US1579425A - Single sleeve valve for internal-combustion engines, steam engines, and the like - Google Patents

Description

April '6 1925;

W. B. WILSON SINGLE SLEEVE VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES STEAM ENGINES', AND THE LIKE Filed 001;. 15, 1924 mrwayilzw Patented Apr. 6, i926,

onus STATES PATENT OFFICE.

. wnznran snows WILSON, or 'wnpnnsi t, ENGLAND.

sin-ens. snnnvn vnnvn non m'rnsnnzt-oomeosrroir enemas, s'rzs'amenemas, AND THE LIKE.

Application filed October 15, 1924. Serial at. 748,784.

Z '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM BROWN 'WILsoN, a subject of the King of. England, and a resident of No.14: Dickson Road,-Well- Hall, S; E. 9, in the county'of Kent, Kingdom of Great Britain, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Single.

Sleeve Valves for Internal-Combustion Em gi'ncs, Steam Engines, and the like, of which 19 the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings. The present invention relates to single sleeve valves for internal combustion en ginemstean engines and the like, the principal object of the inven' on being to proride a novel and simple form of single sleeve valve which can be conveniently operatcd so as to be positive in action and is effective to present a'large port area for 29 the admission. and emission or exhaust, of the Working fluid, a condition which is essential for satisfactory operation of high speed engines, insuring, as it does, high volumetric efficiency at such speeds.

Further objects, advantages and novel features'ot' design, constructlonand. arrangement comprehended by the invention Wlll be apparent as the nature thereof is better understood from the following description 39 of: one embodiment of the invention which I have illustrated on the accompanying drawing forming a part hereof.

In said drawing Fig. 1 is a fragmentary vertical central. section through the cylinder of an engine constructed in accordancewith my invention, and Fig. 2 18 a fragmentary horizontal section on line 22 in Fig. 1 looking in the direction. of the arrows. Like symbols are used to designate the same parts to in both figures.

As shown, the engine comprises the usual cylinder block 1 disposed on the crank case 2 which encloses the crank shaft 3 connected by the connecting rod 4 with the piston 5 in the usual manner, the cylinder block be ing arranged to provide a space or chamber 6 for the circulation of cooling water and the interior oi the block being bored. out to i'orm the cylinder 7.

- Within the cylinder 7 and forming a worknt thenpper endof the cylindrical por and ahove the upper end of the block,

so tie.

and terminates thereabove.

.symmetricall ng fit therein I dispose a sleeve, 8 which, adais increased in diameter so as to form a. flange or run 8" which outwardly overhangs and rests on the upper end of the block. From cylinder block and arranged to provide an internal chamber 12- for the circulation of cooling water and the, spindle 10 is extended upwardly through a suitable bore in the head The sleeve is machined internally in its cylindrical portion to receive the piston 5 and also above its cylindrical portion to form the combustion space or chamber above the piston which chamber is similar in shape to the adjacent exterior of the head of the sleeve and in this portion of the sleeve 8. pluralit of suitable ports 13 are provided, preferab y three in number (see Fig. 2). Through these ports, which are preferably spaced about the head, the working flni such as the combustible mix ture employed in internal combustion engines, is admitted to the combustion chamher and cylinder during the inlet stroke of the piston and a portion thereof exhausted during the exhaust stroke thereof after'hav in beenburned therein.

llhe interior surface of the cylinder head 1-1 is, also-suitably machined and finished to conform to the outer surface of the head .of

the sleeve so as to form a gas tight fit therewith and the end of the spindle 10 projecting above the cylinder head is interiorly bored and threaded to freceive a spark plug 15,the bore being extended centrally downward in the headto terminate at the upper end of the combustion chamber.

The cylinder head is provided with r mality of ports, preferably four innumber,

'deslgnated at 16-16, 17-17, said orts being formed in the wall thereof wiich lies adjacent the head/of the sleeve and extending outwardly therefrom to the exterior of the. head for connection at that point to suitable pipes or manifolds. For-convenience of description, the ports 16 may be coneidered as the inlet ports and the ports 1? as the exhaust ports, but obviously these relations may be reversed if desired. lit Will be noted that the disposition of the ports Where they pass through the cylinder head Walls is such that they extend in a more or less radial direction with respect thereto and that the general direction of the pas sages respectively leading from the ports is such that-streams oi; fluid simultaneously entering the cylinder on the inlet stroke from either the ports 16-16 or 1"i'-17 will con verge upon each other, giving rise to the silent known as turluilencewhich is of ad vantage in increasing the efiicicncy oi the engine particularly at low speeds.

The shape of the several ports to which reference has just been made may preferably generally conform to that of an isosceles triangle Whose base, disposed normal to the axis of the cylinder, is substantially one half the height of the legs but under certain conditions it may be found desirable to somewhat modify the "form of port employed, it being, however, understood that ordinarily the shape and a ma oi the various ports in the sleeve and in the cylinder head Will be substantiall similar to each other.

I also preferably provide an auxiliary port 18 in the sleeve toward the lower end thereof: and at a position to be uncovered by the piston 5 as it approaches the lower end, oi its stroke and a corresponc'ling port 19 in the cylinder Wall disposed to register therewith, these ports being operative to permit a certain amount of the cxhaust gases to pass out of the cylinder toward the end of the cxhaust stroke with resulting" reduction in internal pressure in the cylinder before the sleeve is oscillated by suitable actuating mechanism.

A preferred form of: mechanism ior clfecting oscillation of the sleeve forms the subject of and is claimed in a separate appligation for l ictters Patent of the United States executed by me oi even date herewith and entitled Improvements in mechanism for opcraing single sleeve valves for internal combustion engines, steam engines and the like, Serial Number T l-3,7 35, and extended description thereof herein is therefore omitted, it being sullicicut for the purposes of this applicalion to say that said mechanism through the medium oi? gear 20 disposed on the projecting end of the spindle 10 and suitably connected with a vertical 1 Shaft 20 actuated from a cam shalt 21 disposed in the crane case, is operative at properly tuned intervals to eii'ect an oscillation of: the sleeve in the horizontal. plane so as to bring two of the 'ior'l's in its head into registry either with the ports 16 or the ports 17 and thus permit the admission or exhaust oi the gases or other working fluid to or from the cylinder.

newness This sleeve actuating mechanism is pie-h 'erably so timed with respect to the movement of the piston that during the "major portions of: the compression and power strokes of the latter all of-the ports 16 l7 closed (see Fig. 2), While during the inlet and exhaust strokes the sleeve is re tated through an angle preferably approximating 31, first in one direction and then in the opposite direction, thus bringing two of the ports 13 opposite the ports 16 or the ports 17 at each. oscillation of the sleeve, thereby admitting the gases to or allowing them to escape from the cylinder. hitherto stated, the auxiliary exhaust ports and 19 are effective to permit the escape ot a certain quantity oi the exhaust as the piston approaches the lower end of power stroke, these ports, then coincident With each other, being uncovered by the piston. and the sleeve having not as yet cone inenced its movement of oscillation from the piston shown in Fig. 2, but as the piston ap proaches the lower end of the inlet stroke and thereby uncovers the poi-t lt the escape of the hush gases tlicrcthrough is prevented since as the sleeve has-been oscillated in the opposite di action to open the inlet ports during ibis stroke and thereby permitthe adn'iission oi? the gas, the port 18 has maveled away from the port 19 which is thus covered by the body oi the sleeve with consequent prcvcnthui of the escape of the fresh It will thus be apparent that through llie medium of my invention it is possible to tain by means of a single slccve having' movement through but a small angle and in a single plane, a very rapid opening and closing of the inlet and exhaust ports -well as ports of maximum area with consequent niarlzcd increase in volumetric elliciency; that I am enabled to so locate the spark plug or other ignition 'nieans as to prevent detonation and insure the rapid propz iiou oi llama lhi'oug hout the cons pressed gases: that I provide a combustion chamber of ideally eiiicicnt shape, Without pockets, containing no mass of nietal liable to become overheated with consequent everl'ieating and possibledistortion of the and that the whole of the sleeve head coniinual contac with the atcr jaclic cylinder head Wall with consequent adequ dissipation. of the surplus heat.

its

' have referred without departing from the ing a terminal exhaust port in its wall, a cylinder head and a sleeve valve disposed partially within the cylinder and partially within the head, that portion of the valve disposed in the cylinder comprising a port adapted to register with said exhaustport and that portion of the .valve above the cylinder, being" increased in diameter adjacent thereto to provide an overhanging flange seating on the end of. the cylinder and then curved upwardly and inward] to merge into a cylindrical spindle extend ing through the head.

2. An engine comprising a cylinder having a termmal'exhaust port in the lower part of its wall, a cylinder head and a sleeve di's'posed partially within the cylinder and partially within the head, that portion of the sleeve disposed within the cylinder lrav ing a port adapted to register with said terminal exhaust port and that'portion of the sleeve within the head being of greater diameter at itsbase than thecylinder and thence upwardly and inwardlrcurved and provided with a plurality of orts and the cylinder head being also provi ed with portsadapted for registration with the ports in thesleeve. i

- 3. An engine comprising a cylinder, 11 cylinder head, a. piston and" an osclllatory' sleeve extending in the cylinder and in thehead and in which the piston is adapted to reciprocate, that portionof the sleeve in the head being curved upwardly and inwardly and (provided with a. plurality of ports adapte head, said sleeve beingprovided near its lower end with an auxiliary exhaust port and said cylinder having a port adapted to register therewith, and means for eil'eeting oscillation of the sleeve.

4. "An engine as specified in claim 10 and in which the auxiliary exhaust port is so positioned as to be uncovered by thepiston toward the lower end" of its stroke.

5. A11 engine as spccified in claim 10 and. in which said sleeve. oscillating means are so timed that the auxiliary port in the sleeve will register with the auxiliary portin the cylinder when the piston approaches the lower end of its power stroke and will be out of registry therewith when the piston approaches the lower end of its inlet stroke.

6. An engine having a cylinder having an auxiliary exhaust port in its wall, a. re-

movable cylinder head having a plurality of ports and an oscillatory sleeve disposed in the cylinder and extendin it into the head, said sleeve having a port adapted to registerwith said auxiliary exhaust port and being provided with an overhanging flange adapted to rest on the upper end of the c linder and being upwardly'and inwar 1y carved from said flange andprovided with to register with portsin the a'plurality of ports'in said curved surface adapted to register with the ports in the head, the interior of said head being formed to coincide and form a gas tight fit with said "J surface, and means for oscillating said sleeve within the cylinder and the head so as to move the ports into and out of registry In witness whereof, I have hereunto set myhand this 2ndday of October, 1924;.

WILLIAM BROWN WILSQN.

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