US1075580A

US1075580A - Internal-combustion engine.

Info

Publication number: US1075580A
Application number: US70963?12A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harry Austin Knox
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Publication date: 1913-10-14
Anticipated expiration: 1930-10-14

Description

H. A. KNOX. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULZlS, 1912.

Patentedflct. 14, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHBBT 1.

LVVEN'TOR, Harry if, Knew,

A 7101mm?- H. A. KNOX.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTIDN ENGINE.

APPLIGATION FILED JULY 16,1912,

To all whom may 0021mm Be it known that I, HARRY A. Knox, a citizen of the United {States America, siding at Springfield. in the county of Hampden and State of lilasscchusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in lnternal-Combustion l lngines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion. engines of the type in which. a sliding sleeve is used to control the inlet and exhaust ports.

The primary object of the invention is to provide improved form of positively act ing slide valves to control the outgoing haust gases from the combustion chamber and to control the incoming charge to the combustion chamber. I

In carrying out the objects of the invention, the usual stationary cylinder is employed which is bolted OT-OtlIQZWlSQ secured to the crank case. 2i movable valve-sleeve is located in the cylinder and has a sliding bearing; on the inner surface of the cylinder Wall. The usual piston is located Within the movable sleeve and a cylinder head which is attached to and closes the upper end oi the cylinder provides a convenient means for gaining access to the interior of the cylinder for cleaning or repairs. This head is so formed that a part of the same projects into the cylinder so to make or leave an annular space between it and the inside Wall of the cylinder and into which space the upper most end of the sleeve slides or moves. said sleeve having a hearing on said downwardly projecting portion of the cylinder-head.

Located in parallel relation to the axis of the cylinder, and in one side thereof, is formed a groove or, channel Which extends the entire length of the bore of the cylinder. In this channel is located a slide valve which moves freely up and down. This valve is concave-co" v in cross section. the concave part of W lC... hears nst the outer convex surface the valve sleeve. said hearing sow faces ha mg the same i: dius.

if'tclor :o my invention, internal couil'aistion. have been constrmrtcd with slide valves in which two sliding slecvcs are our ploycd, engines having; a single sliding; sleev the sleeve levies; an oscillatingas Well a rs ocati motion impacted thereto. 1 m also aware that engines have been euil" noble slidingslecve comivit vsive at the side; also It am aware that engines have been built With one sliding sleeve and a reciprocating round plug valve in the sigle ot' the cylinder.

In engines of the two sleeve type, the side thrust of the piston at two points in the en gine cycle is directly transmitted against both the sleeves with the result that about twice as much friction is developed as with the single sleeve type ct engine, resulting in a large loss of eiilciency. In engines which employ a single sleeve and to which a reciprocating and oscillating motion is imparted, it is necessary to give to the sleevea longer stroke with a result that loss by friction is enhanced in providing su'tiicient exhaust and. inlet openings. lfn this type of engines a very complicated means of operation is necessarily required.

In many internal combustion engines having a single sleeve and a rotating valve or round plug and a slide valve at the side, there is after each exhaust stroiie, at large volume of the burned gas caught in the haust port of the cylinder, and also in the port of the rotating or sliding valve with the result that vvhen a fresh charge is drawn into the cylinder these exhaust or burned gases are sucked haclr into the combustion chamber on the iii-take stroke, thus diluting the incoming) cl arse and again reducine' ciiiciency of the In the present invention these various objections have been OVOX'COYIIQ by the use a single sliding sleeve and a single sliding valve. in which the movable sleeve is provided with only a single port thereby reducing the loss by leakage to a minimum; and as the inlet charge is immodiatcly drawn in through this port after the hot exhaust gases have been expelled therefrom, the new incoming gases have a tendency to cool the port edges and to keep them free from the carbon deposits.

lily invention Will be fully described by reference to the accompanying" drawings which form a part of the specification and in ivhich,-

l in'ure l a vertica longitudinal seetime through the axis of the cylinder showing the relation of the single sleeve and sliding: valve: also illustrating the driving connection between the engine shaft and the crank or eccentric shaft, end the connections hctwcen the piston, sleeve, sliding valve, and the eccentric shaft. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional vievv on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1 showing the relation of the sliding" sleeve and slide valve at the point in. the cycle of operations at the beginning of the working or power stroke, with the exhaust port closed. Fig. 3 is a detailed. view on the line 3-8 of Fig. 1 showing the opening in the slide valve through which the inlet or incoming charge passes and its relation to the sliding sleeve; also showing the single opening in the sleeve. Fig. is a detailed view showing the relation of the moving parts at the beginning of the opening of the exhaust port, and particularly, the position of the piston when in its lowermost position and about to return on its upward or exhaust stroke. Fig. 5 shows the position. of the movable parts at the instant the exhaust port closes, and the inlet port is about to open. Fig. tl shows the position of the movable parts when the inlet has just closed and the piston is about to make its compression. stroke.

Referring to the drawings in detail a designates the cylinder of the engine and bthe crank-case which is attached to the lower end of the cylinder in the usual way. in this crank-case is located the crank-shaft c and the cam or eccentric shaft d.

e designates a chain drive between the two shafts and, as usual, the rate of rotation is made two to one, that is to say,--two revolutions of the crankshaft to one of the cam or eccentric shaft.

f designates the cylinder head that is se cured to, and closes the upper end of, the cylinder a and which\ projects downward into the bore of the engine cylinder as shown. This cylinder head formed with its depending portion 9 of smaller diameter than the bore of the cylinder to provide the space it between the depending portion 9" and the internal wall of the cylinder. This space is designed to receive the upper end i of the movable sleeve 9' which hasa bearing on said portion 9 of the head. The sleeve is operated by means of the connecting rod is, its upper end being connected to the lug m on the lower end of the sleeve 7'. and its lower connection being made with the cam or eccentric shaft d.

0 designates a slide valve which is mounted in a channel or groove 39 that is drilled or formed in parallel relation to the axis of tee cylinder (2 and of the same length." This slide Valve is operable from the cam-shaft (Z by means of a connecting rod ,7 its upper end being attached to a lug 71 on the lower end of the slide'valve 0 and its lower end connected to the camshaftoZ. The slide valve 0 is provided with two ports, an inlet port 1" and an exhaust port a. lhe sleeve 7', is provided with a single opening 4), in the upper portion thereof, which at'a certain point in the cycle of operation, will register with the inlet port r and at another point with the exhaust port 16. ii hen the opening o registers with the inlet port 9", comnuinication is established between the inte rior of the cylinder and the port a, which allows the charge from the carburetor to pass through the pipe 8 to the cylinder. 0

When the opening 0 registers with the port in the slide valve 0, communication is established between the interior of the cylinder and the exhaust port a, which allows the burned gases to escape through the exhaust pipe u. The usual water jacket is shown at w, and the pipe connections leading thereto at m and The manner of connecting the rods and g and the sleeve j and slide valve 0 is such that they are nearly ninety degrees apart, as clearly shown in the figures, and have substantially the same length of stroke, the difference in the length of stroke being indicated by the circles shown at 3, Fig. l. The usual piston and packing rings are shown at i and 5. The direction of rotation of the engine shaft is shown by thearrow 6, and therefore during the power or explosive stroke, the thrust action of the connecting rod '2' between the piston 7 and the shaft 0 is directed away from the slide valve 0 thus permitting this valve to Sllle lfl0l'8 freely with practically no loss from friction. This is an i ortantfeature as in en ines of the two sleeve type the thrust of the connecting rod that is transmitted to the inner sleeve and from that to the outer sleeve results in loss of elliciency in operation.

Referring now to the operations of the sleeve j, slide valve 0, and the piston of the engine: In the position of the parts shown in 1, the piston is just starting on its power stroke with both the inlet and exhaustports closed. Fig. t shows the position of the parts at the end of the power stroke and the beginning of the registration of the port 11 with the exhaust port if in the slide valve and the port a ,the sleeve j and the slide valve 0 both traveling in the same direction, but the sleeve traveling faster than the slide valve. The position. of the parts as shown in Fig. 5 is after the piston has reached the end of its exhaust stroke and the burned gases have been expelled and the port 1) closed from communication with the port 6. This is also the position of the parts at the beginning of the suction or in take stroke as the continued movement of "the slide valve downward. will bring the ports 7' and 0 into registration and permit a fresh charge to enter the combustion chamber.

The position of the parts. shown in Fig. 6 is that at the end of the suction stroke after the closure'of the inlet ports '1) and r has taken place and at thebeginning of the compression stroke, the last step showingthe position of the parts as in Fig. lwhich is at the beginning (it the explosive or power stroke with the ports closed. At the end of the exhaust stroke of the piston, the

exhaust passage in the slide valve moves down and out of register With the port in the sleeve. The inlet passage in' the slide valve comes into register With the port in the sleeve immediately after the exhaust passage is closed and during the suction stroke of the piston. This allows the incoming charge to pass through the inlet port of the cylinder, through the inlet passage of the slide valve, through the port in the sleeve into the combustion chamber.

i l hat I claim, is

In an internal. combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder having a channel 0; groove formed in the bore of the cylinder and extending the entire length of said bore, e sleeve in niovablecontact With the inside surface of said cylinder, a piston in movable contact with the inside of said sleeve, a valve member movable in said channel in contact With a part. of the external surface 0t said sleeve, a port in the sleeve through which the inlet and rxhaust gases pass, an exhaust passage in the valve member ada9ted to form a communication with tie port in the sleeve and with the exhaust port in the cylinder during the exhaust stroke of the piston, an inlet port in the valve menibcr adapted to form a eonin'iunicition with the port in the sleeve and with the inlet port in the cylinder during the iii-take or snotion stroke of the piston and, connecting rods directly connecting the lower ends of said sleeve and valve member with cranks on the eccentric shaft, means for imparting motion to the sleeve, eccentric shaft, and slide valve.

Witnesses WM. H. glint 1N, K. I. Ciimsjoizs.