US1474016A - Recuperator - Google Patents

Description

Nov. a3 ,51923. l Mmmm W. G. EERGMAN RECUPERATOR Filed dan. 9 l 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 "W TUR mmm@ Nov. 13, '1923. Y

w. G. BERGMAN RECUPERATOR Filed Jan, 9, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 NVENT y /f MQWWV/f/Q Patented Nov. i3, i923.

UNITED STATES WILLIAM G. BERGMAN, OF POINT PLACE, O HIO.

RECPERATOR.

Application filed January 9, 1922. Serial No. 527,874.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be itknown that I, lViLLrAM G. BERGMAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Point Place, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have made an invention Appertaining to a Recuperator; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which fo-rm a part of this specification.

My invention has for its object t0 provide a recuperator for furnaces that are heated by a gas, such as producer gas mixed with air, that is directed into the furnace by a suitable burner, and wherein the recuperator is built in cylindrical turret form, having a mixing nozzle and chambers for the producer gas, air and for receiving' the burnt gases from the furnace, and wherein the air and the producer' gas are heated by the heat of the burnt gases.

The invention may be contained in structures that may be varied in their details by those skilled in the art. To illustrate a practical application of the invention I have selected a structure containing the invent-ion as an example of such structures, and shall describe it hereinafter. The structure selected for purposes of illustration is shown in the accompanying drawings.

Figurev l of the drawings is a sectional, partly broken view of the recuperator selected as an example of recuperators containing my invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2 2 indicated in Fig. l. Fig. 3* is a sectional view 'taken onthe line 3-3 indicated in Fig. l. Fig. et is a sectional view taken on the line 44tindicated in Fig. l.

1 indicates a suitable base for the recuperator structure which may be formed of concrete or any other suitable material. A pier 5 is located on the base l and is provided 'with a passageway 2 for conveying fuel gas and also with a clean-out chamber 3 that connects with the passageway 2. One end of the chamber 3 may be closed by a suitable refractory plate or plug 4t. The chambers 2 and 3 may be cleaned of deposits from the fuel gas when the plug 4 is removed. The cylindrical pier 5 supports a platform or base 6 of refractory material surfaces.

on which are built the cylindrical walls that form the chamber passageways of the recuperator.

The recuperator is formed of a pair of cylindrical, substantially concentric vertical walls T and S that are formed of refractory material. The outer wall T is preferably formed of brick and is built so as to render the wall T heat insulating as much as possible, while the wall 8 is a heat conducting wall and is formed of large tiles having horizontal abutting surfaces. The wall 8 forms the inner chamber that communicates with the chamber 2 formed in the pier 5.

The wall T is a relatively thick heavy wall, while the wall S is a very thin wall, but sufficiently thick to withstand the compression strains and to maintain the load produced bythe weight ofthe wall 8. 'lhe space between the walls is connected to chambers 9 formed in the pier below the supporting platform 6 from which gases are drawn through the passageways lt) by a suitable exhaust means, such as a suction fan, or if desired, a stack.

lVithin the annular shaped chamber formed between the walls 7 and 8 are located a plurality of tubular vertical passageways, each formed by a plurality of tiles ll placed vertically one above the other and having horizontal abutting edges or The vertical rows of tiles are disposed in spaced relation within the outer chamber formed between the walls 7 and 8 and in spaced relation with respect to the walls 7 and 8. If desired, suitableY abutting shoulders may be formed on the ends of the tiles to receive the abutting edges of adjoining tiles,but preferably the tiles are separated by the blocks l2 having abutting shoulders for receiving the ends of the tiles. The blocks 12 are located opposite thejoints `formed in the tiles 13 that form thel wall 8,

and projecting blocks let and l5 extend from the inner and outer walls of the recuperator and contact with the blocks l2 located between the tiles 1l. The blocks lll are spaced around the inner wall and the blocks l5 are likewise spaced around theI outer wall, and vertical sides of the blocks abut between the tiles forming the inner wall and the tubular passageway and the outer' Wall, whereby the tiles forming the inner wall and the tiles that form the tubular passageways are secured from lateral displacement.

By this arrangement not only a large heat CIS area tor the receipt or discharge of heat by or from the gases and air is provided, but also means for readily conducting the heat from the outer' chamber to the inner chamber and passageways is it'ormed. Also by reason ot the cylindrical arrangement Vof the parts the radial expansion produced by the heat affects all parts ot each wall ot the chambers and the passageways alike and thus the joints` between the parts ot' the walls are maintained in their sealed condition by the weight ot the walls, which is not disturbed by unequal expansion ot parts ot' the walls, and moreover the walls are maintained in their deiinite relation with respect to cach other by the abutting late `ally disposed contacting members located at the- Ijoints of the tiles.

The lower ends oi' the tubular passageways formed by the tiles 11 communicate with the chamber 16 formed in the pier 5 to which air may be directed, trom a blower, through the passageways 2O which are disposed on opposite sides of pier 5 and so as to form with the chambers 1G two pairs of transversely located passageways, and arranged. that when the ends oi the passageways 2l) are opened, the chamber' 16 and the passageways 2O may be cleaned out. The air passes into the chamber' 16 and up through the tubular passageways formed by the tiles 11. The upper end ot the tubular passageways communicate with the chamber 17 termed in the burner 1S. The burner 18 is supported 'on the top of the walls 7 and 8 and the chamber formed within the Wall 8 communicates with the chamber 19 ot the burner. The air passes around in the chamber 17, which, at the end o-t the nozzle 21, forms a mixing chamber 22. It desired.` a nozzle 2S may also connect the chamber 17 with the chamber 19, the nozzle 23 being located in axial alignment with the nozzle Q1 and so as to direct a central stream ol. the air trom the chamber 17 into the .stream olA producer gas that. rises through the inner chamber ot' the recuperator. It desired, a movable refractory block or plug 26 may be supported in the wall ot the chamber 17 for closing the nozzle 23.. The a'ir and gas thus mixed pass trom the mixing chamber 22 into the furnace 2e where they ignite and burn and are returned to the chamber Q5 formed in the top of the rec'uperator. The hot burnt gases pass down between the walls 7 and 8 and between the bricks or blocks 1e and 15 and between the tubular passageways formed by the rows of tiles 11 and through the chamber 9 and' out through the passageways 10. lNhile the burnt gases are :thus passing through the outer chamber ofthe recuperator the tiles are heated andthe heat is conveyed through the tiles forming the inner chamber and the tubular passageways to heat the producer gas, or further heat the producer gas it the producer gas first passes 'from checxer work to the recuperator, and to heat the air passing through the tubular passageways, and thus raise the temperature ot the mixture :termed in the mixing chamber 22 to near its kindling point.

l claim: Y

1. ln a rccuperator having a. pairfof circular, substantially concentrically arranged walls forming an inner passageway for producer gas and an outer annularly arranged passageway tor burnt gases, a plurality ot tubular passageways tor air locate-clL in the outer passageway for bin-nt gases.

2. ln a recuperator having a pair ot circular, substantially `concentri'cally arranged vertical walls jtori'ning an inner passageway for producer gas and an outer annularly arranged passageway tor burnt gases a plurality ot vertical tubular passageways ior air located in the outer passageway tor burnt gases. i

il. In a recuperator having a pair ot circular, substantially concentrically arranged verticalwalls forming an inner passageway ttor producer gas and an outer amnilarly arranged passageway :tor burnt gases, a plurality ot vert-ical.tubular passageways located radially equidistant from the axis of the walls for air and located in the outer pas sageway tor burnt gases.

il. In a recuperator having a pair ot'circ-ular substantially concentric vertical walls torming an inner passageway for producer gas and an outer passageway 'for burnt gases, the inner wall formed of' tubular refractory tile having horizontal abutting 'ed-ges, a. plurality of vertical tubular passageways for air located radially equidistant trom the axis ot the central. passageway and formed oi' a plurality ot tile having horizontal contacting edges and located in the passageways tor burnt gases.

In a recuperator having' a pair ot 'circular substantially concentric vertical walls forming an inner passageway :tor producer gas and an outer passageway iorI burnt gases, the inner wal lp'foriued ot tubular refractory tile having horizont-al abutting edges, a plurality of vertical tubular passageways for air located radially eqr'iidistant from the axis of the central passageway and formed of a plurality of tile having horizontal contactingedges and located in the passageways tor burnt gases` and radially extending relatively spaced refractory members supported in the inner and outer walls tor laterally securing the tubular members.V

6. In 'a recuperator having a pair ot cir.- cular, substantiallyV concentrically arranged walls forming an inner passageway tor Vproducer gas and an outer annularly'arranged passageway ior burnt gases, a plurality ot'- tubular passageways for air located in the l lll() llo lil)

outer passageway for lburnt gases, a burner having chambers connected toi the chambers and passageways of the recuperator.

7. .In a recuperator having a` pair of circular, substantially concentrically arranged walls forming an inner passageway for producer gas' and an outer annularly arranged passageway for burnt gases, a plurality ofv tubular passageways for air located in the outer passageway for burnt gases, a burner located above the recuperato-r and having chambers and passageways registering with the chambers and. passageways of the recuperator.

S. In a recuperator havinga pair of circular, substantially concentrieally arranged alls forming an inner passageway and an outer annularly arranged passageways, aI plurality of tubular members forming tubular passa-geways located in the outer passagewayj the passageways forming conduits 'or air and producer and burnt gases for heating the air conducted through one of the passageways. i

9. A recuperatorand a. iire pot or furnace coacting therewith', the recuperator having a combustion chamber discharging into the fire pot or furnace, a gas passage discharging into the con'ibustion chamber, av plurality ot' spaced air fines extending contiguous to the gas passage and discharging into the com bustion chamber, and means for directing the heated products of combustion from the pot or furnace against a wall of said combustion chamber and then causing the How of said combustion products through the spaces between the air ues and gas passage to a point of final discharge and in av direction reverse to thedirection of How of the air and gas.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name'to this specication.

VILLIAM G. BERGMAN.

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