US1456806A - Monolithic building - Google Patents

Description

5 Sheets-Sheet -l 5f. m JMW May l29, 1923.

' 4 C. J. M. LANCETTE MoNoLITHIC BUILDING Filed Ma'y 2l 1920 Fig?.

May 29, 1923.

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C. J. M. LANCETTE MONOLITHIC BUILDING Figli).

Filed May 21. 192g).

C. J. M. LANCETTE MoNoLITHLc BUILDING May 29, 1923.

Filed May 2l 1920 Figli.

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5 Sheets-Sheet 5 MIM/Wm fl| elw? zn /Vzrz'e [ancelle May 29, 1923. 1,456,806

C. J. M. LANCETTE MoNoLITHIc BUILDINGA Filed May 21 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 ILV,

INVENTUR r/e677?,

May 29, 1923.

' C. J. M. LA NCETTE MONOLITHI C BUILDING Filed May 2l 1920 Uil Fig. I9,

HZ M90 crete unit will be moulded, comprising an Patented May 29, i923.

CSAR JEAN MARIE LANcETrE, or PARIS, FRANCE.A i

IVIONOLITHIC BUILDING.

Application ined May 21,`

To all whom t may concern -Be it known that l, GsAR JEAN -MARm LANcn'rrncitizen of the Republic of F rance, and` resident of Paris, Seine, France (post-l otiice address 74 Bue de Rivoli), have invented a new and useful Monolithic Build-v ing, which improvement-s are fully'set forth in the following specification.

The present invention relates to the construction of permanent monolithic buildings, and it comprises various improvements hereinafter fully described.

According to the invention, there are utilized reinforced concrete columns', girders, panels etc., with or without ornamentation as desi'red, ofthe total height of each story of the building; and these elements, which have been previously moulded at the works, are joined together in a special manner during the construction of the building. Portions of theconcrete are cut away during the molding for the purpose of exposing the ends of the reinforcing wires, which ends have previously been formed into loops or eyes. These .eyes are arranged in juxtaposed relation, so that they `may be fastened together by means of rods or pins which are insertedl through them. InA this way the various elements are securely connected to one another; and since the aforesaid wires extend in all directions, both vertically and horizontally, a homogeneous, monolithic building is thereby produced.

The same procedure is followed in building staircases, roofing framework, Cupolas or domes and roofs, as well as pillars and lintels of doors and windows, with or without| ornamentation, sills and balconies. In the last-named case, a single reinforced con? entire bay with the dormer, sills and balcony slabs,` the jambs of the dormer openings eX- tending above theflevel of the upper story' and offering the double advantage of forming the framework and pillars of ythe front walls. The aforesaid units, after havingv been removed from the moulds, but before the concrete has completely set, may be provided with irou fittings to receive the window frames and doorsvwhich are likewise constructed of reinforced concrete at the works.v y

lnorderl to prevent any undue caving 'in of the members of the hollow front walls, and. in order to render them better insulators as regards the outside temperature, a series vcof Fig. l'.

192e. serial No'. 353,164

ofcement or plaster battens of the width of the space between the wall members will be arranged, during the erection of the build-.

against the -outer panel before'the inner panel isputin position, the saidbat-l tens resting on flat brackets, also of cement` or plaster. 1 v

As regards the rooting, the same method is employed for manufacturing tiles yh aving a special cross-section ensuring a tight j oint and having a strength sufficient to dispense,

in fan advantageous and economical manner,l

with Yframework purlins, common rafters', ba'ttens and lat-hing, owing'tothe'said'tiles resting on the main rafters of thet'russes, to which the said-tilesi-will be secured.

The invention lis also applicable to the construction of spouts, and the Y like g spires, pillars, churches gutters, waste-pipes domes, cupolas, campaniles;

arches,- walls yand roofs ofA l sewers of small or large "cross-H section; pavements or flags of reinforce`d` Fig. 2' is a detail 'view in horizontal sec- Fig. 6 is a detail of the postsl or uprights tion of the posts a of Fig.' l.

F 3 is a similar detail yof the posts o,

y' I" ,i 'Y Y Figl Aavis a-detail of the casing jambs c ofFigl. i i Fig. 5 is a kdetail of the double posts` or Fig. 7 is 'as detail of the hookco-nnect-ion of Fig". 6.

Sis a vertical sect-ion online C' C of Fig. l, with parts in side elevation';

Fig.` 9 is a perspective yview partly in vertical 'section online B B of Fig. l.'

Fig.v l0 is a transverse line D D of Fig. ll'.

Fig. ll is a vertical detail section relating to part g of Fig; 8. f Fig. l2 is a vertical detail `section relating to part 7L of Fig. 8.

13 is a vertical detail section "on line E E of Fig. l2.y

ing different details.

vertical section'onj .1110v Figslt to 17 are vertical sections s'howy inserted g Fig.

Figs. 18 and 19 are sectional perspective views of other details.

Fig. 20 is a sectional perspective view of a sewer construction.

Fig. 2l is aver-tical section of a slightly modified form of sewer.

Fig. 22 is a vertical detail section relating to parts m n o Z of Fig. 20 and parts p g r s of Fig. 2l.

Fig. 23 is a horizontal section passing through lines F F and F F of Fig. 2l.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, Figure l represents a portion of the ground floor of a house, showing the main walls a and b and `partitions c constituted by posts or uprights having junction wings or flanges for connection to double panels of reinforced concrete, the attachment being effected by hooking together the ends of the reinforcing wires and then sealing the joints with cement, as indicated in broken lines disposed at an angle of 450, this feature being shown more clearly on an enlarged scale in Figs. 2 to 6.

As indicated in said figures, the posts are approximately of H-section, and the reinforcing wires extend at opposite ends through their wings or flanges and are provided with terminal eyes or loops, through which suitable connecting pins or wires are 7 representing such arrange ment on a still larger scale. Figs. 5 and 6 show columns Z and e of great strength, constructed by connecting 'together a plurality of these flanged or winged posts which may be cut away to expose the reinforcing wires for the purpose of forming the eyes or loops above referred to, the posts also providing the mark rabbets. rl`he empty spaces in the said pillars can be filled lup with concrete at the building yards, if it is desired to obtain a greater resistance to eXtra loads; and when it is question` for instance of bridge piers, then in such cases care will be taken during the mouldingof the posts to leave projecting every 25 to 30 cm. in the direction of height, and every l0 to l5 cm. in the direction of width, round steel wires of 8 to l0 mm. oc-

cupying the whole width of the empty space or hollow, and terminating in hooks so as to 'form a reinforcement for the concrete core that will be cast.

It will be' seen that in the case of those' iosts only which are connected together by means of suitable wings, the mark rabbet, which will ingerely give the appearance of a stone joint, is situated in the hollow of the pillar, necessitating, on the spot and during the erecting. positive connection and sealing on vthe two surfaces, the external or front one of which makes it necessary to effect a plastering joint; but this will not be the case for the posts on the front face when the latter, as f in Fig. l, has bays with spaced piers, in which instance the mark rabbet will always have to be in front so as to represent merely a stone jointand the hooking of the wires and the sealing will be eected in the hollow of the wall before the positioning of the second inner panel which will have the niark rabbet necessarily concealed in the hollow of the wall, the hooking of the wires and the sealing being effected on the face seen from the interior of the house. For making the partition walls, the mark rabbet (Fig. 2) will be concealed in the hollow of the wall, the hooking of the wires and the sealing being effected on the two faces seen from the interior. The posts of these walls will be spaced at variable distances apart which can be as much as 3 meters, and the filling panels will be in a single piece corresponding in length to such distances, and of the total height of each story, being secured to the girders in the saineI manner, so that a hooking of the reinforcing wires in every direction results, thus ensuring monolithic construction. Y

Fig. 8 gives a general view of a building with sin stories and a ground floor, the view being' partly in section taken vertically through the bays. lt will be seen thatthe points of junction of the various elements of the fioors and ceilings are indicatedv by broken lines.`

Fig. 9 is a vertical cross-section like Fig.

S, but passing through the entrance door on the ground Hoor and through the piers of all the stories, showing the double panels of the front wall, which are in a single .piece throughout the whole height of each story between the girders to which they are total height of each story of the building. j* These panels are connected together be-v tween girders moulded as aboveY describedy and provided with joints which enable their connection to the horizontal floor and ceiling panels or slabs which rest moreover on hollowgirders arranged about every two meters.

Fig. 1l is a vertical section illustrating` ,i

the detail construction of the part f/ in Fig. S, showing a balcony slab with a cornice, forming a single element moulded in one piece with the hollow girder. rlrhe two wings or flanges of the girder are arranged so as to receive the fioor and ceilingslabs and the lintel of the bay and the jambe` which comprise in one and the same single element the balcony floor, the dormer and the splays of reinforced concrete as already described, as well as the connection t such as it is obtained in moulding in order to make possible the arrangement of the mark rabbe Fig. 12 is a detail section illustrating the small balcony and cornice indicated at 7L in Fig. 8; it has the same characteristic features as Fig. 11.

Fig. 13 illustrates on an enlarged scale the fastening or hooking together of the ends of the wireswith eyes by means of a headedbrad or pin; and the hooking together of the horizontal panel wires on the.

same principle, but by means of a rod, one endA of which forms a stop hook. while the other passes through several eyes and in its turn be secured` by a cotter pin that is inserted through a hole in the rod; said pin, however, will be unnecessary as the vertical arrangement of the rod will maintain it in position during the building operation until it is finally secured by the cement joint.

Fig. 14 is a sectional view showing lletails ofthe above-mentioned rabbet, and also showing the cutting away to uncover or expose the eye ends of the juxtaposed wires.

Fig. 15 is a detail of one of the vertical wall panels (or of the floor slabs), the cuttingv away of the panel (or slab) rendering visible the eye ends of the wires, through the axis of which is passed a steel pin provided at one end with a stop head and secured at the other end by a Cotter pin, as already described.

Fig. 16 is a view similar to Fig. 14 but representing a slightly modified construction of the ends of the wire. One of the two moulded elements is provided with wires formed with double eyes, constituting a female member, while the wires of the other element are provided at their ends with male members in the form of single eyesfor engagement with the double eyes, as shown in Fig. 17. 1t will be seen that this modified construction enables the wires to be arranged in the'same axis, which is an advantage in the case of horizontal gir-ders.

Fig. 1S illustrates the manner of joining or bonding the wall panels and the floor and ceiling slabs. The bays form a onepiece. moulded element c L c d comprising the bay, the casing, the dormer and the balcony slab (the latter being indicated in dotted lines so as to show the joining or bonding.

Fig. 19 is generally similar to Fig. 18, and represents the girders and the pillars constituting the frame `work of the building, but omitting the panels with their rabbeted and cut joints obtained during the moulding. The bays form a one-piece, moulded element a b c cl, and the girders m n', n o', .0 Z', while Fig. 21 shows a generally similar arrangement of the panel elements 7) g', p r', r s', a Lg', and also shows the formation of va strengthening rib.

Fig. 22 shows the joint between the adjacent edges of two of the panels represented in Figs. 20 and 21 and'F ig1'23 shows in detail the strengthening rib which is also represented in Fig. 21.

l claim as my `invention 1. A monolithic building of one or more stories, comprisingv hollow vertical walls embodying` pairs of spaced, reinforced concrete panels; verticalcolumns of reinforced concrete to which said panels are secured along their contiguous longitudinal edges; and horizontal girders of reinforced concrete to which said panels are secured at their upper and lower ends; the panels of each story of the building extending the entire height of that story and having their reinforcements connected at their ends to the adjacent ends of the reinforcements of contiguous columns and girders, so that the connected reinforcements extend in all directions.

2. A monolithic building of one or more stories, comprising hollow vertical walls embodying pairs of spaced, reinforced concrete panels; horizontal girders of reinforced concrete to which said panels are secured at their upper and lower ends, .each panel of each story of the building extending the entire height of that story; and horizontal beams disposed at intervals within the spaces between thel panels to divide them into longitudinal cells.

3. A monolithic building of one or more stories7 comprising hollow vertical walls embodying pairs of vspaced reinforced conrrete panels; and horizontal walls embodying reinforced concrete girders having upper and lo ver' flanges to which the lower and upper ends of said panels are secured, and

also having lateral flanges at opposite sides,

and floor and ceiling slabs secured at ,their edges to the adjacent lateral flanges of contiguous girders; the panels of each story of carry at' the building extending the entire height of that story.

e. In a monolithic structure, a pair of pre-formed concrete elements having metal reinforcing members embedded therein which are formed at opposite ends with elongated eyelets, the members in one element being arranged av'pproninnitely in end- Wise alineinent with those in the other eleznentso that the eyelets on the con'ircnting ends of said inernloers will substantially register with each other, ande fastening inember inserted through said registering eyelets, the confronting trices of concrete elements having portions thereof cut away to expose said eyelets nd fastening members and permit their being fastened together; end a. concrete filling in the space iforined by said cut-away portions to hond the elements together. l

5. In a monolithic structure, a` pair of preformed concrete elements having nietal reinforcing members embedded therein, and L rod disposed between the confronting faces other, and the parts at theopposite side lceing- 'Haired away from each other and ronghened; and e concrete filling in said e sgaee to hond the elements together.

in testimony Whereoi l have signed this specification in the presence of @subscribing Witness.

ersAR EAN MARIE LANCETTE.

lVitness:

ALPI-ionen N'icoLs.

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