US1292173A - Concrete ship. - Google Patents

Description

J. R. WALSH.

CONCRETE SHIP.

APPLIcArloN man MAY-10.1913.

Patented Jan. 21, 1919.

4' SHEETS-SHEET Patented Jan.V 21, 1919.

4 sums-suriya.

l.. R. WALSH.

CONCRETE SHIP- Amlcmou msu mw lo. ma.

Patentd Jan. 2l, 1919.

4 suzirs-snssr a.

SPAS fs* anciana:

l. B. WALSH.

coNcnEIE SHIP.

APPLICATION FILED HAY l0. |918. 1,292,173. Patented Jan. 21,1919

4 SHEETS-SHEET JAMES B.. .WAIQSIL OF II'ACKSOlilVlILIIaIE, FLORIDA.

CONCRETE SHIP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Application led May 10, 1918. Serial No. 213,654.

In the ordinary construction of ships and especially concrete ships, great care h as to be taken to reinforce or brace the ship to prevent the collapse thereof transversely or athwartship but ractically no attention has been paid to t e strengthening or bracing the ship against the torsional or corkscrew movement. Ships are subjected to a torsional or cock-screw movement owing to the movement or pressure of the different waves a ainst different parts and unless this torsiona strain caused thereby is provided for, there will be a movement or yielding of the ship which will crack or fracture the concrete and make the ordinary concrete ship of no commercial use. In the ordinary structure of ships, the same has been braced by transverse deck beams, while in my improved ship the deck beams extend longitudinally of the shi and the -inner skin of the ship braced by ongitudinal girts or beams and the outer skin braced by Ithe usual form of ribs and intermediate frames ilnflll the whole tied together to forma solid I also provide torsional braceswhich may be of any number and extend from the stern to the bow spirally around the ship in both directions between the outer and inner skins and interlocked with the frame,

ribs, longitudinal girts or beams and the deck beams or girts, so that the ship is braced from bow to stern against the torsional strain to prevent any substantial yielding to cause the cracking or fracture of the cement.

The obj ect of my invention is to provide a simple and effective structure to obtain the desired results, having certain details of structure and combinations of elements hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of a ship constructed according to my invention showing the spiral torsional braces ygliagramjl matically:

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of Fig. 1 showing the torsional braces and bulk heads in dotted lines; 4 Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken on the line 3--3, Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged transverse sectional view showing one half of the ship;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged side elevation of a section of the ship showing the intersection of the ribs, beams, frame and torsional braces before Vthe outer skin is ap lied;

Fig. 6 is a transverse vertica sectional view taken on the line 6-6, Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a top plan view partly in section of the forward end of a modified form of ship; and

Fig. 8 is a transverse vertical section of the form of ship shown in Fig. 7.

Referring now'to the drawings, 1 represents the hull of my improved concrete ship, which as shown, is of the whale back type, adapted to withstand the battering of the Waves. This type of ship has been usually constructed of steel and it has been found that they can be made of concrete when .properly braced, to resist the torsional strain, the type of ship allowing for the continuous torsional braces 2 extending from the bow to the stern of the ship. These torsional braces extend spirally around the ship in both directions and from the bow to the stern as fully shown in Figs. l and 2 of the drawings. Any number of these braces can be employed and as heretofore stated, they extend spirally around the shi in opposite directions and intersect each ot er at several points along the hull, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

The ship as is understood, is constructed whollv of concrete, reinforced with metal and formed vof the double skinj'type as will be hereinafter more fully described. The keel 3 of the ship as shown in Fig. lof the drawings, is vertically disposed and formed of any number of longitudinally extendin r bars 4 which are covered with or wrapped with wire or expanded metal and filled in with concrete, forming a keel which ex- Patented Jan. 21, 1919.

tends from the stern 5 of the ship to the bow. This keel can be continued upwardly forming the stern post 5 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, although this could be readily varied without departing from my invention.

In the ordinary ship, the deck beams extend transversely of the ship 'but in a concrete whale back type of ship, it has been found that the ship is stronger and will withstand the torsional strain more readily by having the deck beams 6 extend longitudinally of the ship as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings.

The hull of a vessel or ship constructed under my invention consists of the keel 3 of the form heretofore described'. Extending vupwardly from the keel at the proper intervals, are the ribs 6 which terminate at the point 7 in the plane of the deck. Spaced between the ribs, are the frames 8 which are iny effect ribs but are of a width considerably greater than the ribs 6, so as to form a larger surface for tying the torsional braces as will be hereinafter more fully described. AThese frames 8 like the ribs 6, extend upwardly to the point 7 Hush with the deck 9 of the ship and are formedl of bars covered or wrapped with expanded metal or wire mesh and illed with cement or concrete forming the rectangular frames. The b-ars of both the ribs 6 and frames 8 intersect the keel and are electrically welded tothe bars 4 of the keel, so that when the ship is completed, the reinforcing bars are practically one formina more rigid and stronger ship.

xtending the entire length of the ship from the bow to the stern are the beams 9 which are formed of bars wrapped with expanded metal or wire mesh and filled with concrete, the bars thereof intersecting the ribs 6 and frames 9 and electrically welded. The deck beams l0 also extend longitudinally of the ship and are formed of bars wound with expanded metalor wire mesh and filled with concrete. The bars of the deck beams intersect the spiral torsional braces 2 and said bars are electrically welded to the bars of the braces. Thel deck beams 10 and the 'beams 9 are very close together and secured to the inne-r faces of the said beams, ribs, frames and torsional braces, is

.the inner skin 11 which is formed of concrete comprising two layers of expanded metal or wire mesh and on the outside of the' ribs, frames, beams and torsional braces is the outer skin 12 which is constructed the same as the inner skin and both the outer and inner skins tied to the beams, ribs, frames and torsional braces in any desired manner in the construction thereof to form practically a solid mass with the ribs, beams, frames and torsional braces, so that there. is absolutely no movement of any parts independ ent o'f each other.

The beams of the hull as shown, do not y extend all the way to the deck in a vertical line, but follow the contour of the whale back form and at the point designated A the outer skin leaves the beams and follows the ri'bs and frames to form the fiat Hush tudinally of the ship, thus dividing the ship horizontally into the lower compartment 16.

and upper compartment 17.

The hull of the vessel is divided transversely by a series of bulk-heads 18 shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings which extend entirely across the vessel forming the com'- partments 19 and the deck beams are supported by the bulk-heads and said bulkheads are braced bythe braces 20, Fig. 3. The inner skin forms the bottom of the vessel and the beams are broader to bring the inner skin in a horizontall plane as shown in Fig. 4 at 15.

The deck of the vessel is provided with hatch coamings 21 which are formed by metal bars the same as the ribs and beams, and the spiral braces intersect the same at the corners and the bars thereof are welded together s as to thoroughly brace the same and form practically a composite metal reinforced ship..

Fig. shows two of the spiral braces 2 intersecting each other at a point opposite one of the frames 8 and Fig. 6 shows a cross section thereof `with theseveral bars 8 of the spiral braces and the offset portions of the bars 9 of the frames 8, so that they mayall be welded together to forma complete tie between the bars of the same.

The manner in which the several ribs, beams, frames, braces and the outer and inner skin is formed, in respect to each other isl not described, as the details of the method of the steps of constructions would form no part of the invention. y

While I have shown andQ described the double skin form of ship, it will understood that the same principle of torsional bracing can be employedin the single skink ship used in the freight service, tankers, etc.,

in which the Weight is an important factor.

but said braces are preferably of a flat or ribbon form. In the single skin the lhatches are Surrounded by a ribbon of a circular In the single skin` form and designated at 24 and made of concrete, the same as the spiral braces and to which the braces are secured when they come in position to intersect the hatch as shown in Fig. 7.

Havin thus fully7 described my invention what I c aim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1.l A concrete ship comprising a concrete metal reinforced hull, and spiral torsional braces embedded therein and extending from the bow to the stern.

2. A concrete ship comprising `a concrete metal reinforced hull and spiral torsional braces embedded therein and extending in both directions from the bow tothe stern.

3. A concrete ship comprising a concrete metal reinforced hull and spiral torsional braces embedded therein and tied to the metal reinforcement and extending from the bow to the stern.

4. A concrete ship comprising a concrete metal reinforced hull and spiral torsional braces embedded therein and tied to the metal reinforcement and extending in both directions from the bow to the stern.

5. A concrete ship comprising a concrete metal reinforced hull the beams extending longitudinally thereo and spiral torsional braces embedded in the hull and tied to the beams.

6. A concrete ship comprising a concrete metal reinforced hull, the beams of which extend longitudinally thereof and spiral torsional braces embedded therein and extending in both directions the entire length of the hull and secured to the beams.

7. A concrete ship comprising a concrete metal reinforced hull, ribs, rames and beams extending longitudinally of the hull, and forming the reinforcement and spiral torsional braces embedded in the hull and extending in both directions and tied to the ribs, frame and beams at the point of intersection.

8. A concrete ship comprisin longitudinal beams, frames, ribs, spiral7 arranged torsional braces tied to the frame, ribs and beams, said ribs, beams and braces formed of reinforced concrete and a metal reinforced concrete inner and outer skin inclosing the ribs, beams, frame and braces having spaces between the same as shown.

9. A concrete shi comprisin longitudinal beams, frame, rigs and spirally arranged torsional braces tied to the frame, ribs and beams and inclosed in concrete, and an inner and outer skin inclosing the ribs, frame,y

beams and braces substantially as shown.

10. A concrete ship comprising 'a concrete metal reinforced hull having spiral torsional braces embedded in the sides, bottom and deck of the hull.

11. A concrete ship comprising a concrete metal reinforced hull having spiral torbraces extending in both directions from the bow to the stern and intersecting the deck beams and the keel.

14. A concrete ship comprisin a concrete metal reinforced hull having ongitudinal beams in the hull and deck, spiral torsional braces extending in both directions from the bow to the stern and intersecting the beams and the bars of the beams welded to the bars of the torsional braces.

15. A concrete ship'comprising a concrete metal reinforced hull having longitudinal beams, ribs, frames, spirally arranged braces extending from the bow to the stern and intersecting the beams, ribs, frames and having reinforcement thereof welded together at the points of intersections and transverse bulkheads dividing the ships into several transverse compartments.

16. A concrete ship-comprising a concrete metal reinforced hull having longitudinal beams, ribs and frames extending from the keel upwardly to a point in a plane with the deck, deck beams extending longitudinally Iand connecting the side of the ship, and

spiral torsional braces intersecting the hull beams and deck beams and extending entirely around the ship in both directions.

17. A concrete ship comprising a concrete metal reinforced hull having hatch o enings, metal reinforced rings surrounding t e hatch openings, and spiral torsional braces embedded in the concrete of the hull and the braces intersecting said openings secured to the rings.

18. A concrete shi comprising a concrete metal reinforced hul, and a series of continuous spiral torsional braces embedded therein and extending from the bow to the stern.

19. A concrete ship comprising a concrete metal reinforced hull, and a series of spiral torsional braces embedded therein and extending in both directions from the bow to the stern in a continuous line.

20. A concrete ship comprising a concrete metal reinforced hull, the beams of which extend longitudinally thereof, and spiral torsional braces embedded therein and extending in both directions, and tied to the 125 rings surrounding the hatch openings, and 180 spiral torsional braces embedded in the con and tied to the hull,and the braces intersectcrete of the vhull and the braces intersecting ing said openings secured to the rings. 10 said openings secured to the rings. In testimony whereof, I aiiix my sig-nature,

22. A concrete ship comprisinga concrete in the presence of two witnesses. 5 metal reinforced hull having hatch open- JAMES R. WALSH.

ings, beams, rings surrounding said hatch Witnesses: v openings, and continuous spiral torsional S. E. HOLLEY,

braces embedded in the concrete of the hull A. R. LOGAN.

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