US1382060A - Reinforced concrete structure - Google Patents

Description

Patented June 21, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

8. CHARLES.

REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR-26,1918.

Elvweutoz Cll'tozneq 1 A q 1 U I 1 m M u w 8. CHARLES,

REINFORCED coucnm STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR-26' l9l8.

Patented June 21, 1921.

[SHEETS-6H5 drtozuu FME.

SEWARD CHARLES, OF WASHKNG'TUN, DISTRIGI OF COLUMBIA.

REINFGBGED CON Application filed March 26, 1918.

To all whom it may concern:

lie it'lmown that l, Snwano Cnnnnrs, a citizen of the United States, residing at v l/ashington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful linprovements in Reinforced Concrete Structures; and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to concrete structures in general and to means for producing the same, but has reference more particularly to novel and improved means for reinforcing such concrete structures, and for accurately spacing and retaining their reinforcing elements in position during the process of pouring, shaping or otherwise forn'iing the completed structure.

This invention has for an object the pr0- duction of monolithic reinforced concrete structures characterized by an unusual degree of strength, rigidity and durability, as compared with their extreme light weight.

The invention also provides for, and makes possible the rapid production of such monolithic concrete structures with great accuracy and precision; and, While equally applicable to the construction of buildings, bridges, culverts, conduits, storm se ers, aqueducts, subways, tunnels and like structures of reinforced concrete or other suitable moldable material, the present invention is primarily designed and adapted for the manufacture of sea-going vessels. ln this latter use, therefore, by way of exemplilication, the invention will now be particularly described and thereafter pointed out by the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings which form part of this application for Letters Patent, and whereupon like reference characters indicate corresponding parts in the several. views:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical central sectional view illustrating, diagrammatically my invention as applied to the hull of a concrete vessel.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view showing in horizontal section the bow of a concrete veseel below its main deck.

Fig. 3 is a view corresponding with Fig. 2, but taken at the opposite end or stern of a vessel.

Fig. 4 is a vertical diagrammatic section Specification of Letters Patent.

llatented June 21, 13521.

Serial no. ceases.

alren transversely through the entire strucg. 5 is a fragi ientary detail View, showing in perspective my impro vcd double re inforcing elements, and means for accurately spacing the same.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail view taken transversely through either the hull, decks, or partitions of a vessel, and

Fig. '7 is also a fragmentary view of one reinforcing bar in side elevation, broken away to expose an attaching eye or loop formed therein.

, Reference being-had to the drawings and numerals thereon, 1 indicates the hull of a vessel, and 2, 2 horizontal decks thereof, the same being intersected by longitudinal pan titions 3, and by transverse partitions t at frequent intervals, as shown by l4L-, thus serving bulkheads to divide the entire vessel into a multiplicity of individual cells or compartments 5.

These compartments may be independent, or be made to communicate as shown, by agency of through ports or openings 6 in said longitudinal partitions 3, and bv openings such as '1' the transv rse partitions l. 'lHey may or may not be provided with doors or suitable closures (not shown), but are preferably of substantially circular form for the aforesaid purpose of establishcommunication between adjacent com- J I and also for reducing weight without materially weakening their respecive partitions.

The reinforcing means employed throughout the hull, decks, partitions, and the entire unitary construction of a vessel, include all 1,

a double series of vertical and horizontally arranged flexible metallic bars 8 and 9 respec .vcly, preferably of flat merchant iron and of suitable cross sectional area, as best shown by Fig. 5 of the drawingf:v These bars 8 and 9 are all deformed at suitable and regular intervals by eyes 10 punched out of the bars themselves, as best shown by F 5 and 7, and for purposes later to appear.

ln structural arrangement all bars 8 are crossed by bars 9, with one series of said eyes 10 equidistant from each point of intersection, and also oppositely disposed with relation to another series of eyes 10 similarly formed upon a duplicate set of crossed bars 8 and 9, as will be seen by reference to Figs. 5 and 6. By these figures also it will be observed that the aforesaid duplicate sets of reinforcing bars 8 and 9 are in turn spaced apart and connected by stirrups 11 of relatively stiff wire or rod iron, terminating at both ends in corresponding arcs 12. It will also be seen that these arcs 12 are positioned in parallel planes at right angles to that occupied by their respective rods or stirrups 11, and that each passes completely through one series of eyes 10 upon their re spective intersecting bars 8 and 9 of each set, thereby accurately spacing the aforesaid oppositely disposed sets of reinforcing bars, and effectually guarding against any displacement thereof during the process of pouring or otherwise applying concrete to the double metallic skeleton thus produced.

To this skeleton frame is applied suitable concrete by any suitable means, and of suit able consistency, although experience has shown that a relatively dry mixture of concrete possesses a greater compressive strength than concrete applied in a semi-liquid condition. Such a mixture is therefore preferred, and, as shown by Fig. 6, an additional element 13 may, when desired, be added outside of each set of bars 8-9, near opposite sides of the walls of the structure, this element 13 comprising a permanent metal fabric of relatively small mesh in large sheets, being inwardly looped upon itself at frequent intervals at 14 as a means of uniformly offsetting the sheets 13 from their adjacent reinforcing bars 8 and 9 to which they are wired as shown at 15, Fig. 6. By this means a uniform deposit of concrete outside of the reinforcing bars 8 and 9 is insured upon both sides of the structure, the

said reinforcing bars being thus uniformly embedded and protected from the action of water, the screen 13 serving also to confine the reasonably dry concrete, and to assist when desired in shaping or forming the structure.

Finally, an outside finish 16 of any suitable waterproof material is trowele'd upon, or otherwise applied to, the oppositely disposed screens 13, before the main body of concrete 17 has taken its initial set, the con crete body 17 and outer finishing surface 16 being securely bonded together through the meshes of said screens 13 to complete the structure.

When applied thus to the production of unitary hulls for vessels, it will be observed that a remarkably staunch and rigid structure is produced, based upon a combined arch and beam theory of construction, so

that forces exerted upon the shell or hull of the vessel, are in part carried by the arch structure thereof, and partly by the trans verse partitions 4: serving as beams between its transverse walls, while at the same time the partitions 3, the decks 2, 2, the sides, and keelson of the vessel constitute a most effective system of longitudinal braces.

Having thus described an embodiment of my invention, it should be understood that same is not confined for its'patentable novelty to the precise structural arrangement and combination of parts shown and described, nor yet to the proportion of parts, the material, or materials indicated, nor the article produced. Neither am I limited nor restricted to any particular method of pouring or shaping concrete structures, since any known form or manner of construction may be employed without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I do claim, however, and now desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A concrete structure having reinforcing elements embedded therein including in com bination oppositely disposed series of intersecting metallic bars, and arcs of relatively stiff wire interwoven with said bars to secure them together at their points of intersection.

2. A concrete structure having reinforcing elements embedded therein including in combination oppositely disposed series of intersecting metallic bars, eyes formed upon said bars, and arcs of relatively stiff wire interwoven through said eyes to secure the bars aforesaid together at their points of intersection'.

3. A concrete structure having embedded therein oppositely disposed'series of inter secting reinforcing bars, in combination with interposed stirrups, each of said stirrups arranged and adapted to connect the bars of each series and to space one series of said bars from the other.

i. A concrete structure having embedded near each outer face thereof a series of inter secting reinforcing bars, in combination with stirrups terminating at each end in arcs adapted to connect the bars of each series and to space one series of said bars from the other.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature, in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

SEWARD CHARLES.

Witnesses:

WM. E. Drnn, G. M. CHARLES.

Images