US1437328A - Tile for furnace grates of the checkerboard type - Google Patents

Description

C. V. TURNER. TILE, FUR FURNACE GRATES OF THE CHECKERBOARD TYPE- APPLICATION FILED APR.4, 1921.

1,437,328. P te te N v. 28, 1922.

UN TED Patented Na. 28, 1922.

PATENT OFFICE,

donation vnnnon'roanna, or BAnrow, FLORIDA.

'rlnn roe unniest". eaa 'rns or cnnoknnnoaian TYPE.

. f Application filed April 4, 19 21". Serial Nb. 458360,

T0 all whom it ma concern-w Be it known that/"I, CLAUDE VERNoN. Truman, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bartow, county of Polk, State of Florida, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inTiles for Furnace Grates ofthe Checkerboard Type; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and; exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the artto which" it appertains to make and use "the same. I i i i This invention relates toa grate construction ofthe stationary type, and particularly to a specially designed tile'or brick of refractory material for su.c lia"grate, said grate being primarily intended'ior use in a furnace fired with-crude or fuel oils or any'other liquid or gaseous fuel) j In'the most widely used types of oil burning furnaces, the combustion chamber "and ash p-it are separated by means of a checkerwork made of common fire brick, said brick being substantially rectangular in shape, set on edge, with the ends thereof supported upon horizontally disposed pipes or bars, the pipes or bars being generally arranged in pairs, and, the ends of each brick overlapping one of the pipes of each pair in staggered relation throughout the grate construction, in a 'manner similar to the squares on a checkerboard, by which name this type of grate is commonly known.

The object of placing the brick in this manner is to distribute the airlevenly over the bottom of the furnace" so as to formia more intimate mixture with the atomized oil or gas and thus promote a more eflicient combustion. At thesame time it affords a very easy and simple way of regulating or changing thesarea'of air opening to'conforme the amount of oilronsurned, it havingbeen found that infpractice the best results are obtained with fromitwo to four square, inches" of air opening per horse power of boiler, depending upon how much Y overload it is desired'to carry on the boiler.

"With the construction as above described, it willbe noted that in each air space there is a portion of the pipe exposed to the flame, which is very liable to become ever heated and allow the pipe to sag down, causingthe ultimate collapse of the grate. It will also be noted that the bricks are not held in position in either direction, that is,

they can slide endwise and fall betweenthe "pipes 1-, they can, either slide or tip over sideways, causing obvious difficulties and inherent disadvantages. Attempts have been made to hold the brick in position by adding a small wedge-shaped piece of the clay on top of the exposed pipe atthe end of each brick, but this has been found tobe ineflicient, as said fire clay soon becomes broken and crumbles away. 5

Another disadvantage of the type of grate above described will be apparent upon thestarting up of furnaces of -the oil burning type in'the manner usually employechat i which time it becomesnecessary tobuild a wood fire on the grate in order to raise steam enough to atomize the oil and start combustion, if no other steam is available. Under these circumstances it is almost impossible to throw wood in upon these brick in this type of furnace grate without displacing the bricks comprising said grate and thus exposing the pipes to the action of the flame and causing the whole grate to collapse into the ash pit. "Workmen entering the fur nace for the purpose of repairs will also displace these bricks in a similar manner. c On account of thedifliculty'of maintaining the checker-work made of common brick, other typesof grate have been resorted to, but none gives the desired results of the true checkerboard type of grate." It is the object of this invent-ion to overcome the various defec ts as above noted, which has been accomplishedby a specially designed tile, whereby said tile will not only be maintainedin a set position but the ends of each tile will also completely cover the supporting pipes, usually employed in this type of grate, when said tiles are, arranged 'to'form a complete, grate. f In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 represents diagrammatically an oil burning furnace provided with the improved typeo1 grate; "1 a 2 is an enlargedplan view illustrating the means ofassembling the tile upon the supportingpi'pes in overlappedrelation.

provided with the customary ejector nozzle conventionally illustrated at l. Supported upon the pipes or bars 2, in staggered overlapped relation, are a series of specially de signed tiles or bricks 5 of refractory material. These bricksare preferably beveled at their opposite ends as at 6, and are placed on edge upon the pipes or bars 2, the said bricks being of sufficient length so that each end thereof will rest upon and cover the adjacent pairs of doublyarranged pipes. As hereinbeforestated, the b'icks are placed staggered and overlapped relation, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, whereby the pipes will not only be completely covered, but said bricks will support each other against any tilting action or displacement longitudinally oi the pipes. I

In order to anchor the bricks and prevent any endwise movement thereof during the use and operation of the grate, said bricks are constructed with a downwardly projecting intermediate portion 7 adapted to engage substantially the innersides of the adjacent pipes, It is of courseto be understood that this may be a single depending portion projecting downwardly between the supporting bars, or it may be made with two projections so placed as to accomplish the same purpose.

lVith the construction as above described, it will be noted that the tilewill be prevented from moving endways by the portion or portions projecting downwardly between the supporting pipes or bars, and also that theends of said tile projecting over both pipes will prevent any portion of said pipes from being exposed to the action of the flames, these ends being placed in overlapped relation also preventing said tile from turning over sideways, as hereinbefore stated.

It is also to be noted that the ends of the tile do not have to be beveled, but the bev eled construction is preferred for by reason of the beveled construction, when the grate is assembled, the air openings produced will be in the form of diverging nozzles, allowing the air to enter the furnace with less velocity than if the openings were in the same crosssection from top to bottom of the grate, causing less tendency for the flame to be blown upwards against the top of the furnace.

With a grate assembled and constructed withjthe specific type of-tile, as hereinbetore described, all of the advantages of a checkerboard grate can be obtained with none of the disadvantages inherent in the common type of checkerboard grate as heretofore constructed. 7

What I claim is: r

1. A tile or brick for grates, the transverse width or thickness thereof being uniform from end to end of said brick, relatively long undercut bottom edge portions adapted to rest on appropriate supports to form a grate and prevent accidental endwise movements of the brick, said relatively long under-cut end portions permitting a series of bricks to be placed in side overlapping staggered relation in constructingthe gratepand at the same time completely cover and protect said supports from the fire generated above said grate.

2. A tile or brick for grates of the checkerboard type, the transverse width or thickness of said brick being uniform from end to end thereof, relatively long under-cut bottom edge portions formed therein adapted to rest on appropriatesupports to form a grate and prevent accidental endwise movements of the brick, said relatively long un der-cut end portions being of such length as to permit a series of bricks to ,beplaced in side over-lapping staggered relation in constructing the grate, completely covering and protecting said supports from the fire generated above said grate, withoutadditional filling material, and at the same time providing the necessa-r T draft between said bricks. I

3. In a grate construction of the checkerboard type, the combination with a series of parallel arranged supporting members, of a series of bricks oi refractory material adapted to be positioned on said supporting members in staggered relation, and means carried by the bricks for preventing the accidental displacement thereof.

4. In a grate construction of the checkerboard type, the combination with a series of doubly arranged parallel supporting pipes or the like, of a series of bricks ot refractory material adapted to be positioned on said supporting pipesin staggered overlapping relation, each brickhaving its opposite supporting end portions undercut, forming seats for said pipes, and providing a downwardly projecting intermediate portion engaging the pipes to prevent accidental endwise movements of said brick, each undercutportion being of sufficient length to span or cover both ofits adjacent supporting pipes, and thus producing the side overlapping o'l. said bricks and preventing the tilting or turning. over thereo' 4 In testimony whereof I .aifix my signature.

CLAUDE, VERNON Tommie.

Images