The proportion of pulverized slate will necessarily vary in different mixtures and for specific purposes, but generally speaking, a, percentage of pulverized slate complying fully.

amounting from about one-third to one-Half shown that the following illustrative mixtures produce excellent results.

No.1-For wood oors (nwlling has By weight. B11 volume. Portland cement 188 lbs. 2 cu.ft. Screened sand 720 8 Pulverized slate; 25 i Asbestos fiber 75 1! No.2For r00 a mailing base may? Portland cement 188 lbs. 2 cu. ft. Screened sand 360 4 Pulverized slate 50 1 Asbestos fiber 2i No. 3-For structural r 0,0

alabs (slab Mariam my basecomb'med). Portland cement 188 lbs. 2 cu. ft. Screened sand 36 4 Pulverlzed slate 25 i Asbestos fiber 75-" 1! To meet different conditions it will naturally necessary to have other mixentirely of asbestos fiber in ver short form, but other grades'fof asbestos or asfi's'tos mulae supplied. The concrete is made by residie'may be used.

or purposes of comparison with the illustrative mixtures Nos. 1 and 2, two mix;

tures that have commonly been used in the past for the same purpose and composed of the same ingredients, lacklng, however, the pulverlzed slate, are. set down:

For wood floors. By weight. By volume.

corporation of the pulverized slate and in addition, it is possible to employ mixtures such as No. 3 for roof or floor slabs.

In the use of the invention, it will be found convenient for the manufacturer to provide a mixture of the asbestos fiber and ulyerized slate to be sh pped 7 in bags to clliierent localities and there comb ned on the spot with the Portland cementand sand or its 'equivalefitfin accordance 'with"for-' mixing the ingredients together and adding water proper amount to cause the cement to set. The concrete when set and dried out is nailable and always remains so, and possesses the improved and additional characteristics due to the presence of pulverized slate.

What is claimed as new is:

gortlang 061158111; %%%lbs. 3 cu. ft. A 1 t f 1 creene san 7 7 Asbestosflber 100 u nal g concrete mm r or s c u a For m slabs comprismg cement, said. asbestos fiber o}t1angcem;nt 3331 i and pulver1zec} slate in approximate procreene an s Asbestosfiber 200 p n s to ows. Mixtures of this character are greatly cemmt 188 2 lmproved and may be cheapened by the lIl- San 360 Asbestos 75 lbs. 1% cu. ft.

Pulverized slate--- 25 lbs. 5} cu. ft.

JOHN E. KLEIST.