US1398953A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

u BUSCHIMG, NTERNAL COMBUSTIGNENGWE. APPLICATION F'LED OCT- Z, 19H1.

lyk @L H,

C. BUSCHI'NO. NTERL CQEVIBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED OGL 2. 1919.

Fatemi@ Nwg, WZL

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

g5 VMM/Wm; C. Efafdwmo.

. nTnrinaL-oonsnssion application inea amber e lle it known that l @Maniacs Bijecnfin'o, sub",iei-t of the King of ltaly. residing"r at 216 Jackson avenue, Long l-sland Cityn in the countyv et Queens and State of llew Yoil:` have invented certain new and usetul lin-- provenients in internal Combustion Ennines. oi which the following is a specifica! tion;

This invention relates to inten-nal eoinhustion enlgines and particularly to such enlinesv in which sliding' o1 reciprocating sleeves are used to control the admission ot the. combustible diivineinedium to the piston rhainbe and the exhaust ot 'the burnt fases 'fi'oni such chanihei'.

The olijeet of this invention is to provide an engine oi' this type which will he simple in constiuction and `reliable `in operation.

ilidewalve motors have certain advan tages over' puguiet-valve motors., in that they avoid the noise and clutter which is ineidental. to the quicioclosing` ol2 puppet valves.y under the action ot' stione spi'ings. Slide-- valve motorsv` however, also have certain disadvantages, especially where the common arrangement oiE two sleeves is used. These sleeves 2e'emnally nieve in opposite dii'eetions, and `this results in consideial'ile friction between the two sleeves as well as hetween the imiex".sleme and the piston, and between the outer sleeve and the surrounding cylinder easing'` and there' is' therefore a consideiahle loss ot power. llfloi'eoveig owing to the i'act that the rei-iplocatingr movement o4l the sleeve is effected by means ot cranks einiafgingi` the sleeves at theii lowe' ends, at one side thereof., there is a Considelahlefl strain on `the parts, iesnltingi' in the treVM quent breaking oil oft the lowei ends of the sleeves. l

lt has heen my .nini to avoid the abovementioned dran/hacks by providing a single sleeve to aetas inlet and exhaust' valve, thns reducing ti'ietidn to a considerable extent;Y this sleeve elosed Vat one end and forms a. movable cylinder' head, and it is reciprocateifl hv cams ari'a'nged adjacent to the sleeve h ad and actinga in the axis of reciprocatimn thus avoiding the objectionable ene-sided operation of the lusual sleeve valves. These and otheil advantages will 'oe clearly described in the speciioation follow ingF hereiminitel5 and the noveltT will he 'pointed out in the appended claims'.

Specication of wie.

Letters Estes-. ibateifiteai Non 29., tflh Serial No. 32%55422.

ln the aceoizcpanying diawings, foi'ming pai't oi" this specification? l have shown invention applied to an internal comhustion indeis of 'my' new motor; Fig. 2 top view oi2 the moto; with the cover of hood rsnioved; Fig. 3 is a paiftial section taken on line 3-3 et ie'. l; Fig. 4e is a horizontal section taken sanstantially on line of Figi. l.; and 5 t elusive are views illustrating iliaggiannn ,f fone different steps ot' the operation et niv motor.

The cianlc shaft l() is suitably supported in the crank ease ll and has cranks 12 of usual arrangement each connected hv a rofl 1.3 to the coi-responding` piston 14. The cyl.- inder casing' 'l5q whieh seemed to the eianlc case ll and provided with the usual Cooling jacket 16, is open at the end distant from the crank ease (that is, its nppez` end) and in this c vliv lei' casingr is. arranged Inovahly, and coaxial the gewitlny a sleeveevalve o1' cylinder 17 closed vnear its end remote troni theel-ank case (that is, its upper end) hv a tiansverse wall or head 18. The sleeve LT and its head 18 inclose together the working chamber 19 in which the piston lli recipifoeates.

The cylinder casing 'l5 is formed with an inlet port Q0 and an outlet port or exhaustl port 2l lying' preferably diameti'ieally opposite each other` and both at the saine dis-- tance from the open end ot the cylindei casing' l5. These ports 20 and 2l are connected with the inlet and exhaust manifolds res ectively, which are designated by the nume als 22 and. 23. The sleeve 1'? also is provided with an inlet and an exhaust ports 9A, 25 respectively, adapted to register at times with theI ports 20 andv 21. The ports 24, Q5, however, are not exactly opposite each other, hut are arranged at ditllerent distances from the head 18 oit the sleeve oi* cylinder 1'?, so that when, say, the port 24C registeis with the inlet port ilthepcrt is out of re 'stiy with the ei ,aast port al, so that the atter is closed a f time, vice vefsa. In

the example shown, the port 24- is arranged above the inletJ port 2() (with the sleeve or cylinder 17 in the intermediatoor neutral position) and the port the saine distanee below the exhaust port 2l. Each ot the ports 24, 25 extends for -a considerable distance around the sleeve l? (in the example shown about one-third of the eircnlnlferenee ot' the sleeve 17) and the ports Z0. 21 in the easing 15 are similarly arranged. These ports thus 'town iiarri'iw, but longy slots. and allow a relatively large amount of fuel to enter. or ot' burnt gases to ese-ape from. the worliiiigf ehaniher in 'a relatively short space of time.

Above the w l or head lo.: the eylinder lT is preview-rl with an upward extension lT haring at its upper end an outwardly-ex tending flange l?" and inelosing a reeess 2o. Secured rigidly lo the head 18 as by bolts 2? a housing .T located partly in the recess Z6 and adapted to Contain a eainV eonsistinfgy of two seetions. 29. earried. rigidly by a earn shaft il() supported in hearings ill (Figs. Q and il) bolted to the upper tare oi" the eylinder easing` 15. The housingr 2T hasy at its portion adjaeent lo the head llt a surlaee 27 exlendinpF for about lial'l the length of the housing` (measured lengthwise ol' ihe rain shaft) and engaged at all times by the eam seetion 2H. The upper portion olf the llio'usinpI 27 opposite the surfaee 2T is vul' away or reeessef'l as at Elib. to torni a elearanee, for the revolviiulrain seeiion Ll?. djaeent to this recess E?" the upper portion of the housing 27 has a surlaee 27 engaged at all times by the rain seelion 2l), and op posite this surtaee the lower portion ol the housing' 27 is eut away, as at zl., to provide a elearanee Jor the Cani seetion :22) during its revolution.

The (rain seetion 29%, by eiiguigfiin;i the sur faee 27, pushes the housingn 27 and therefore also the sleeve oieylinder i7, downward. while the other earn seetion, 25h pushes il up ward, and the rain surlaees o'l the two rain sei-tions are so eonslriuted that they will eo- :let with earh other, that is to say` the rain seetion 2S), while remaining in eontaet with the surfaee 2T", will allow the housing 27 to more downward under the aetion o'i the earn section 28, while viee versa the earn sei:- tion 28 reniainsin eontaot with the suraee 27a, when the housing moves,l upward under the action of the ram section 29. Vinasmuch as the. planes containing the surfaces 2T* and 27 ot the housing` are always at the saine distanee from eaeh other, it followstha't the' eoncentre or dwell portions. Thais., the gaat messias y seetion t28 has in sueeession, an outwardly and rearwardly inclined portion 2U, another portion` 28, also inelined outwardly and rearwardly, a eoneenlrie or dwell portion 28, a portion 2H" inelined inwardly and rear\\\'ardly, a eoneentrie or dwell portion 28. and another, inwardly and rearwardl \v ini-lined portion 28", this latter eonneetinp; with the first-named portion 2S, Similarly` the eam seetion 2f) has a eoneentrie or dwell poi-lion Ell, an outwardly and rearwardl)Y inclined portion 2W" a eoneentrie or dwell portion Ell", an iuwardlj.'4 and rearwardly inelined portion 25N a similarly inelined pol'- tion .lll and an outwardly and rearwardly inrlined portion :We (lll-these. the portions 12H2 2n". 2Q" and ill" are ralveshillingy rain portions. while all the other eain portions are merely sleere-liolf`iini; portions. that is. they have [he luuetion ol holding the sleeve in a eeriain posiion and ol' preventing` :mi dental movement.. say under the aetion ol' the sueion. eoinpressimn or explosion in lhe working rhaniber.

rlhe eanis 2N. if!) may lie separate or paris ol the saine pieee.` bul in any event.` theyare rigid with the earn shall. For the purpose of proper operation. and in order to reduee wear` they run in oil whieh is supplied lo the reeess 'lo in any suitable manner (say, by a punip. not shown). Should too niueh oil be supplied, sueh surplus oil will run over the llaugfe i7 whirh for this purpose is provided with grofwes li'ln and drop into the reeessed upper part lf3 of the eylinder easing l. from where it runs into the erank ease through tubes or duets L. The flange iT prevents suoli oil lroni ruin-lingr down alonpl the outside of the sleeve 17 and into the working ehainber lll where it would burn with the t'nel and thus eause. smoking at the exhaust. rlhe cylinder easing 15 is prel erably provided with arover or hood Ill whieh rovers the movingr or operating paris. 'l'his rover also serves to oateh any oil whieh' may bel thrown out of the reeess 36 during the operation, oi lthe rams; this oil will run down the inside ot' the eover and into the reeessed part l5 olE the cylinder easing'.

'l`hesparl plop` 341 for igniting" the fuel in the working eljia'mber .is preferably arranged in. the side of the cylinder easing', and as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, its innerend registers with the inlet port 2st of the sleeve or cylinder l? when the, latter is/ in its in terrnediate or` neutral position shown in Lto escape into the exhaust manifold.

Lacasse illustrated diagrammatically in Figs. 5 to 8, and underneath each ot these figures 1 have indicated diagrammatieally the position ot the crank and connecting rod corresi'ion'ding to each cam and valve position shown in these figures, the circle 35 indicating the path or" the crank pin 36, and the center ot' the circle indicating the cra-nk shaft lll.

The operation is, briefly described, as iollows: As indicated in Fig. 5, the piston has completed the exhaust stroke and is about to start on its suction stroke. rlhe sleeve valve 17 has been. brought to its neutral, or exhaust-closing" position by the inclined `cam surface Q8 acting on the surface 2T oi' the cam housing: 27. After a, slight rotation of the cam shaft, theiinclined surface. 28h comes in contact with the surface 2'1" and pushes the valve sleeve down, so that the port 24. of'

the valve comes into registry with the inlet port 9.,() of the cylinder casing, allowing the explosive medium to be sucked into the workingy chamber by the piston. The concentric cam portion 28 holds the sleeve in this position until after t-he crank pin has passed 'the lower dead center (see position illustrated in Fig. 6). During this time first the portion 29" and then the portion 29 of the cam section 29 have been in engagement with. the surface 27 of the housing; 27 and have prevented the housing and valve sleeve from dropping` farther than the posi` tion to w iich they ha ve been brought by the cam section After the crank pin has passed the lower dead center, and just as the piston is about to start on its compres sion stroke, the sleeve valve is quickly moved to its neutral position, closing the, inlet port 20, by the action of the cam portion 29f on thesurface 27, the inwardly inclined cam portion 28d comingT in contact with the suriaee 2T and allowingr this movement. During' the compression sfoke of the piston which now follows, the concentric or dwell cam portions Bfe and E2'. 1 will be in contact with the surtaces'"l and 27, respectively, and the cam portion 28@ will prevent the sleeve trom being,` moved upward any fue ther under the actionv of the compression in the working chamber. -This condition contiriues also during' the explosion stroke of the pistonv` the position ot' the cam beingf indicated in Figi'. 'i'. lt. will be noted that the position o the sleeve in this figure is the same as in Fin. 5. that is, the sleeve is in its intermediate or neutral position.

As the piston nears its lowermost position, that is, before the crank vpin reaches the lower dead center. the inclined. cani portion 125)" lifts the sleeve'valve. shitting it (uitwaird and bringing` `the port 25 into registry with the exhaust port 21 of the cylinder casinos thus allowing the burnt gases This position is shown in Fig. 8. The exhaust -piston assists this movement.

:sion created bythe piston in remains open during the whole length of the exhauststroke of the piston -and 1s preferably closed only after the crank pin has passed the upper dead centeigwhereupon the sleeve valve is brought to its neutral position by the action of the cam portion 28 on the surface 2T, the inwardly-inclined cam portion 29d allowing this movement, while remaining in contact with the surface 27, The same. cycle of operation is then repeated. A lt will be noted that by my newarrangement I practically eliminate all friction beyond the usual amount existing,r between a piston and the cylinder in which it reciprocates. The extent of movement of the sleeve valve is very small, and very little power isV required for the shifting of this valve.

Moreover', this shifting eithertakes place in the same direction in which the pistonimoves at that time, or the shifting is assisted. by the conditions prevailing in the working chamber. Thus, to open the inlet, the sleeve moves inward, that is, in the same direction the piston, and the suction exerted by the The closing; of the inlet (outward movement of the sleeve valve) coincides with the upward movement oiE the piston and is assisted by the compres-M the working chamber., To open the exhaust, the sleeve must move outward; while at this time the piston is practically at a standstill, the movement of the valve is assisted by the pressure still prei/'ailingv within the working chamber. .l41 inally, the closing of the eX- haust port (inward movement of the valve sleeve) coincides 'with the downward movement oi. the piston and lis assisted by the suction which the latter begins to eXertin the Working chamber. i

It is a further important advantage of my invention, that the power for shifting the sleeve valve is exerted axially, practically in the center line ot movement of the sleeve, instead of at one point -ot' the sleeves circumference, asy with; the usual two sleeve arrangement. l thereby eliminate one of the serious drawbacks of sleeve-valve motors, as pointed out above.

- The shitting of the sleeve valve by means of the cam takes place very quickly, and owing to the fact that the inlet and outlet ports are formed ofnarrow kslots of large circumferential extent, a maximum amount of driving' medium can be admitted and a maximum amount of burnt gases exhausted in the short space of time available for these operations. i

l claim as my invention t 1. lin an engine, a stationary cylinder casi ing. a reciprocating piston located in said casing', a cylinder in sliding engagement with the piston and with said casing and interposed between them, said cylinder being iso closed et one @nil to ferm a Wmking; el zum nei' and having @time fnl. the mllniesion and @ninnns' nf lie dtiving inedimn, :i :anni il 'le di eylinden zifljncen iin 'm npeziting .id uylii'nleig n penned in f'liil cylinde' and nlnped lnlnirM ein@ nil im :mid wein. meenij'ne up" er A'-nd of amid reveee te prevenisiiplus eil *from i'eznifliing lie winl ing eimn'uee of the ylinen und e fiellcaeling 3in1* sind surplus oil in miel cylindel' `amnopen ai.

f i' and clown! nl itey upper end, e. pinion .viing k within iid Sleeve, i: mink e 'en wliivl: f, id nn is ifnnnewiwh inie und nniei p( in siid wenn' nerim of @nid Sleeve, enln ,ineens ce :inline willi iff upper-end n" Suid sleeve tn eil'ffi't iecip'l'ieninn ilu-freni, operating ineens fnv eind. cam menne, a :'eeese in the ontelend nl' uid sleeve in receive oil im lubricating aid mim mennen and en outwardly extendingr ilengre zn, *the nppur end 0i Said Sleeve for preventing oil :'fmn Suid efesas enteiing; beiween the willnli ille, cylinder :ind sleefs'e;

3, in, internal (folnlnzetion engine, non Eising in mnnln .iiirng :i cylindee open et iris upped: end e. eleei'l iitiing within seid en indei' :and elneed mi njipei' end, n pisinn fitting within seid sleei'e. n. :frank shaft; to

nel' end. i sleeve iii'ling within seid wenn@ 'silexxei'i'nfoceinn thereof, operating menne for' smid mun means. zi. recess in the outer end nl the sleeve forming :in oil bulli ifm :amid um means? n eoileving channel in the upper end nf-lw cylinder, und an outwardly exemling ilnngze :1t the upper end di said sleeve lmvng' oil grooves for deliveiinrg exul from seid recess tnzsnid channel.

4. An internal combustion engrinv. omnnrising in cmnliinetinn. :1 vylinder open at its upper end, u, sleeve fitting; within sind iylindei' :ind vlosed at its upper end, u piston fitting n'iliiin Said Sleeve, :l Tank slnxit to wlxivli Suid piston. unnneetml. inlet und outlet pnxts in Huid cylinder

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