US1398452A - Automatic rifle - Google Patents

Automatic rifle Download PDF

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Publication number
US1398452A
US1398452A US327494A US32749419A US1398452A US 1398452 A US1398452 A US 1398452A US 327494 A US327494 A US 327494A US 32749419 A US32749419 A US 32749419A US 1398452 A US1398452 A US 1398452A
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United States
Prior art keywords
bolt
barrel
cartridge
chamber
magazine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US327494A
Inventor
Ira W Wagnon
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to US327494A priority Critical patent/US1398452A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A13/00—Cooling or heating systems; Blowing-through of gun barrels; Ventilating systems
    • F41A13/12—Systems for cooling the outer surface of the barrel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/25—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins
    • F41A19/26—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin and the breech-block or bolt forming one piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/78—Bolt buffer or recuperator means
    • F41A3/90—Fluid buffers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
    • F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
    • F41A9/10—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging
    • F41A9/13—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane
    • F41A9/16—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane which is parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A9/17—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane which is parallel to the barrel axis mounted within a smallarm

Definitions

  • Patented NOV. 29, 1921 Patented NOV. 29, 1921.
  • Figure 1 is a partial longitudinal section at the magazine
  • Fig. 2 is a partial horizontal section
  • Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of a port-ion of the bolt
  • Fig. 4 is an end View of the barrel.
  • the improved gun comprises the usual barrel 1 connected to the frame 2, and this frame carries a compression chamber 3 1n alinement with the barrel.
  • the bolt 4 has a head 5 at the end remote from the barrel, and this head moves in the compression chamber, thesaid "head having compression rings, as shown.
  • the cartridges are arranged within a magazine 10 which is detachably connected with the barrel and frame, and which may be released from the barrel and frame by means of a catch 11.
  • the cartridges are arranged in the magazine in inclined position, being inclined at an angle of approximately fortyfive degrees, and they are. arranged with the bullet end downward.
  • a follower 12 engages the cartridgesremote from the bolt 4, and a spring 13 is i arranged between the front of the magazine
  • An extractor from the magazine is connected with the bolt, the said device comprising a pair of arms 14 lltll have catches 15 on their mncr faces not engaging the rim of the cartridge in a well known manner, to draw the same out of the magazine and in position to be loaded into the barrel.
  • the bolt 4, the firing pin and the feeding device 11 constitute an integral structure and the compression in the chamber 3 is such that the bolt will not be driven rearwardly until the projectile is at the muzzle of the barrel. At this moment the gas pressure will overcome the inertia of the bolt, and willv force the bolt backward far enough to open the chamber to permit the escape ofgas. As soon as the pressure is relaxed the compression in the chamber 3 will drive the bolt forwardly.
  • a rod or link 15 is pivoted at one end to the bolt, and the other end passes through a stuffing box 16 in a cylinder 17 arranged just below the compression chamber 3.
  • a piston 18 is connected with the link or rod, the said piston having compression rings, and the piston moves in the cylinder 17.
  • This cylinder 17 and piston 18 constitute a double acting pump, which supplies air for cooling the barrel.
  • tubular member encircles the vanes at the peripheral edges thereof, and thus a series of chambers is provided, extending longitudinally of the barrel from the breech to the muzzle.
  • the pump 17-18 delivers to these chambers through the collar 20 which is a distributing collar.
  • the chamber communicates with the collar by means of a pipe 21, and the pipe has openings near the ends of the cylinder.
  • the cylinder has also a suitable check controlled inlet 21.
  • the rifle is armed by means of a charging handle 22 connected with the bolt and extending laterally through the frame.
  • the bolt is held in charging position by means of a trigger pawl 23 which engages a catch 24 on the bolt when the bolt is drawn rearw'ardly far enough to be behind the trigger pawl.
  • the trigger pawl is connected to the trigger 24 by means of a link 25 and a spring 26 cooperates with the trigger and The link is fulcrurned on a bracket 27in the frame 3.
  • the rearmost cartridge in the magazine is grasped by the arms 14 and is drawn rearwardly by the bolt when the rifle is charged.
  • the cartridge rides upon the inclined end of a carrier 28 which is arranged within the frame in rear of the magazine.
  • This carrier is normally pressed upward by a spring 29 and is held downward by the piston rod 15, when the bolt is in forward position.
  • the carrier When the bolt is drawn rearwardly into charging position and the catch 24 is engaged With the pawl 23, the carrier, as soon as the bolt has moved behind the same, will lift the cartridge upwardly, and the said cartridge will be centered in position to enter the chamber 6 by means of a detent 30 just above the carrier.
  • the trigger is operated to release the pawl, the compressed air in the chamber, 3 will move the bolt forwardly, and the cartridge carried by the carrier will be driven into the chamber 6.
  • the pin 8 is spring mounted to yield ⁇ under a predetermined pressure. This spring is strong enough to move the cartridge ahead of the firing pin, so that the firing pin does not engage the primer until the cartridge has been seated in the cartridge chamber and cannot be moved farther by the spring pressed pin.. The pin now yields and the firing pin enters the primer, detona-ting the cartridge.
  • a barrel having a compression chamber in alinement therewith, a bolt having a plunger working in the compression chamber and a portion extending into the barrel when in operative position and sealing the same, means controlled by the movement of the bolt for feeding cartridges in succession to the barrel, said bolt having a firing pin rigid therewith, and a spring held cartridge guard extending beyond the firing pin for insuring the insertion of a cartridge before the firing pin engages the same.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Description

l. W. WAGNON.
AUTOMATIC RIFLE.
APPLICATION FILED SEPT-30,1919.
7 INVENTOR L Wh a'g/m/e.
Patented NOV. 29, 1921.
WITNESSES C EY YAI IWY A TTOR/VEYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
IRA W. WAGNON, OF CASA GRANDE, ARIZONA, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF TO JOHN F. BROWN, OF CASA GRANDE, ARIZONA.
AUTOMATIC RIFLE.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Nov. 29, 1921.
Application filed September 30, 1919. Serial No. 327,494.
T 0 all 10]: am it may con cern:
Be it known that I, IRA \V. \Vaoxon, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Casa Grande, in the county of Final and State of Arizona, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic recoil springs are eliminated.
In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a partial longitudinal section at the magazine;
Fig. 2 is a partial horizontal section;
Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of a port-ion of the bolt;
Fig. 4 is an end View of the barrel.
The improved gun comprises the usual barrel 1 connected to the frame 2, and this frame carries a compression chamber 3 1n alinement with the barrel. The bolt 4 has a head 5 at the end remote from the barrel, and this head moves in the compression chamber, thesaid "head having compression rings, as shown.
The other end of the bolt moves in the reamed out breech portion or cartridge chamber 6 of the barrel,'and this end is also rovided with compression rings as shown.
he said end has a firing pin 7 and a cartridge guard and ejector 8. The cartridges, indicated at 9, are arranged within a magazine 10 which is detachably connected with the barrel and frame, and which may be released from the barrel and frame by means of a catch 11. The cartridges are arranged in the magazine in inclined position, being inclined at an angle of approximately fortyfive degrees, and they are. arranged with the bullet end downward.
A follower 12 engages the cartridgesremote from the bolt 4, and a spring 13 is i arranged between the front of the magazine An extractor from the magazine is connected with the bolt, the said device compris ing a pair of arms 14 lltll have catches 15 on their mncr faces not engaging the rim of the cartridge in a well known manner, to draw the same out of the magazine and in position to be loaded into the barrel. The bolt 4, the firing pin and the feeding device 11 constitute an integral structure and the compression in the chamber 3 is such that the bolt will not be driven rearwardly until the projectile is at the muzzle of the barrel. At this moment the gas pressure will overcome the inertia of the bolt, and willv force the bolt backward far enough to open the chamber to permit the escape ofgas. As soon as the pressure is relaxed the compression in the chamber 3 will drive the bolt forwardly.
A rod or link 15 is pivoted at one end to the bolt, and the other end passes through a stuffing box 16 in a cylinder 17 arranged just below the compression chamber 3. A piston 18 is connected with the link or rod, the said piston having compression rings, and the piston moves in the cylinder 17. This cylinder 17 and piston 18 constitute a double acting pump, which supplies air for cooling the barrel.
It will be noticed, referring to Figs. 1 andthe barrel, the said vanes being of relatively' great width and placed relatively close. tubular member encircles the vanes at the peripheral edges thereof, and thus a series of chambers is provided, extending longitudinally of the barrel from the breech to the muzzle.
The pump 17-18 delivers to these chambers through the collar 20 which is a distributing collar. The chamber communicates with the collar by means of a pipe 21, and the pipe has openings near the ends of the cylinder. The cylinder has also a suitable check controlled inlet 21.
The rifle is armed by means of a charging handle 22 connected with the bolt and extending laterally through the frame. The bolt is held in charging position by means of a trigger pawl 23 which engages a catch 24 on the bolt when the bolt is drawn rearw'ardly far enough to be behind the trigger pawl. The trigger pawl is connected to the trigger 24 by means of a link 25 and a spring 26 cooperates with the trigger and The link is fulcrurned on a bracket 27in the frame 3.
The rearmost cartridge in the magazine is grasped by the arms 14 and is drawn rearwardly by the bolt when the rifle is charged. The cartridge rides upon the inclined end of a carrier 28 which is arranged within the frame in rear of the magazine. This carrier is normally pressed upward by a spring 29 and is held downward by the piston rod 15, when the bolt is in forward position. When the bolt is drawn rearwardly into charging position and the catch 24 is engaged With the pawl 23, the carrier, as soon as the bolt has moved behind the same, will lift the cartridge upwardly, and the said cartridge will be centered in position to enter the chamber 6 by means of a detent 30 just above the carrier.
\Vhen the trigger is operated to release the pawl, the compressed air in the chamber, 3 will move the bolt forwardly, and the cartridge carried by the carrier will be driven into the chamber 6. The pin 8 is spring mounted to yield} under a predetermined pressure. This spring is strong enough to move the cartridge ahead of the firing pin, so that the firing pin does not engage the primer until the cartridge has been seated in the cartridge chamber and cannot be moved farther by the spring pressed pin.. The pin now yields and the firing pin enters the primer, detona-ting the cartridge. When the trigger is held down, that is, with the pawl in re leased position, the rifiewill fire continuously, being operated by the recoil.
I claim:
1. In combination, in an automatic rifle, a barrel having a compression chamber in alinement therewith, a bolt having a plunger working in the compression chamber and a portion extending into the barrel when in operative position and sealing the same, means controlled by the movement of the bolt for feeding cartridges in succession to the barrel, said bolt having a firing pin rigid therewith, and a spring held cartridge guard extending beyond the firing pin for insuring the insertion of a cartridge before the firing pin engages the same.
2. In combination in an automatic rifle, a barrel, a' magazine below the barrel, a bolt moved in one direction by the recoil, a compression device for returning the bolt, said bolt having means for withdrawing a cartridge from the magazine, means cooperating therewith for moving the cartridge into alinement with the barrel, and a spring supported cartridge engaging pin on the bolt for moving the cartridge in the barrel in advance of the firing pin.
IRA W. WAGNON.
.Witnesses:
A. J. BRUNT, EMOGENE THOMAS.
US327494A 1919-09-30 1919-09-30 Automatic rifle Expired - Lifetime US1398452A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2479770A (en) * 1948-02-27 1949-08-23 Alton M Olson Cartridge feeding magazine for firearms
US2536597A (en) * 1946-09-05 1951-01-02 Daniel And Florence Guggenheim Recoil-operated feeding apparatus for a combustion chamber used in aerial propulsion
US2922339A (en) * 1945-11-30 1960-01-26 George A Hawkins Gun cooling valve
US3298282A (en) * 1964-02-22 1967-01-17 Rheinmetall Gmbh Buffer systems for automatic firearms
US20020178901A1 (en) * 2000-12-01 2002-12-05 Inventech/Usa Firearm pneumatic counter-recoil modulator & airgun thrust-adjustor
WO2014079799A1 (en) * 2012-11-21 2014-05-30 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Mass-lockable weapon locking system
US11105574B1 (en) * 2020-06-01 2021-08-31 Caleb Crye Firearm

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2922339A (en) * 1945-11-30 1960-01-26 George A Hawkins Gun cooling valve
US2536597A (en) * 1946-09-05 1951-01-02 Daniel And Florence Guggenheim Recoil-operated feeding apparatus for a combustion chamber used in aerial propulsion
US2479770A (en) * 1948-02-27 1949-08-23 Alton M Olson Cartridge feeding magazine for firearms
US3298282A (en) * 1964-02-22 1967-01-17 Rheinmetall Gmbh Buffer systems for automatic firearms
US20020178901A1 (en) * 2000-12-01 2002-12-05 Inventech/Usa Firearm pneumatic counter-recoil modulator & airgun thrust-adjustor
US6668478B2 (en) 2000-12-01 2003-12-30 Jason Bergstrom Firearm pneumatic counter-recoil modulator & airgun thrust-adjustor
WO2014079799A1 (en) * 2012-11-21 2014-05-30 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Mass-lockable weapon locking system
US11105574B1 (en) * 2020-06-01 2021-08-31 Caleb Crye Firearm
US12031793B1 (en) * 2020-06-01 2024-07-09 Caleb Crye Firearm

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