US1587171A - Recuperator structure for furnaces - Google Patents

Description

w. A. Mom-ON RECUPERATOR STRUCTURE FOR FURNCES Filed Oct. 9, 1922, s sheets-sheet 1 li/raton In www.

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w. A. MORTON RECUPERATOR STRUCTURE Fon FURNAcEs Filed Oct. 9, 1922 ,I5 Sheets-Sheet 2 a1 Q/ \//./U////U/// W. A. MORTON RECUPERATOR STRUCTURE FR FURNACES Filed oct. 9," 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 June 1 1926.

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vUNITED STATI-:s

PATENT OFFICE.

` WILLIAM A. Mon'roN,

monroN COMPANY, snvama RECUPERATOR STRUCTURE FOR FURNACES.

Application iled October 9, 1922. Serial No. 593,195.

My invention consists in new and useful improvements in the structure of recuperative furnaces; and also in the tiles or structural elements which are used in the construction of the same.

In such furnaces, as now constructed, the

waste or heating gas passages in the recu- 1 perator are horizontal, and are formed or defined by means of horizontally disposed elements or tile.

These elements expand when heated, and, as they cool, theirjoints open, permitting the preheated air to be drawn into the chimney `instead of being led to the furnace, and also permitting the waste gases to leak into the air passages and to be returned to the furnace.

Furthermore the horizontally disposed elements are distortedby the heat, and are unable, as the cool, to resume their proper alinement, t us causing further leakage.

I have invented a new and improved recuperator structure wherein the air and waste gas passages are all vertical. More over such passages are formed by vertically disposed refractory elements or tile which interlock together, the weight of the superimposed elements insuring sealed joints at all times, whether theelements are heated or are cooled.

Thus, material leakage is impossible, and there can be no es cape of the air into the waste gasI flues nor of the waste vgases into the air ilues.

For use in my improved recu have invented new and improve ments or tile adapted to be assembled in vertically disposed stacks by interposed tlange elements 4or tile, thus forming the vertical air 'lues.

t 35 erator, I

I have also invented new and improved interlocking ange elements or tile which are interposed in interlocking relation between the ends of the vertically alined flue tile, and

supporting the air flues in place; formin selfsealing and self-maintaining joints in e air lues; properly spacing the air iues apart to form the intervening iues for the wastegases,

and bracing the air flue tile so that they.

the chamber B somewhat below the top of at all times maintain their proper positions and alinement. I have also devisednew and improved eleflue elements or tile which form the top and bottom of the air flues, and which also form the 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 THE AMSLER- 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENN- top and bottom closures of the flues for the f waste gases, thus preventing the admission j of the latter to the air flues, such tile also serving to support and brace the ends of the air flues in properv positions and alinement.

Other novel features of construction and arrangement of parts will appear from the following description.

In the accompanying drawings which are, however, merely intended to be illustrative of the principles `of my invention without limiting the scope of the latter to the construction shown, Fig. l isa section, taken along the line I-I in Fig. 2, showing a recuperative furnace which embodies the principles of my invention, the furnace rchamber being shown only in part; Fig. 9. is an irregular section of the4 saine, taken along the lines II-II and III-III in Fig; l; Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail view in plan showing four air fines, the'top tile and the top air flue tile being removed to show the flange tile; Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the top of said air dues with the top tile in place; Fig. 5 is a vertical section, taken along the line V-V in Fig. 4;, showing the assemblage of the various'characters of tile to form the lines; Fig. 6 is an enlarged perspective showing one of the flange tile; Fig. 7 is an enlarged perspective showing one of the tile Whlch is used for either a base or a top tile; Fig.'8 is an enlarged perspective of the air flue tile, and Fig. 9 a modified form of Harige tile.

The following'is a detailed description of the drawings, reference being irst had to Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive The general construction of the furnace as shown, and which forms no part of my present invention, is of a well known type comprising the furnace proper or heatingchamber A having a'hearth 1, in the rear of which is the recuperator chamber B in which the air is heated by means of the waste gases from vthe furnace, said gases being shown as led rearwardly under the hearth through the horizontal Hue 2; which flue connects at its rear end through the'port or ports 3 with the latter.

is a plan view showing The upper end of the chamberB is confn Y vmore may be Hue tile,

nected by the port or ports 4 with the combustion chamber C whence the heating Hames pass into the top of the furnace chamber A through the port 0r ports 5.

The combustion chamber C may be'supplied with producer gas through the vertical passage 6, or with oil or other Huid fuels through the burner ports 7 in the upper portion of the chamber. p

The bottom of the recuperator chamber B,` is provided with a series of parallel and spaced apart partitions 8 which form between them the air inlet passages 9 connected at one side of the chamber B with the air manifold D, and which partitions support the Hue structure of the recuperator. 9:l shows individual sliding dampers for the air passages 9.

Above the tops of the partitions 8 the rear wall of the chamber is provided with the port or ports 10 which connect with the chimney Hue E for the escape of the waste gases vhich travel downwardly through the cham- My improved recuperator or Hue structure provides vertical air Hues, through which the air passes upwardly; and, surrounding the air Hues, vertical gas Hues through which the waste gases pass, both air and gases traveling vertically through the recuperator.

.I provide a novel and advantageous Hue structure which is of the following cha-racter.

F represents the vertically disposed air Hue tile, which are shown provided with internal longitudinal partitions l1 dividing the interior of the tile into two or more sub- Hues. I have shown but one internal partition, but it will be understood that' two or provided, or the Hue tile may be without partitions, if thought preferable. The ends of the partitions extend somewhat beyond the extremities of the tile, for a purpose to be described.

I have shown the tile of substantially rectangular cross section, but it will be understood that the same may be of cylindrical or other cross-sectional shape, if desired.

The ends of the vertically alined tile F are inserted into the Hange tile G whose referred form is illustrated in Fig. 6. laid Hange tile have their internal 'bore of proper contour and dimensions to receive the upper and lower ends of the adjacent Hue tile, a shoulder 12, intermediate of the boreof the flange tile, supporting the upper Hue tile and resting upon the lower Hue tile. The flange tile. therefore connect and interlock the Hue tile together, the shoulders 12 being interposedl between the ends of the alined andthe internal bore of theshoulder, being substantially the same as that of the Hue tile. The protrusion of the partitions 11 from the ends of the Huetile is vided -with 'a sullcient to cause ends of the partitions of two vertically alined Hue tile to abut, thus continuing the sub-Hues through the Hange tile. The insert-ion of the ends of the Hue tile F into the bore ofthe flange tile G prevents lleakage at the ends of the Hue tile, and, also in Case the flue tile become cracked or broken, the fragments are held in place, maintaining the Hue structure.,

The perimeters of the Hange tile G are provided with horizontally disposed lugs 13,'the lugs of each Hange tile abutting and bearing against ythe lugs of the adjacent lflange tile, thus bracing the air Hues against lateral movement and spacing them apart to form, between the air Hues, and surrounding the same, vertical Hues for the passage of the waste gases.

In Fig. 9 I show Ia modified form of Hange tile G. which have but one spacing and bracing lug 13a on each side, the same being centrally disposed.

Each stack of vertically alined and interlocked Hue tile is supported b one of the tile H, shown in Fig. 7, whic tile H are also used, in inverted position, as the top tile of the stacks.

The tile H are provided with a differential bore, the larger bore 14 being of sufficient sizve and proper dimension so that the end of the Hue tile F may be inserted therein, the degree of insertion being limited by the internal shoulder 15 in the bore ofthe tile H. The bodies of the tile H are solid and their perimetral contour preferably rectangular, so as to Ht together to fill and close the spaces between the air Hues.

In constructing the recuperator, a Hoor composed of the tile H, with their larger bores uppermost, is built over and supported by the partitions 8, and the lowermost Hue tile of the air Hues are stepped in said bores, being supported by the shoulders 15. The abutting edges of the tile H are provtongue-andegroove engagement as shown at 16 and 17 in Fig. 7, so as to form a tight Hoor for the lrecuperator about the air Hues. Said tile H are also mounted on top of the air Hues above the level of theI Waste gas ports 3, the larger bores 14 of the tile H being in this case below and fitting over the Hue tile F, the shoulders 15 of t-he -tile H supporting the latteron the top of the air Hues, and the abutting edges of the tile H interlocking to form a tight Hoor` for the recuperator about the tops of the air Hues.

.It is apparent -trom the foregoing that the wastel gases will pass from the furnace chamber through the ports 3 into the interior vof the recuperator chamber B, below the level of the Hoor formed by the top tile H, and will pass downwardly, through the waste gas Hues surrounding the air Hues, to the Hoor formed by the bottom tile H,

thence passing through the ports to the chimney Hue E.

Likewise, it is apparent that the air will enter from the manifold D into the air passages 9, and thence pass into the vertical air Hues, and at the top of the same through' the ports 4 into the combustion chamber C, the air being thoroughly heated during its passage through the air Hues.

It is quite evident that the expansion of the tile, under the `inHuence of the hot gases will not open the joints between the air Hue tile and the Hange tile, or between the air Huetile and the top and bottom tile H, and it is likewise apparent that the contraction of the tile will not result in opening said disposed air Hues,

joints, as the interlocked elements will automatically take up'changes due to their expansion and contraction without leakage, and the joints will remain automatically sealed. 'lhe weight of the recuperator structure acts to automatically take up ex' pansion and contraction.

IVhile it is usual to make the elements or tile of refractory clays, it is uitje evident thatsteel or cast-iron, or any ot er material able to withstand the heat without rupturey may be used. j

In assembling :the elements-ofthe recuperator, the endsotthe Hue tile are lightly buttered witha-jcl'a mortar orv other cemen-i titious substanceii; i

Although; for the salte of clearness in illustratingf.- the principles 1.0i?.` invention, I have describedfind" y lfth'e embodiment of the same shown'fin the drawings, I do not limit myself th'ereby,p'f. vbut claim l. In a recuperator structure for furnaces, the combination ofa jplurality ofvertically each Hue being composed o a pluralityof vertically disposed Hue tile vin superim osed relation', and horizon' tally disposed ange tile interposed between adjacent alined Hue tilefand socketed above and below to receivev the lends of the Hue tile, and said Hange tile beingprovided with integral lateral projections, the projections of adjacent Hange-tile being" in engagement to brace the associated airV Hues against 1a" t'y plurality of vertically disposed air Hues, each Hue being composed of a plurality of vertically disposed Hue tile 1n superimposed relation, and horizontally disposed Hange tile interposed between adjacent alined flue tile and socketed above and below to receive the ends of the Hue tile, and said Hange tile being provided with lateral corner projections which contact with simiiar projections on adjacent Hange tile thereby bracing the air Hues against lateral displacement and 'providing passages between the adjacent- Hange tile for the passage of waste gases.

4. Flange tile for use in assembling vertically disposed Hue tile to form a recuperator structure,y having internal bores into which the ends of adjacent Hue tiles are inserted, said bores having internal shoulders which are interposed between the ends of the Huel` tile, and said Hange tile being provided with integral projections at the corners to Contact with similar projections of adjacent Hue tile whereby the Hues are held against lateral displacement and vertical passages are lformed between adjacent air Hues for the passage of the waste gases.

5.` For use in connecting the ends of vertically alined Hue tile to form a Hue, horizontal Hange tile having a bore adapted to receive the ends of the Hue tile and provided "with integral external projections at its cor `ners adapted to engage the similar projections of the Hange tile of adjacent Hues to maintain the Hues in proper spaced relation.

6. For use in connecting the ends of vertically alined Hue tile to form a Hue, Hange tile having'a bore adapted to receive the ends of the Hue tile and said bore being provided intermediate of its ends with an internal shoulder which is interposed between "the ends of the Hue tile, and said Hange `tile lbeing also-provided with integral external projections at its corners adapted to engage the similar projections of the Hange tile of adjacent Hues to maintain the Hues in spaced relation.

7. The combination of a pair oi' alined Hue tile to be connected together to form a Hue, al Hange tile interposed' between said Hue tile and having a bore in which the adjacent ends of said Hue tile are inserted,

said bore being provided intermediate of its ends with an internal shoulder which is interposed between the ends of the'Hue tile,

and said Hue tile beingprovided with longil tudinall)7 disposed partitions to form a plurality of Hue passages, said partitions being extended beyond the end of the Hue tile so as to abut together to continue the Hue passages through the Hange tile.

8. An end tile, for use in forming the end of a recuperator composed of vertically disposed air Hues formed of Hue tile, said end rovided with a differential bore,

tile being iameter of whleh receives the end the larger edges of adjacent end tile to 0f the Hue tile while the shoulder interposed between the bores bearsy against the ends of the Hue tile.

9.. An end tile, for use'in forming the end of a recuperator composed o f vertically disposed air Hues formed of Hue tile, said end tile being provided with a differential bore, the larger diameter of which receives the end of the Hue tile while thejshoulder interposed between Ythe bores bears against the end of the Hue tile, and the perimetral edges of the end tile being formed to engage the form a closure between the air Hues. l

10. An end tile for use informing the end of a recuperator structure and provided with a central opening to receive the end of the Hue tile, and the perimeter of said "end tile being provided with means ,for

forming a tongue kand groove engagement with adjacent end tile.

11. An end tile for use in forming the end of a recuperator structure and provided with 'a central opening to receive the end of the Hue tile, said opening being also provided with a'n internal shoulder which engages the end of the Hue tile, the perimeter of said end tile being provided with meansv for forming a tongue and adjacent end tiie.

12. A recuperator structure for furnaces comprising a chamber, a pair of closures spaced apart in said chamber, said closures being comprised of end tile having abutting perimetral edges, and said end tiles being provided with openings having internal shoulders, air-flues extending between said closures and being comprised of Hue tile assembled in alinement, the extremities of the Hue tile forming the ends of. the air-Hues being inserted i into said openings against said shoulders. .Hange tile interposed between alined Hue tile to connect the same together, and means carried by-said -Hange tile for holding said air-Hues in proper alinement. y

13. A recuperator structure for furnaces comprising a chamber, a pair of closures spaced apart in said chamber, said closures groove engagement with being composed of end tile having abutting` perimetral edges, and said end tiles being provided with openings having internal shoulders, air-Hues extending between said closures and being comprised of Hue tile assembled in alinement, the extremities of the Hue tile forming the ends of the air-Hues being inserted into said openings against said shoulders, Hange tile interposed between alined Hue tile to connect the same together, and lateral projections on said Hange tile adapted to interengage to hold the air-Hues in proper alinement.

14. A Hue tile for the purpose described having an internal longitudinal partition which protrudes from the ends of the Hue tile so that when said Hue tiles are assembled with interposed Hange tile, the ends of the partitions of adjacent Hue tile impinge against each other, for the purpose described.

15. For use in connection with the Hue tile for the purpose described, a Hange tile having a socketed bore adapted to receiveand engage the end of the Hue tile, and having its perimetral edges adapted to interlock with those of adjacenty Hange tile to form a gas tight Hoor between the adjacent Hues.

16. For use in connection with the Hue tile for the purpose-described, a' Hange tile having a bore into which the Hue tile are inserted and said bore being provided with an internal shouldera ainst which the Hue tile bear, said Hange ti e having its perimetral edges formed to interlock with those of adjacent Hange tile to form a gas tight floor between the adjacent Hues.

17. A recuperator comprising a chamber enclosed in vertical walls, a plurality of pipes extending longitudinally through the chamber and comprised of relatively short sections of hollow tile, transversely disposed centrally apertured blocks interposed be# tween` ends of each section having recesses spacing means on some of the blocks for holding them in position and providing intervening openings to allow gases to circulate between the blocks. l

18. A recuperator comprising a chamber enclosed in verticall walls, a plurality of pipes extending longitudinally through the chamber and comprised of relatively short sections of hollow tile, blocks interposed between ends of each section having openings therethrough in alinement with the openings through the hollow tiles, said blocks serving to keep the pipe sections spaced on all sides from one another, and means on some of the blocks providing passageways for allowing gases to circulate longitudinally through the chamber around the pipes and between the blocks.

Signed at Pittsburgh, Pa. this 23rd day of Sept 1922.

WILLIAM MORTON.

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