US1453556A - Door latch and lock - Google Patents

Description

May 1, 1923. 1,453,556

H. A.' THEXTQN l DOOR LATCH AND LOCK Filed July 20, 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet l H. A. THEXTON DOOR LATCH AND LOCK May 1923.

Filed July 20, 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 ma M u E,

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May l, 1923.

n 1,453,556 H. A. THEXTON DooR LATCH AND Locx Filed July 20, 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 en/y Mery/zlf, aix #Infra/Faas Y Patented May 1, 1923.

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' Y noos. LeTcHANn LocK.

eppiicetigp ined Jiny 2e, 1920. serieu NQ. 357,625.

To 'zVZZ 107mm t may concer/n.5 1

Be it known that I, HENRY A, THEXTON, a citizen .of the UnitedStates, residing'at Minneapolis, in the'county of Hennepin and State of iMinnesota, have invented 'certain new and useful improvements in Door Latches' and Loeks; and l dohereby declare the following to bea 'ull,clear,'and exact description of thel invention, such as will en,- able others 4skilled inthe art to whichit appertains to make and use the same. v

My invention has for-its' object to provide an improved door' latch and-lock; and,4v to this end, my invention lconsists of the novel devices andcombinations of devices' hereinafter described.anddeiiried in the claims.`

The faccompan'ying rawings illustrate my invention in its preferred form,

In said drawings, like notations Yreferring tomlike parts throughout the lseveral views,

Fig. l1 vis aview in side,elevationshowing my improved latch andlock inv working position, inrespect to a door and door post,

with portions of the door and post broken away; Y l.

Fig'. 2 is a view of the same parts asshown i in Fig. 1, partly inside elevation'and partly in vertical section, with some portions broken away Fig. 3 isa horizontal longitudinal section on the line of Figs. land 2,;

Y away;

"Fig 4 is a vertical cross section on the line 4 4 of Figs. 1 and 2;

Fig. 5 is a vertical cross section onthe :line

5,5 .Of Fia 3;

Fig. 6 is a view, chiefly in horizontal section, taken lengthwise through ythe rotary y rig; s is a @foss stammt theiock 0n the linee-8 vor Fig. 6, with'the parts in the same'position shown in Fig. ,6

Fig. 10`is a perspective View of a pa-rt of Fig-9 is a plfn View of thelockingtumlth door with I'the base platefsectionof the lOCk @Sing in position ithereon'but with f 'face plate section of the'casing and spring` pressed boltremoved;"v

Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing part;` lof the door post land fthe base section ofthe two-section'keeper shown in`Fi s.' '1,'2an`d'3,

Fig.l is a perspective 'view of the other or catch section of said' twofpiece or two'-y sectionkeeperdetached'; i

`Fig-13 is a perspective view of the :face plate or cover section of 7the `latch vand lock casing detached; and n door, the hinges (not shown) olfwhich are Fig. 1 4 is a perspective view 'of thejfhollow bolt detachedand, lturned overl'onits side, so as to 'look'into the interior thereof thriough assumed vto beapplied at the"fleft1 side of the f il saine. .The numeral -16 representsv the 'adjacent or right-hand door post. 'The mimerals 1'( and 18 represent., respectively, the base plate'and the faceplate or cover sections o-f. the two-part lock casing, shown asl semble'd in Figs'l, 2 and', and 'shown sepan rated froinjeafch other in Figs.`'10"andflg.

rlhe said Fha-se plate -17 and face or `colver plate 18 are adapted to be secured together and to thedoor`15 by screws 19 working throughregistering holes inthe l'two plates, when the parts are in working position, .and the face or cover vplate 18 is. of such shape as to aiiord a seat for a hollow bolt2t), when said two plates Vare 'so secured in` working position'. i f

rihefbase plate 17 is provided with a spring 'base Vor base Aof resistance 21 and a boltY stop Vor abutment 22, which'parts `are* shown as formed by stamping `them out of a body of the `bolt plate and 'turning them i inward, until they stand at right angles to the body of the base plate' yand `parallel to eaeh other, asbest shown in Fig. 10. i'Ihe hollow bolt 20 'is provided with a' eorre' spending spring basev or base cl2"resistanee` 25, which is' shownas formed' by pressingv the saine out'i-romtlie faee'fofthe-hollow bolt and turning the same inward until. it stands at right angles thereto, as lbestshown in Figs. Sand 'lef The numeral 24 reprey sents a coiled'spring' which,` when :coinlvv 4from the face of the hollow bolt 20, when suitably compressed to the requisite tension, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and will then, thereafter, tend to move the bolt outward to its limit for bringing its bevel faced nose into latching position. This limit is made a variable one, by providing in the hollow bolt 20 a series of stop seats 25, shown as formed by registering slots cut out in the top and bottom walls of the hollow bolt 20, and into any desired one of which seats may be placed a hookheaded piece 26, which is of a length to pass through the bolt and depend therefrom, with its lower end in position to serve as a trigger for the bolt, while its body portion within the bolt will be in position to contact with the abutment. 22 projecting from the base plate 1'? of the casing, and thereby limit i the travel of the bolt, under itsk actuating bined stop and trigger.

spring 24. The bolt 20 is shown as -prof vided with three of these seats 25 for the .combined stop and trigger 26; and hence,

tive to each other is, therefore, available directly in the latch and lock itself, by simply making the necessary adjustments of the said combined stop and trigger 26 to properly vary the travel of the bolt, under the action of its spring 24.

The numerals 27 and 28 represent, respectively, the base plate and the catch plate of the two-part or two-section keeper, for co-operation with the bolt of the latch and lock. The base plate 2'? of the two-part keeper is shown as provided with vertical slot-s 29, for adjustably securing the same to the door post 16 by screws 30 working with their stems extending through. the said slots, as shown in Fig. 1l. rEhe said section 27 is provided with end flanges 31, conveniently formed by turning over its end portions. and is also shown as provided with a stop ange 32 projecting from its outer edge. The catch plate 28 is of the proper shape to receive the end of the bolt 20 and is provided with end flanges 33, adapted to engage the guide flanges 31, and has a closed inclined back adapted to abut the stop flange 32 projecting from the section 27,'when the parts are in proper Working position, relative to each other, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The bolt 20 is shown as provided with a screw-threaded handle stem34, adapted to be engaged by the interior thread of a handle 35 which, when the parts are in working position, projects through the base plate 17 of the casing and a suitably elongated slot `36 in the door 15, as best shown in Fig. 3, for the operation of the bolt from the inside of the. door.

The hollow bolt 20 is shown as provided on the rear end of its face with an inwardly extending flange 37 adapted to engage with any desired one of several notches in a lock rib 38 extending lengthwise of and projecting from a rotary locking tumbler 39 suitably seated in a bearing block 40 fixed to the face plate 17, as best shown in Fig. 10. The

rear end of this tumbler 39 projects outward through the bearing block 40 and is shown as provided with a handle head 39a. This tumbler 39 is provided with a key-way 41 extending lengthwise thereof in the plane of its axis, as best shown in Fig. 9 of the proper shape to receive through its outer end a controlling key 42, as best shown in Fig. 6. In other words, the key 42 is a fiat key and the key-way 41 is adapted to receive the same. The block 40, in which the tumf bler 39is seated, is provided with a springseated locking detent 43, as best shown in Figs. 3 and 6, the inner end of which is adapted to engage with a socket 44 formed in the periphery ofthe tumbler 39 and opening into the key-way 41. The key 42 is provided with two diametrically opposite inclined faced noses 45 interchangeably adapted to engage the inner end of the detent 43, when the keyis pushed inward to its limit within its seat in the tumbler 39,

and, by the camming action ofthe nose on n the end of the detent 43, to force the latter outward and thereby release the tumbler from its locked position. The key 42 is provided with a pair of diametrically opposite notches 42L on each of itsl opposite edges; the tumbler 39 is provided with a corresponding pair of annular grooves 39h; and the block 40 is provided with a pair of corresponding pins 40 projecting radially in ward from the tumbler seat, with the two in line with each other and slightly staggered circumferentially, in respect to the locking detent 43, as best shown in Figs. 6 and 7, and which pins 40a are adapted to engage the annular grooves 39b of the tumbler and the notches 42'l of the key 42, thereby permitting the key and the tumbler vto be ro tated together by the key into unlocking position. The reason why the pins 40EL are staggered, in respect to the locking detent 43, is to permit the key42 to be inserted into into its seat. .it is possible to place the tum bler 39 into its seat within the bearing block 40, for the reason that the key-way 41 is first formed open at its top, for the full length of the tumbler shaft, and is of such size in cross section that, when the tumbler 39 is brought to such position that the key-way 41 will register or alignwith the pins 40a the tumbler can be pushed into its seat an end of which, the outermost lug of the lock v riblwill come up against a. banking or stop shoulder y40b lof the bearing block 40 and stop the :further rotation of the key and the tumbler, and when this occurs, the lock rib' 38 will have become disengaged from the flange 37 of the hollow bolt 20 and the bolt will be unlocked. The number of notches in the lock rib 38 correspond to the num ber of seats 25 for'the combined stop and trigger 26 carried by the bolt 20; and hence, in all of the adjustments of said combined stop and trigger, the flange 37v of the hollow bolt willengage the proper corresponding notch of the lock rib 38, when the bolt is in locking position. The tumbler 39 can be turned into locking position byl hand, and,

when in this'position, the lock rib 38 will come up against a vertical banking or. stop shoulder 40c of the bearing block 40 (shown in Fig. 7 -When the tumbler has been disengaged'trom the locking detent 43 by the key 42 and turned thereby into its unlocked position, the detent 43 will'engage witha concave or cam action seat 39 formed on the periphery of' the tumbler (see Fig.l 8) ninetydegrees apa-rt yfrom the locking detent socket 44 therein. This same unlock ing rotary motion of the tumbler, effected by the key 42, released -the lock rib 38 from the flange37 of the hollow bolt, as before noted: andthe spring-actuated bolt 20 will then be in position for'u'sageas an ordinary spring latch'. 'The inclined or' cam-acting surface of thel seat 39, then engaged` bv the end ot the det'ent 43, will afford enough resistance against any sliding motion of the bolt to prevent it from jarring loose from its door-latching position, or otherwise stated, any shaking of the door, however produced, but this resistance is not great enough to prevent the bolt Jfrom beingmoved by hand, or the camming actionot its beveled outer end, Vwhen the latter strikes the edge of the catch section' 28 of the keeper, under the closing motion of the door. j

For' the saine' reason, to wit: the slight ref sistance aii'orded by the cam-acting surface of the seat 39C, when engaged by the detent v43, the tumbler' canybe rotated into its locking position by hand, thus enabling' the bolt to be" locked' in' itsdoor-closing position, without theuse of thekey. Tliefbolt cannot. however, be released Jfrom its locking position without the use yot' the key 42'. Ditfe'rent locks -a-ud'the keys for the saine will have the annulargrooves 39b ottheir respective vtumblersand the corresponding notches 43 of their respectivekeysf differently located andthe pins 40a in the bearing seat 'ot the tumbler will Ibc, correspondingly located in different positions, so that only one key will' tit one lock. j l

From the foregoing description, it must be obvious that my mechanism is adapted to be used, either as anordinary spring latch or as a. lock, as occasion may demand andl that it is interchangeably right or left, so as to apply to'doors hinged at either of the two opposite edges or to either of the'two opposite sides of a door and its cooperating door post. It has also been noted that'the throw of the bolt may beadjusted to conil pensate tor shrinkage of the door and post relative to each other. From the fact thaty the base section 27 of the two-part keeper, made up of the sections l"27 and 28, is provided with the slots 29 through which its securing screws 30 are applied, it follows that the keeper maybe adjusted on a postv to compensate :tor the sagging of thedoor` or the post, relative to each other. y

The tace plate or cover sectionv 18 'ofthe casing is so shaped, in respect to the base plate 17 of the casing and theparts carried by the casing made up ol these sections, that the downwardly projecting end oi'fthe com,4 bined stop and trigger 26, carried by the boltV 20, can only be taken hold'oi' bythe lingers of a-persons hand, underreaching the lower edge of a downwardly projecting partlao'l" its face wall. .ln other.words,this" downwardly projecting portion 3 8 of 'the tacer wall ofthe cover section 18 extends for the lfull length of the possible travel ot said combined stop and trigger 26 with the bolt` 20, and, at all tinies,"will guard said trigger from being reached by f the horns. of cattle seeking to open the door. persons, Jfamiliar with 'the handlnig of cattle in barnsa are well aware oi the tact that innnearly every,herd,y

there is likely to be one or more animals who get wise enough to a lockte open it with their horns, it' they can vreachthe latch there! by, much in the sanie way as 'such so-called their holdingstanchions. W7 hen my mecha "wise' cowsv willi releasetheinselves., Ytrom i nisrn is used'on cattle barns,it is usually ap! f pliedto the inside of adoor anddoor post".

and the saidv guarding portions18?L ot the tace of the'pcov'er sectionl 18 otthecasing then becomes eiiective to prevent 4'thebolt 'from being opened'` by the cattle.` l

lllthough capableofthe numerous tunic-v" tions above stated, it must be obvious that my 14,1echanism, is extremely simple and parts caribe cheap to make. Most of its stamped upvout of sheet metal.

rrEhe practicability land utility ofiny'imi n proved latch and lock has been demonst'rated bythe actual commercial usageof'thesame.

lt willbe understbod,v ofcourse, thatfmore L'l Il orv less ot the details could be changed with-` out departing from the spirit oi' the invention. i

What l claim is l. A lock having in combination rectangular boizlile bolt ot sheet metal, a boi;- lile casing enclosing the same and having a tongue-bent up from one side thereol: forining a stop Ytor the bolt, said bolt having spaced tongues pressed therein at opposite sides forming slots, and an adjustable stop and trigger member adapted to be received same, oit a stop abutmenton the casing, a

series ot interchangeably usable .stop seats in said bolt, and a combined bolt trigger and stop insertable into any of said seats, according to 'the throw desired and projecting into position to be used as a trigger to retract the bolt against the tension of its spring, substantially as described.

4. l'n a door latch, the combination with a spring-pressed bolt, of a casing made up ot a base plate'section carrying the bolt and its controlling' devices, and :o tace plate section adapted to be separably secured to said base plate section and to encase the bolt in either of two endwise reversed positions ot the bolt and base plate, whereby the latch is rendered interchangeably right or left, as may be desired` substantially7 as described.

`5. ln adoor latch, the combination with a spring-pressed bolt and a rotary holding tumbler, of co-operative engaging parts on,-

the bolt and the tumbler adapted to be brouffht into engagement by rotating the tumbler when the bolt is at the limit of its spring-pressed throw to hold the same in `its latching position, substantially as described.v

6. ln a door latch, the combination with a spring-pressed bolt, ot means adjustable,l

at will, for varying the throw of the bolt, a holding tumbler, and co-operative engag-A ing parts on the bolt and the tumbler, one set ot which is in a series spaced apart from each other lengthwise ot1` the element carrying the same, whereby the said tumbler may be made to hold the bolt inits vlatching position in any of its predetermined limits of travel, substantially` as described.

'7. ln a door latch, the combination with a variable throw spring-pressed bolt having a holding` flange, of a rotary holding tumbler having a holding rib with a series of notches 'for interchangeable engagement with said tlange of said bolt according toy the length of the bolts throw to hold the bolt in its latching position, substantially as described. j

8. in a door lochu thecombination with a spring-pressed bolt a casing, of a rotary locking tu bier in said casing provided with a kel.' seat extending 'centrally lengthwise thereotand having on its periphery a seateiitending. into the lreyway for receiif'ing locking detent, and a spring-actig locking detent in said casing adapted to engage said socket to hold the tumbler and bolt in their locked position and which detent is subject to a camming action from the key to release the tumbler and latch from their locked position, substantially as described.

-9. In a door lock, the combination with a spring-pressed bolt and a casing, of a rotary.

locking tumbler in said casing provided with a key seat for a fiat hey extending centrally lengthwise thereof and having on its periphery a seat extending into said key-way for receiving the end oi"- a locking detent in said casing adapted to engage saidsoclet, and a flat key having at its entering end two oppositely located noses with inclined faces adapted to engage interchangeably with said detent under a camming action to release the tumbler, substantially as described.

l0. in a door lock, the combination with a spring-pressed bolt and a Casing, of a rotary locking tumbler in said casing provided with lrey seat for a dat key extending lengthwise thereof, and a` series of annular grooves on its periphery, of radially disposed pins in the casing, the inner ends ot which. project into said grooves of said tumbler, a locking member in said casing enpngeable with said tumbler to hold the parts in their locked position, and a flat key provided with a pair of diametrically opposite projecting noses adapted to engage with said member under a camming action to release the same and provided with notches corresponding in number and'spacing with said grooves and pins,'whereby, when the key is seated in the tumbler, it may be made to rotate the saine, substantially as described.

ll. In a door lock, the combination with a spring-pressed bolt and a casing for the same, ot a rotary locking tumbler in said casing, co-operative engaging parts on the bolt and tumbler adapted to be broughtinto engagement by rotating the tumbler when the bolt is at the limit' of its spring-pressed throw to hold the same in itsl latching or locking position, a locking detent in said casing adapted to engage a seat in the periphery of said tumbler to hold the parts in their locked position, which tumbler is provided with a key seat extending centrally lengthwise thereof .radially tapped by said detent scat, and, a key insertable into seat and adapted to operate on said detent with a "if camming action to` release'the said parts said tumbler to hold the parts in their locked position, substantially as position, a flat key, and acorrespondingly shaped keyway extending` lengthwise of said tumbler which key is provided with two diametrically opposite inclined faced noses adapted to act on the said detent with a camming action to release the parts from their locked position, substantially as described.

13. ln a door latch and lock, the combination with a variable throw spring-pressed bolt having a holding ange, of a rotary holding tumbler having a holding rib with a series of notches for interchangable engagement with saidv bolt flange, according to the predetermined `throw of the bolt, a

spring-acting locking detent, the` inner end oi" which is engageable with a seat of said' tumbler to hold the parts in their locked position, a at key, a correspondingly shaped key-way extending lengthwise of said tumbler and tapped by said detent seat and which key is provided with two diametrically opposite inclined faced noses adapted to act on the said detent with a camming action to release the parts from their locked I position, whereby saidvtumbler may be ro'- tated into a position to disengage the holding rib from the bolt flange', and an inclined wall or cam-faced socket in' said tumblersy face adapted to be engaged by said springactuated detent when said tumbler is in its v I bolt-releasing position,`whereby lthe bolt will operate as anordinary spring-pressed latch, 50

substantially as described.

14. A horn-proof door latch comprisingl a spring-actuated bolt and trigger for moving the bolt againstthe tension `of a spring, of a casing for saidd bolt having Imeansaffording accessto .the trigger by the fingers of a persons hand, and extending down in front of said trigger and forming a guard to f preventaccess thereto by an animals horns.

l5. A horn-proof door latch comprising x the combination with a spring-actuated bolt provided with atrigger extending downward through thebottom of the same, ofa y two-section casing, the outer or cover memberof which is provided with a downwardly projecting face plate ai'ording access to the trigger by the fingers of a persons hand under-reaching saidy faceplate, but always guarding the trigger against access-thereto by an `animalshorns, substantially as described.

ln testimony lwhereof I aiX m signature.

HENRY A. T EXTON.

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