US1406356A - Condenser - Google Patents

Description

R. N. EHRHART.

CONDENSER.

APPUCATION FILED 0on1. 1917.

Patented Feb. 14, 1922.

. ATTORNEYS.

STATES E N'T DFFIC- E.

daapeaw onm F N YL N A amm WEST- *INGHOUSE'ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING 00., A C0R15ORATI0N or PENNsYLvANIA.

' CONDENSER.

S peeifleation of lfletters i'atent. Patented F b 14 --'App'Iicati'on 11166, Otdber 1, 1917. Serial No. 194,177.

To all whom it ma cbhbe'm:

Be it known that *I-, RAYMOND N. Em:-

' HA RT, a citizen 0f the United States, and a to prwemtenaensaa rma-droppin from upper and onto 1o vere6o1ing tubes ofthe nest, and inwhich this is 'aceoxnplis'hed with- 'oiit rendering any of-the tubes effective as steam jconde'ns'ing agents and without restricting the passage-0f the fluid to be (5011- densed through th'efn es't. 4 I

A further object is to produce a condenser and system of baflles "therefor in which the steam is directed through "the nest of tubes in paths of natural how and in whieh the "bafll'esare so arranged 'asito cause water of 'condensa tion to pass through a 'zone'of incoming steam in "its "travel toward the condens'ate olftak'e port.

These and other objects "are 'attained by means of apparatus embodying the features herein describedand illustrated in the drawings accompanying and forming a part hereof. x x I I, I

In the drawings 1 Fig. 1 is a "diagrannnatie sectional yiew of a rad'iali'fiow eondenserand iiiusaaas are app aaa a unwise er an steam paths thrbngh "are nest of tribes J of the condenser.

Fig. 2 isa diagrammatic sectiijnalyiewof a condensereinbddying my inventive,

Fig. 3 is a corresponding viewofairiodifi r y" fi i tinn a Condensers are frequen ly preview y'vith names "for diieaiag the steam to be "con Hens-ea through are of tubesfand "for so disposing *of the eendensate as to preyent condensate from ripper itlibe's of the nest from dropping bate lower tubesgqr the nest and thereby detrimentally affecting the efficiency of the lower tubes. Such baflles are generally so arranged that the steam is forced to follow a circuitous path through the nest of tubes and in addition to this, thearr'angement of the'baflle's is often such as to restrict the path 'of 'flow to thereby 'oeca sion adetriinentalpressuredrop between the inlet to the condenser and the 'celdest :portion 'of'the f'ne'st oftu'bes.

'My invention contemplates a condenser and a system of bafiles bywhich steam'deliv- "ered to the condenser is so directed through the tubes and toward an air offtake, located within the nest of ftubes,fthat all the steam is effectively and "efficiently condensed withbut 'occas'ion'ing "an fobjectionable drop in pressure between the inlet to the condenser and the point of air ofitake within the nest 'of tubes. "In addition'to this, baflles arearranged to so dispose of the condensate as to prevent it from droppingonto lower tubes of the condenser.

I In Fig. '1, Ihave illustrated diagrammatically aradial flow condenser. The nest of tubes 12 is substantially surrounded by a steam ipace 13 whigh communicates with '"the eondenser inlet 14. The "air ofl'take 15 1s so arranged that its inlet is located well withinthe nest of tubes, as for example, at th'egc'en ter of the met 12. The steam to be condens'ed enters the nest of tubes jfrom -p ii1ts around the nest and flows inwardly ito'ward' the point of complete condensation,

forvtoward ,theair ofltake port. The arrows in g, '3 "illustrate the general direction of steam fldwfthrough the nest of tubes 12,

Fig. {-2, I have illustrated anfembodinrent of my pre sent'inyention in which the air "ofltake port is located substantially centrally withinthe nest of tubesand in which the bafiies radiate from'theair offtake port "the sameftimefare so arranged as to protect awyer "tubjes of the nest from condensate Jdrdppi'ng from tubes located above them. The shell 16 of the condenser illustrated Fig. 2 is substantially cylindrical. 'andis prbyided with an inlet port '17 located abev a subsitantiallycylindrical nest of tnbes 18, which is enclosed within the shell. As'ill'ustrat'ed the nest of tubes 18 is eccentric'a'lly "located with'rel'ation to the cylindrical shell 16 and is so arranged as to provide a steam space, whichentirely surrounds the nest, but which diminishes in cross-sectional area toward the bottom of the shell, or toward a condensate well 19 with which the shell is provided.

As shown, the steam space 'issubstan tially crescent shape, with the' widestportion communicating with the inlet 17 and the horns extending toward the condensate well 19.

first having been subjected to sufficient cooling surface to be condensed.

The paths of normal steam. condenser illustrated in Fig. 2 are substantially radial and consequently by providing substantially radial battles the normal path of steam flow is not sufiiciently afi'ected by the bafiles to obstruct the flow or to lengthen the pathof flow through the nest;

In Fig. 2, I haveshown sixbaflleswhich extend inwardly from the periphery of the nest of tubes. ,The upper baffles 20 and 20 are inclined downwardly toward the interior'ot the nest and are so arranged that they deliver the condensate, collected by them, onto 'bafiles 20 and 20 respectively. These last mentioned bailles are inclined downwardly from the interior-to the periphery of the nest of tubes. An intermediate baffle 20 is located between the baffles 20 and 20 and a similar baflie 2O islocated between the baillesQO and 20 Both these bafiles are inclined downwardly so as to discharge condensate collected by them into the steam space. With the arrangement described, the baffles radiate from a point adjacent to the inlet of an air ofi'take 21 with which the condenser isJprovided andsubstantially all of the condensate collected by the bafiles is delivered intothe steam space 18 so that it must travel through incoming steam in its passage. to the condensate well 19. The condensate well is, of course, provided witha condensate discharge port, and the air offtake 521 communicates with or ex tends through an air offtake port formed in the shell 16 of the condensen,

Under some conditions the velocity of the incoming steam may vary the paths of flow through thenest ofcooling tubes within the condenser. For example, the .steamenteri-ng the condenser may have. sufiicient velocity to cause a large portion .of the steam to pass directly downward into the nest of tubes insteadof being equally distributed around the nest of tubes. here this is encountered it is desirable toflocate the inlet to .the air ofi'take somewl'iat "below the center ofthe nestof tubesandto so'arrange The tubes of the nest are so lo cated that the steam space while substan so arranged that the condensate collected V the up per baiiles is delivered onto the lower batlles and-is discharged by these bafiies into the steam space surrounding the nest of tubes. .VVith the exception of the bailles; I have indicatedgthe diiferent elementsof the condenser shown in Fig. 3 by, the samenu'meralsas those employed in Fig. 2, but I have distinguishedthe numeralsqofFig. 3, by means ofa-prime mark.

two embodiments of my invention,-, it will be. apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, additions and-omissions may -be'-made in the apparatus illustrated without departing from the spirit and scope of, my invention, as set forth by the appended .claims.

, lVhatI elaimjis:

. 1. A condenser including, arrest of tubes,

an airofftake. port locatedwell within the nest of tubes,and. bafiles radiating substantially fromthe air ofitake port,

NVhile I have described and illustrated but 2. Ina condenser, a shell, a nest of tubes i therein spaced awayfromthe shell, a noncondensable fluid ofitake extending into said .nest oi: tubes, and bafiles radiating. through the nest of tubes from apoint near the noncondensable fluid oiftake. a

. 3-1m a condenser, a shell, a nestiof tubes and upperfand lower. bafiles within the nest of tubes .and arranged to direct the steam along paths corresponding to the natural path or steam flow, each upper bafile having itslower edge. arranged vertically above the surface of a lower baffle so that the latter. receives ,condensate from the upper battle.

4. In a condenser,,a nest of tubes located within thev condenser shell'and substantially surrounded by fluid delivery space, which communicates with the. fluid inlet :of the shell, baffies arranged within said nest to form; converging fluid passages through the .nest which communicatewith sand space,

and a noncondensable fluidlofitake. having its inletwvell within, the nest of tubes and substantially at the point of convergence of said passages. I

5.In a condenser, awnestio f cooling elements, ,a-non-condensable fluid ofitake port located; within thenest of cooling elements nearthe point of conyergence ofthe normal paths of flow of fiuidtobe condensed, and

bafiles extending through said. nest from .a

point ad acent, to, the l .no'nseondensable fluid fi lsr n 6. In a eondenser,a Sll6ll,{t nest of tubes within said shell "and having a stem space substantially surrounding said nest oftube's, an air offtake located well within the nest of tubes, and baflles radiating through the nest from a point adjacent to the air offtake. r

7. In combination in a condenser, a shell having an inlet and a condensate outlet, a nest of tubes so located within the shell as to'provide a steam'space substantially surrounding the nest of tubes but decreasing in cross sectional area toward the condensate outlet, an air offtake located well within the nest of tubes, and baflles extending from the periphery of the nest inwardly toward the air oilta-ke for dividing the nest into segmental sections.

8. In combination with a condenser, a shell having an inlet port located on the upper side thereof, and a condensate discharge portlocated on the lower side thereof, a nest of tubes so located within the shell as to provide a steam space communieating with the inlet port and extending substantially around the nest of tubes but decreasing in area toward the condensate discharge port, baffles arranged within said nest so as to provide convergent fluid passages which communicate with the steam space and an air ofltake having its inlet well within the nest of tubes and substantially at the point of convergence of said passages.

9. In combination in a condenser, a shell having an inlet port formed therein, a nest of tubes so located within the shell as to provide a steam space between the nest and shell which communicates with the inlet, an air off-take having its inlet well within the nest of tubes, and baflies located within the nest of tubes and so arranged as to deliver condensate into said steam space and to deliver non-condensable gases to said air off-take.

10. In combination in a condenser, a shell having an inlet port formed there-in, a nest of tubes located within said shell so as to form a steam space communicating with said inlet, an air oil-take having its inlet well within the nest of tubes, baflies located within said nest, so arranged that condensate collected on all the baflles is caused to pass through a portion of said steam space and that non-con'densable gases are directed to said air off-take.

11. In a condenser, a shell, a nest of tubes, and condensate bafiles within the nest an air oiftake within the nest of tubes, and

condensate baflles within the nest of tubes arranged in the direction corresponding to the natural path of steam flow from the steam space to the air offtake and adapted to collect condensate and discharge it into the steam space.

14;. In a radial flow condenser, the combination of a shell, a nest of tubes within the shell and eccentrically related thereto in order to define a crescent-shaped steam space between the tube nest and the shell, air offtake means extending within the nest of tubes, and baflle plates radiating from the region of the inlet of the ofi'take means and defining converging passages for condensable and non-condensable fluids.

15. In a radial flow condenser, the combination of a substantially oylindlricallyshaped shell, an eccentric nest of tubes therein and defining with the shell a crescent-shaped steam space, air offtake means extending within the nest of tubes, and bafile plates arranged between the tubes and extending from the region of the inlet of the air ofitake means, said: bafiles adapted to discharge sheets of condensate through which some of the condensable and noncondensable fluids must flow.

16. In a radial flow condenser, the combination of a cylindricallyshaped shell, an eccentric nest of tubes therein defining with the shell a crescent-shaped steam space, air ofl'take means entering the nest of tubes, baffle plates radiating from the region of the inlet of the air ofi'take means and dividing the nest of tubes into converging groups, the upper baffles converging toward the inlet of the air oiltake means and adapted to discharge sheets of condensate on the bafile plates diverging from said air inlet whereby the temperature of the air is lowcred before its withdrawal.

17. In a radial flow condenser, the combination of a substantially cylindricallyshaped shell, a nest of tubes eccentrically disposed therein to define with the shell a crescent-shaped steam space, air offtake means extending within the nest of tubes, a pair of baiiie plates extending within the tubes and with their lower edges below the inlet of the air ofi'take means and defining converging condensate shed surfaces, a pair of baffle plates below the first pair and having diverging shed surfaces adapted to receive condensate from the surfaces of the first pair whereby air is cooled before entering the outlet means, another pair of bafile plates arranged between the upper pair and 1:0

the lower pair andhaving diverging conlntestimony; whereof, I have: hereunto densate shed surfaces whereby condensate subscribed my name this 29th day of Sepis discharged at the outei'1 edges, the contember, 1917. Q densate dischar 'ed rom t e outer ed es of i w v 5 the intermediat pair of baffies and the lower RAYMOND pair of baflies adapted to form sheets of Witness: 7 i

condensate to assist in cendensation of steam. G. W. MCGHEE.

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