US1370427A - Machine compahty - Google Patents

Description

L. E. GILES.

COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION man ocT.17,191s.

Patented Mar. I, 1921.

L. E. GILES.

COMPUTING MAcmNE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. I?, 1919 Patented Mar. 1, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEEI 2.

L. E. GILES.

COMPUTING MACHINE.

RQ SM n Patented Mal. 1, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET a L. E.' GILES.

COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. I1. 1919.

I'Baaented Mar. 1, 1923..,

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

f @Ik L. E. GILES.

COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED ocT.\1,1919.

Patented Mar. 1, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5- through zero,

li li and UNITED STA'lE PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS E. GILES, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO 'UNDERWOOD COMPUTING MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

COMPUTING-MACHINE.

Patented Mar. 1, 1921.

Application filed October 17, '1919. Serial No. 331,341.

To all-whom t may concern.' i Se it .known that l, Louis E. Gines, a citi- VZen of the United States, residing in New Yorin, in the county oi' New York and State of ll ew York, have invented certain new and Auseful' Improvements in Computing-Machines, of which the following is a specification. V

This invention relates to improvements in computi'ng` machines, and is herein dis--r closed as applied to an Underwood-Hanson combinedtypewriting and computing machine, one form of u iich is illustrated describedV in the Linton Patent, No. 1,280,065, granted September 2li, 191.8; but the invention is not limited in its applicationr to a machine of that particular type.

i machine of the character disclosedin the" aforesaid .Minton patent comprises means for rotating the number-wheels of a totali/zer in accordance with the digits of a number to., be added, if the number represents aV positive quantity, and for rotating the number-wheels in the same direction in accordance with the complements of the di, ts oi a number to be added, if the number represents a negative quantity. rllhis is accomplished in accordance with the well- Vln'iown methodv oi. subtraction by complemental addition.

Such a machine will satisfactorily add positive and negative numbers and give cor rect i'esults, soy iong as the aggregate ci the positive .numbers computed is greater than the aggregate o' the negative numbers. It wili not, however, except by indirect meth cds, or by indirect readings, `oive vcorrect resuits when the aggregate of the negative numbersicomputed exceeds the aggregate oi the positive numbers, that is, when the c0mputation requires the machine to pass as that expression is used in the art. r

One object ci the present invention is to produce an algebraic computing machine, that is, one capable of addingpositive and negative nui'nbers, irrespective of their relative magnitudes, and of exhibiting va direct- Y representation oi' the correct result, whether positive or negative. To this end, each of thenumber-wheels of the totalizer is provided with two sets of figures arranged in inverse order thereon; the figures of one set tube used to indicate positive totals, and

those of the other set to indicate negative totals, but this modification alone is not sulicient to accomplish the end sought.

As is now well known to those skilled in the art, a machine of the character thus far generally described, if required to add positive` and negative numbers, irrespective of magnitude, and give correct results, 'whether the be positive or negative, must also be provided with means for adding an additional unit (commonly called the fugitive unit), whenever a number is added which is of greater magnitudefthan the number previously accumulated in the t0- talizer, il said numbers are of different character, so as to cause the machine to pass through Zero. The additional unit must always be of the same character asy the number added.

In the preferred forni of my invention as herein disclosed, lprovision is made for adding the fugitive unit by novel mechanism which may be controlled, in part, by the usual case-shift key of the typewriter, and, in part, by one of the usual typewriter number keys, as, for example, the l key. The type-bar, operated by the key selected for this purpose, is not as herein disclosed, provided with a type for printing in upper case.

The invention, in the form herein disclosed, also includes an index, in the nature of a shield or shutter for the totalizer, which may bc moved to different positions, and thus caused to selectively point out or direct attention to figures of one or the other of the different sets on the number-wheels, the figures from which a positive result is to be read being` indexed by one position of said shutter, and those from which a negative result is to be read being indexed by the other position thereof. Provision is made for operating this shutter by novel mechanism which may also be controlled,

in part, by said typewriter case-shift key,

and, in part, by said number-key. Y

The invention may also include means for locking` all of the number-keys of the type-- be replaced by a minus sign, and the other by a plus sign, for a purpose which will be explained.

A machine of the above-described character, with my improvement incorporated therein, may be used in the usual manner to effect ordinary arithmetical addition and subtraction, but, should a negative number be added which is of greater magnitude than a positive number previously accumulated and registered in the totalizer, what is known as an overdraft would occur, that is, the machine would be caused to pass through Zero. This would result, in a well-known manner, in a series of carrying operations from the number-wheel, the operation of which produces the overdraft, from order to order, to the number-wheel of highest order in the totalizer, which would be caused to turn from 0 to 9, or if the above-mentioned substitution of characters has been adopted, the highest number-wheel will be caused to expose a minus sign. The appearance of the 9 or of the minus sign signifies to the operative that the machine has passed through zero, and that the result exhibited b v the totalizer is not the true result.

lhenever it thus appears that an overdraft has occurred, the operative with the usual subtraction-key of the computing machine set for subtraction, depresses the usual typewriter caseshift key, then depresses the usual l key of the typewriter. as if to write 1, and operates the general operator of the computing machine. Such operation of the machine will cause the fugitive unit to be added in the totalizer and the shutter to be shifted, so as to expose the igures from which the correct negative total is to be read, to the exclusion of all others.

The shutter-operating mechanism and the mechanism for inserting the fugitive unit will not call for further attention, so long as the successive results registered in the totalizer remain negative. Should a posit number be subsequently added,

which is greater magnitude than the negative result previously accumulated and registered the totalizer, a 9, or, if the above-mentioned substitution of characters has been made, a plus sign will appear on the highest numberwheel, and will si gnify to the operative that the machine has again been caused to pass through Zero, and that the number exhibited is not the true result, lith the machine set for addition, the operative may then, by simply depressing the shift-key and the l key of the typewriter, and actuating the gen-- eral operator, cause the fugitive unit of the proper character to be inserted, and the shutter to be shifted to expose or point out the correct posit-ive result.

Ordinarily, the shift-key and the l key of the typewriter would be depressed to operate the shutter and fugitive unit-inserting mechanism, as above described, only after the carriage has been moved one letter-space beyond the lowest decimal order of a computing zone. The machine may, howevr` be provided with means for rendering the denomination-selecting indexing mechanism of the computing machine ineffective when the typewriter carriage is moved to uppercase position, so that the shutter and the fugitive unit-inserting mechanism may be operated with the typewriter carriage in any letter-space position without affecting other parts of the computing` mechanism.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure l is a view, )artly in section, and partly in elevation, of a combined typewriting and computing machine of the Underwood-Hanson type, with my invention applied thereto, parts being omitted to avoid confusion.

Fig. 2 is a similar view, showing parts of the mechanism in their operated positions. In this view, the computing mechanism is indicated as being set for subtraction. The typewriter case-shift-key is indicated as being depressed to operate mechanism by which the units rack bar of the totalizer and the shutter-operating rack bar are advanced to pin-setting positions, and to operate mechanism by which the carriage-controlled denomination-selecting mechanism is disabled and by which the typewriter number keys, other than the l key, are locked. rlhe l key is also indicated as being dcpressed to operate the pin-setting mechanism to set a pin on the units rack bar and one on the totalizer index or shutter-operating rack bar.

Fig. S is a plan view, drawn to a larger scale, showing the rack bars with their indexing devices or pins, the totalizer, its shutter or indexing device, and the shutteroperating mechanism,

Fig. 4; is a view, partly in section, and partly in side elevation, of the shutter-operating mechanism shown in Fig. 3. ln this view, the slr tter is illustrated in a 'position such as to permit a positive reading to be taken from the totalizer.` and the shutteroperating mechanism, including the rackbar, interponent, and cross-bar of the general operator, in the positions in which they would appear at the end of the stroke of thc general operator which results in the shifting of the shutter te the position shown.

Fig. 5 is a diagram of the developed. peripheral surface of one of the number-wheels. illustrating its two sets of oppositel'v arranged figures. i

Fig. 6 is a view similar to that shown in Fig. 5, but illustrating a modification in accordance with which characters and figures -CJi Larmes? 'may be applied to the number-Wheel of highest denominational order. In this view, the two 9s are replaced, one by a plus sign,and the other by a minus sign.

Fig. 7 vis a detail view in front elevation of mechanism for locking all of the number Y keys of `the typewriter, Wnen writing comtion aste permit a positive reading to be taken from the totalizer and all other parts in normal position. 4

Fig. 9 is a similar view of the same parts ofthe mechanism, illustrating the shutter in such 1Josition as to Jermit a neativereadinv l a b to be taken -from the totalizer, and the shutteioperating mechanism, including the rack-bar, itsindexing pin, and the driving element of the general operator, in the positions in which theytvould appear at the end ot the stroke ot the general operator, which results in the shitting oi' the shutter to the- )osition shown.

lO 1s a diagrammatic detail View, 1n perspective, showing certain ot the novel elements' ot vhe mechanism detached from theY other `parts ot the machine.

rlhe machine to which my invention is herein disclosed, as being applied, in the eX- empiiifi lationselected tor illustration, coniarisesfan Underwood typewriter designated .-;enerally by the reference character 20,

Y. on key-levers 2e connected, through bellcranks ilo, to type-bars 26, so that on depress o. oit any ot said keys the corresponding L bar wil be'swung upwardly and rearwardly to ybring lower-case types 27 to a printing point at the. iront oit a platen 28 mounted in va letter-spacing carriage 29. Thisjcarriao'e is mounted for -step-by-step letter-spacing movements in a direction. parallel withthe axis ofthe platen under the control oi an escapement mechanism, designmated generally'by the reference character This escapement mechanism comprises a fark mountedon the carriage 29, and

" l' engagen'ient with a pinion 32 conescapeinent wheel 33, which is n rolled irA itsrotation by av pair of dogs f, which, in turn, may be rocked back and forth by a universal trame 35. This frame is moved at each depression ol an alphabet key or number key 23 by a heel 36 on the corresponding type-bar, which engages the traine 35, when the type-bar is swung to bring its type to the printing point. The carriage 29 is constantly urged to move in a direction from right to lett (looking at the machine from the front) by a spring-motor (not shown).

The machine may also be provided with the usual or any other appropriate tabulating mechanism for effecting rapid movements ot the carriage 29 to any desired letter-space position. Such mechanism may comprise keys 37, which, through the inter mediary of mechanism (not shown) may cause decimal stops 38 to be projected into the path of movement of column-stops :39, which may be adjustably positioned on a tabulator stop-bar 40. The rack 3l is mounted on arms Lll pivotally secured to the carriage 29, so that on depression of any ot the `keys 37, said rack may be raised (by means not disclosed), and thus dise aged trom the pinion 32, thereby allowing the ..arriage to be moved by its spring-motor until the column-stop 39 Vcont-acts with the set decimal stop Such mechanism is in common use, and'is disclosed in many patents ot the prior art, for example, see the patent to Minton, hereto-tore referred to.

The platen may be mounted in the letterspacing carriage through the intermediary of a shift traine 4t2, which may be movably mounted in said letter-spacing carriage, so that the platen may be shifted from the position indicated in Fig. l, in which the lower-case types 27 may be brought to the printing point, to an eleval,\-:i positiun. .in which upper-case types 43 may be brought to the printing point.A ln the :term herein shown, the type-bars operated by the number keys are provided with lower-case types 27, but 'with no upper-case ty pes vate the shift trame. therey be pi lided the usual case-shift mechanism comprisinga key le mounted on a lever A15 having an arm L16, which, on depression ot said key, will roclr a frame 4'?, which supports a rod-t8, l forming a rail or runway'ifor a roller l mounted on the lower portion ot' the sl 'frame 42, and thus cause said shitt iframe to be raised te upper-case position.

The number keys 23` not only operate the number-printing type-bars and control the typewriter escapement, as above described, but also operate means for settiirev indexing dev.' ces so as to set up or index a preliminary representation of the number typewritten in a part of the computing mechanism.` which will next be described. Forthis purpose, each ot the number keys representing the digits from l to 9 is provided with a depending bar 60 (Figs. l and '7), which,

on depression of said key, may engage an arni G1, on ruoli-shaft 62, normally connected to an index-setting device or pin-set ting linkage G3 1). There is one of these piu-setting linkages normally representative of each of the digits l to 9, respectively, and each is'normally engaged by an arm Cel extending from the correspondiin isz-'slr shaft 62. The lower bars or members 65 of the linlrages G3 are designed to set indexing devices, herein disclosed as pins GG (Fig l and mounted in rackbars 0i', ha\ `ng teethGS to mesh with the teeth of pinions (39, each connected with a totalizcr number wheel 70. The pin-setting mec-hau A.i herein generally disclosed more fully illustrated and described in pat-- ents of the prior art, see, for example, Patent Xo. 1,278,812, granted September 10, 1918, to Hans Hanson.

The pins G5 are normally out of effective range of movement of the pin-setting bars 65, but are brought into setting relation with said bars, one by one, in a manner which will now be described. ln the aforesaid patent to Hanson, the rack-bars are normally at a level which places the heads of the pins too far below the pin-setting bars to be affected thereby when said bars are operated by the lreys, and the setting relation is established by lifting the rack-bars, one by one, by mechanism controlled in accorc ance with the letter-spacing movement of the typewriter carriage. 1n .this case, however, as in the aforesaid Minton patent, the indexingl pins are normally placed out of alinement with the pin-setting bars, (see Fig. 1), so that an operated pin-setting bar would be lowered between two pins and not affect the sami. The pins are brought into setting relation (indicated in Fig. 2) by a slight forward movement, one after another, of the rack-bars 07, by means which will now be very generally set forth, the same being more specifically disclosed in the natents of the prior art, see, for example, atent No. 1,287,801, granted December 10, 1918, to-

Frederick A. Hart.

To establish the above-mentioned Setting relation between the pinsetting bars 65 and the indexinoF pins 66, denomination-selecting mechanism is provided, which comprises one or more tappets 80, (Figs. 1 and 10), cach mounted on a supporting arm or block 81, which maybe adjustably attached to a rod 82 secured to the typewriter carriage. The tappets 80, during the letter-spacing movement of the typewriter carriage, be brought @cration into engagement with a series of jacks 83, (Fig. 1), pivoted at 84 in a supporting member 85 secured by brackets 86 to the machine frame. The jacks 83, as they are engaged one after another by a tappet 80, are rocked slightly 1n aclockwise d1- rection, so as to depressV thrust rods 87, one

for each jack, and thereby rock levers 88, one for each rod, which, through transposition linkages 89, may rock bell-cranks 90, each having an arm which engages a pin 91 on one of the rack-bars 67, and by which said bars may be slightly advanced one after another to bring the pins 66 in alinement or setting relation with the pinsetting bars G5, as illustrated in Fig. 2.

Inasmuch as the letter-spacing carriage 29 travels from right to left, whereas numbers should be indexed in the computing mechanism from left to right, the order in which the rack-bars are advanced to bring the pins into setting relation must be inverse to that in which the jacks 83 are rocked by a tappet 80. This is accomplished by a transposition mechanism including the levers 88, linkages 89 and bell-cranlrs 90 (Figs. 1 and 3)l more specifically illustrated and described in the. aforesaid Hart Patent No. 1,287,801.

After the digits of a number to be com puted have been indexed by setting the pins on the rack-bars 67` the rack-bars are moved forward by means, hereinafter described, so as to rotate the pinions G9 (Fig. 1) and their connected number wheels 70, and thus register the typewritten number in the totalizer, designated generally by reference character 100. The number wheels 70 have characters or figures on their peripheries from which the number accumulated in the totalizer may be read at a sight-opening 101 in the machine casing 10Q. The forward movement of the rack-bars, previously referred to, is effected by a general operator, comprising cross-bars 103, 104 (Fig. 1), secured at their ends to slide bars 105 having teeth 106 in engagement with teeth of pinions 107, which are, in turn, in engagement with teeth of sectors 108 fast upon a shaft 109, which may be rotated by an upwardly and rearwardly extending crank handle (not shown), commonly used on machines of this character. On pulling said handle forward, the rotation of pinions 107 by sectors 108 will cause the slides 105 to be moved forward and thereby advance the cross-bars 103 and 104. The cross-bar 103 lies just below the rackbars 67, and the ends of the pins 66, when set, are projected downwardly into the path of movement of said cross-bar, so that, on forward movement of said bar, the rackbars in which pins have been set will also be moved forward. The distance each rackbar will be advanced, and the amount that its corresponding number wheel will be rotated, will be determined in each instance by the particular one of the indexing pins on said rack-bar which has been set.

The totalizer is provided with tens-carrying mechanism, which may be of the type commonly used in machines of the character herein-described, for causing each number wheel, except that oi' units order, to be adi vanced one step whenever the wheel of neXt lower denominational order is moved from its 9 position to its 0 position. Such carrying mechanism may include the usual transtervmembers 120, (Fig. 1), carry-over assisting members 121, and holding pawls 122 and 122-3. The connections between the pinions 69 and the number wheels 70 are in the nature of one-way clutches (illustrated and described in detail in the aforesaid Hanson patent), such that said number wheels are rotated in a clockwise direction on forward movement'ef the rack-bars, but on rearward movement of said bars, the pinions 69 may rotate idly while the number wheels 70 are held by the pawls 122, unless advanced by the carrying mechanism. The carry-over assistingdevices 121 are rotated during the return of the slide'bars 105 of the general operator as the result oi the engagement of teeth 124 with the teeth of a pinion 125, which, in turn, engage the teeth ot a pinion 126, having a one-way driving connection (also illustrated and described in said Hanson patent) with the shaft 127 A on which saidcarry-over assisting devices are mounted. @n -forward movement of the Slide bar 105, the one-way connectionbetween the pinion 126 and shaft 127 permits the pinions 125 and 126 to rotate idly without rotating said shaft. Carrying mechanism ot the type herein very'generally disclosed is in common use, and is fully illustrated and described in the patents of the prior art, for example, see the aforesaid Hanson patent.

On return of the general operator, crossbar 103 engages lugs 128 (Fig. 1) on the rack-bars 67, which are thereby returned to their normal positions. On return of the general operator, the set indexing pins are also restored to normal positions, This is effected by a pin-resetting or restoring plate 129, mounted tor up-and-down movement by pivoted connections to arms of bellcranks 130 (Fig. 1), Iiournaled on shafts 131, saidbell-cranks being connected to rotate together by links 132. A dog 133 is mounted for one-way rotation on the general operator, so that on forward movement thereof, it may snap idly over a lug 1311 fixed to the Jforward of the two shafts 131, but on return movement of said general operator, the dog 133 lifts the lug 134, so as to rotate the said shaft 131 in a counter-clockwisedirection, and thus cause an arm 135, secured to said shaft, to elevate the resetting plate 129, and thereby restore all of the pins, which have been set, to their normal positions. The pin restoring mechanism, herein veryl generally disclosed, is in com- -mon use and is fully illustrated and del scribed in prior patents, see, for example,

the aforesaid Hanson patent.

The machine maybe provided with means whereby any number key, when depressed, will lock all the others, so as to prevent the depression of a second key until after the first key depressed has been released and restored to normal position. For such purpose (see Figs. 1k and 7), each key is provided with a depending bar 140, which may ot any particular key, all the other pendants will be tightly closed, one against another, so as to prevent the depression of any other key. 1n order that such locking mechanism may be effective on the 0 key, as well as the keys representative of the digits 1 to 9, the 0 key may be placed in line with said digit keys and provided with a similar bar 140.

he above-described key-locking mechanism may also be used as means to prevent the depression of a number key when the typewriter carriage has been spaced to a position; for writing a comma between the digits of a number to point oil the same, or to a position for writing a decimal point. To this end, there may be provided (see Fig. 3) special jacks 150, each connected through a linkage (not fully shown) with a. corresponding link 1517 (Fig. 1), having a pinand-slot connection with an arm 152 fast on a rock-shaft 153. Also fast on said rockshaft 153 is a forwardly extending arm 154 (Figs. 1 and 7), having a wedge-shaped extremity, which may be forced between a pair ot the locking elements 141 lying between two keys. `When any of the special jacks 150 are engaged by a tappet 80, the rock-shaft 153 will be slifrhtly rotated by one of the arms 152 in a clockwise direction, thus forcingthe end of the arm 154 between thc adjacent locking elements and crowding all of the elements ot the series together, so as to lock all of the number keys and thus prevent their operation. Locking mechanism of the character herein very generally disclosed is in common use, and may be found fully illustrated and described in prior patents, see, for example, the aforesaid Hanson patent, and Patent No. 1,270,411, granted June 25, 1918, to Freder ick A. Hart.

The machine may also be provided (as in the aforesaid Minton patent) with means for disabling the computing mechanism when the typewriter carriage is in a computing zone, that is, in a zone in which the tappet 80 may be caused to engage the jacks 83. When such disabling means is provided,

typewriting may be effected in such a zone without computing. T o this end, each arm or block 81 (Figs. 1 and 10) is pivotally attached to the rod 82, and is normally supported at its outer end by a car 160 at a level such thatl its tappet 8O may pass below the jacks 83 without engaging and rocking them. To elevate the end of an arm 81 when the carriage enters a computing zone, so as to cause its tappet 8O to engage and rock the jacks, the arm is provided with a roller 161 which mounts and rides along the zonecontrolling roller 162 having tapered ends, said roller being mounted between the arms 168 extending from a rock-shaft 16-1 mounted in brackets secured to the machine frame.

The roller 162 may be normally held in the.

path of the roller 161 by means of a spring 165 connecting one of the arms 163 to the machine frame. As the carriage enters a computing Zone, the roller 161 rides up the inclined end of the roller 162, thus camming the end of the arm 81 upward7 and causing said arm to rotate sufficiently about the rod 82, to bring the tappet into cooperative relation with the jacks Each arm 81 may be provided with one or more teeth in engaging relation with slots or notches in the bar 16), said teeth and notches serving aS means to maintain the adjustment of the arm when in either its normal position or when slightly elevated into its operative position. Each arm 81 may be adjusted along the bar 82 by rotating` the same sutliciently to disengage its teeth from the slots or notches in the bar 160, after which said arm may be moved along` the bar 82 to a position corresponding with any desired letter-space division of the typewriter scale.

To operate the above-described mechanism so as to disable the computing mechanism when the typewriter carriage is in a computing zone, there may be provided (as in the aforesaid Minton patent) a non-add key 166 (Fig. 1) mounted on the forward end of a thrust bar 167 pivotally connected to a lever 168, one arm of which may be caused to engage and move an arm 169 fast upon the rock-shaft 164-. so as to impart a slight clockwise rotation thereof against the influence of the spring 165. and thus move the roller 162 out of the path of the rollers 161. The operation of the non-add key 166. therefore, disables the carriage-controlled denomination-selecting mechanism comprising the tappets 80, jacks 83, and parts controlled thereby.

Machines of the type disclosed in the aforesaid patents to Hanson and Minton, and in the Thornton Patent, No. 1,283,360. granted October 29, 1918, and referred to in said Minton patent, are provided with means vfherebf.Y the machine may be used to subtract. or` in other words, to effect the by adding complements of digits of the numbers to be subtracted in a manner now well known to those skilled in the art. This is effected by providing the machine with adjustable index-setting or pin-setting mechanism and by providing means for varying the coperative relation between the number keys and such mechanism, so that a given number key may set one indexing pin when indexing a number to be added, and so that the same number key may set a different or complementary pin when indexing a number to be subtracted. In such a machine, the number wheels rotate in the same direction for subtraction as for addition. the extent of rotation only being different.

For accomplishing the last-mentioned purpose, the shafts 62 (Fig. 1) are mounted for endwise movement in the machine frame, so that their arms 64, which are normally connected with pin-setting linkages 63 in such manner that the number keys may cause pins to be set in accordance with the digits represented by said keys, may be disconnected from said linkages, and other arms on said shafts may be moved into engaging relation with said linkagesl in a different relation, so that said number keys may cause pins to be set in accordance with the complements of the digits represented by said keys. In this changed relation, the 1 key may set an 8 pin, the f2 key a 7 pin, the f3 key a 6 pin, etc. To accomplish the above-indicated results, the shafts 62 may be shifted in unison from the addition position, indicated in Fig. 1, to the subtraction position, indicated in Fig. 2. b v a universal shift bar 186 (Fig. 1). which engagesy notched portions of said shafts. The parts of the subtraction-setting mechanism thus far generally disclosed are fully illustrated and described in the aforesaid Hanson patent.

The universal shift bar is pivoted at its upper edge, and is provided with an arm 181 (Fig. 1). which has a pin-and-slot connection with an arm 182 on a rock shaft 183.

The rock shaft 183 is provided with a second arm 184, having a pin-and-slot connection with a subtraction-setting bar 185. mounted for endwise movement in the machine frame.

The subtraction-setting bar 185 (Fig. 1) normally locked in its forward position against the tension of a spring 186 by a detent 18T engaging a notched portion of said bar. The detent may be caused to release said bar by pressing forward subtraction key 188, mounted on the forward end of a thrust rod 189, pivotally connected to an arm 190, rigidly secured to a rock shaft191', towhic'h said detent 187 is also iixedly': attached, and by means of whichv itfmayfbe-moved ont oi2 engagement with erally,- set forth, isfully illustrated and described in the aforesaid Minton patent.

f-Themeans 'for setting the machine for 4subtraction by complemental addition should' also include means for setting all of the 97pins whenthe subtraction key is pressed torward VThis' is for the reason, as is now subtraction setting mechanism.

well known to those skilled in the art, that whenever a 0 appears in any denominational order of anumber to he computed, the 9fpinrshould be `set yon the rack bar ot correspondingdenomination to prepare the same for a nine-step advancement 1t is also Vnecessary that the 9 pins on all-.rack barsy of denominational orders higher than that'of `the tiret-dgito? the numberto be subtractedshould be set. But since the der pression of the 0 key Ito print the 0 does not f'aiect the computingl mechanism, and y since ,no keys are operated by which pins on -the'bzns"oi` higher order than that ofthe ,first oligitoil `said number ycan beset, it is necessary to provide other means tor setting the pins, which, `in machines of the character vhereindescribed, isincluded as a part of the Means is alsoy provided-whereby, on the depression of any of the digit keys from 1 to 9, the set 9 pinl of corresponding denominationalorder will V,be restored toits normal position. A

"For the Vpurpose i of accomplishing the 'above-indicated results, each of the 9 pins isconnected toaV setting and restoring lever 192)(-seeA Fig. 2), and there .is provided special 9pinsetting bar 193 which is depressed when the subtraction setting bar 185is moved rearwardly by mechanism, not shown herein, but which is fully illustrated and"'described vin the aforesaid Minton patent. 'lVhen said 9 pin-setting baris thus depressed, itis brought into Contact with raised'portionsV 194C (Figs. 2 and 10) on i ftheforward ends of said levers,` which are thereby rocked'in a lcountercloclwfise direction so as to set Ythe connected 9pins. Thereiis also provided, .as in said Minton patent, a' 9 pin-restoringr linkage having `a resetting bar `'.195' 2),y said restoring linkageand .barbeingf similar to the linkages 63V and pin-setting; bars 655, heretofore de-` scribed. Each oftthe shafts G2 is also provided with an arm similar to the arms 64;, which is moved into cooperative relation with the9"pin-restoring linkage when the siilrtraction-settingl bar 185 is moved rearward, but said arm is normally disconnected frornisaid linkage so that the samewill not be operated bythe number keys when the machine is set 'for addition. When any oi of the lever 192 which will have been ad-k vanced by the denonnnation-selecting mech,

anism4 into cooperative' relation with said bar; Normally., the upturned ends 196 of the levers 192 will stand a little to the rear of the resetting bar 195, so as to be out of coperative Vrelation Y therewith, as indicated in Fig. 1. The elevated iortions 194 of said levers, on the other banc, are normally po# sitioned so as to be depressed when the 9 pin-setting bar 193 is lowered.

- To complete the subtraction-setting mech anism, there is also provided means for imparting an eXtra step of rotation to the units number wheel at each subtraction operation, the necessity for which is well known and is 'fully explained inthe aforesaid Hanson patent. 1n this instance, 1 have very generally indicated, as a means for accomplishing this purpose, the supernnmerary bar 197 (Fig. 3), having; mounted thereon va trigger or interponent 198, indicated in broken lines in 2. The supernumerary bar is provided with a pin-advancing portion 199 (Fig. 3), which conforms in size and shape with a recess or cut-away portion 200 oi the general operator cross-bar 103. The supernnmerary bar 197 is provided with neither rack teeth norl denomination-selecting mechanism, its functionbeing-to modify the cooperative relation between the `general operatorand the units rack bar. 1t" the machine is set for addition, the supernnmerary bar remains stationary while the general operator crossbar 103 moves. forward until its pin-advaneing` portion 199 coincides with the recess 200, at which time the front of the pinadvanc ingportion 199 will bein alinerncnt with the front or pin-advancing edge ot the general operator cross-bar 103. On further move y ment, the general operator cross-bar 103 and the supernnmerary bar will move forward together, and the eit'ect upon a set pin in the units rackbar is not diierent from that upon setpins of any of the other rack bars. lWhen the machine isset for subtraction, however, the interponent or trigger 198 is set by the 9 pinsetting bar on depression of the subtraction key, so as to eli'eet a dir'- ferent driving engagement -from the crossbar 103 through said interpellent to said supernumerary bar, as a result oi' which the supernumerary bar is moved :forward with the front edge of the pirvadvaiicinpportion 199 suiciently ahead of, or in the lead oi?, the pin-advancing edge of the cross-bar 103 toeect an extra step of movement of the units rack bar; that is, if a 9 pin has been set by the subtraction-setting bar, the units rack bar will be moved forward ten steps instead of nine, or, it an 8, or a 7, or a 6, etc., pin has been set as a result of the depression of a l, or a 2, or a 3, etc., key, respectively, the rack bar will be advanced nine, or eight, or seven, etc., steps, respectively. This form of extra unit-advancing mechanism is somewhat different from that disclosed in the aforesaid Hanson patent, but is fully illustrated and described in the above-mentioned patent to Thornton. In this case, as in that, since no pin is set by the 9 key when the machine is set for subtraction. there must be a lug (not shown herein. but clearly illustrated and described in said Thornton patent) projecting downwardly from the units racks bar at a distance forward of the 1 pin equal to one step of `rack-bar movement, so as to provide for the one-step movement to be imparted to the units rack bar by the driving portion 199 when 9 is to be subtracted in units place. As in the patent last referred to, the trigger or interponent 198 is restored to normal position by the pin-restoring plate 129.

To restore the subtraction-setting bar and parts controlled thereby to their normal positions, so as to re-set the machine 'for addi tion, there is provided a lug 210 (Fig. 2), which is engaged by the cross-bar 103 of the general operator, on its forward movement, when ruiming a number to be .subtracted into the totalizer, and by which said bar iS moved 'forward against the influence of the spring 186 until the detent 187 re'e'ngages the not/hed portion of said bar.

Machines ot' the character thus far generally described are in common use, are fully illustrated and described in the patents to which reference has been made, and, per Se, constitute no part of my invention. Many ancillary parts ot the machine, as disclosed in the aforesaid Minton patent, which may be used on a machine with my invention applied thereto, but upon the presence of which it is in no manner dependent. have been omitted for the purpose of simplifying the disclosure. Such omitted parts include the motor for driving the general operator, the automatic motor-starting trips and subtraction-setting trips controlled by the movement of the typewriter carriage, the means for locking the number keys during a subtraction-setting, the means for disabling the motor-starting trips and subtraction-setting trips during the operation of the general operator, the means tor dis abling the motor-starting trips and automatic subtraction-setting mechanism by the non-add key and by manual means independent ot' the non-add key, the automatic restoring means for the non-add key, the means for locking the subtraction-setting mechanism during operation of the general operator, the means tor locking the number keys, for closing ti e sight-opening7 and for locking the subtraction-setting mechanism after a number has been indexed so as to warn the operative to set the general operator in action, and the means for holding the subtraction-setting mechanism in set position and i or releasing the same at will.

I will now describe the novel features, which, in Connection with parts ot the machine already described, exemplify one form of my invention.

The number wheels of the totalizer are each provided with two sets of igures, one set.` designated 220 (Fig. for exhibiting positive results, and the other set, designated 221, to exhibit negative results. Each set comprises a O and the digits 1 to 9, the figures of one set being alternated with those of the other and arranged in inverse order of increasing magnitude. The figures of the different sets may be distinguished from each other, as.v for example, by making those ot one set black and those ofthe other set red, as indicated in 'full and broken lines, respectively. As herein disclosed. two 0 s are placed together` and the numbers of the sets are so arranged that anyrdigit of one set added first to one and then to the other oi its two neighboring digits of the other set will add nine and ten, respectively. This particular arrangement is not a necessary one, but may be varied, the only condition beingY that the position and operation of the totalizer-index or shutter, hereinafter to be described, are, in certain respects, determined by the particular relative arrangement of the digits of the two sets of figures on the number wheels.

In order to positively and selectively direct attention to the figures of one or the other ot the two sets on the number wheels from which a reading is to be taken, depending upon whether the result accumulated in the totalizer is positive or negative, there is provided an index which, as herein disclosed. is in the nature of a shield or shutter 230 (Figs. 2, 3, 4, 8. and 9). having a sight-opening 231 of suiiicient width to expose one row of characters only on the number wheels. This shutter may be piv otally mounted upon the shaft 232. on which the number wheels are journaled, and so positioned as to lie between the peripheries of the number wheels and the totalizer-casing 102. The-sight-opening 101 in said casing is of sutlicient width to expose two adiacent rows of figures on the number wheels, and the shutter is capable of shifting so as to expose either row and to conceal the other. y

The shutter 230 normally standsI in the position indicated in Fig. 8, which is designative of a positive result in the totalizer,

in which case the upper of the two rows of figures, coincident with the sight-opening 101, is exposed (see YFig. l). To shift the index orshutter to its position illustrated in Fig. 9, designative of a negative result in the totalizer,and in which it exposes the lower of the two rows coincident with the sightfopening 101, there is provided a rotary actuator, here shown as a dish 233, wnichv may be, in many respects, similar to the totalizer number wheels, and may be journaled on the same shaft 232, on which said number `wheels are journaled. This shuttenoperating disk may be provided with a cam 234; to cooperate with a cani-follower vin the'naturc of a lever 235, pivotally secured, by means of a` bracket 236, to the under side of the machine casing` 102; and said lever may be connected b v a link 2; Y to the index or shutter 230. ii spring 23S normally tends to hold the follower 235 against the cam. The relative position of the sight-opening 231 in the index to the red and black numbers on the totalizer wheels vis indicated "diagiiammatically in Figs. 8 and 9 by the alternated full and broken line gures 239, spaced about the "periphery of the dislr.

is inthe case of the number wheels, the shuttenoperating disk is connected, through a one-way driving clutch, with a, pinion 240 having teeth in engagement with teeth on a shutter-opereting rack-bar or driving element 241, similar to the ackbars 67 for driving the totalizer number wheels. rThis rack-bar, however, diifers from the totalizer rack-bars, in that it is provided with but two indexing devices instead of nin One of the said indexing devices is a settable pin 242, corresponding in every way with the S pin of a totalizer rack-bar, and provides, when set, for a rackbar movement of eight steps by the generah operator cross-bar 108. The other indexf ino' device 24:3 of the shutter-o aeratin@ rack'- o to bar 2411 has an upstanding setting member in alinement with the l pins of the toteliicer raclrbars, and adapted to be set by the i pin-setting bar 353 but said indexingdevice is provided with a contairt surface 245 in line with the rear surfaces of the 2, pins of the4 number-wheelad vancinp; rack-bars, so as to provide for two-step movement of thev shutter-operating raclpbar the cross-bar lr03 when 'the indexing deilfe 243 has been set.

As hereinafter described, the indexing devices of the shuttenoperating 1ach-bar are set in valternation. iii settingof the indexing device 242 causes the general operator to advance the rack-bar eight steps and shift the parts of the mechanism from the positions indicated in Fig. 8 to those indicated in Fig. 9, changing the position of the ,shutter from its positive designating position te its negative designating position. A subsequent setting of the indexing device 243 causes the general operator to advance the index-operating rack-bar two steps, so as to complete the rotation of the shuttenoperating disk, thus returning the shutter to its normal position, designative of a positive result, as represented incFig. s. F 8 shows the same parts of the mechanism after the general operator has been restored and the indexing devices have been restored by the pin-resetting plate 129.

ln the form herein disclosed, there may be provided a spring detent 246 (Fig. 8), having a spherical projection 247, adapted for engagement with either of two depressions 2418 in the indexing device 2&3, to yieldably maintain the same either in'its set or in its normal position.

rThe indexing devices for the rack-bar 241, like those of the totalizer rack-bars, are normally out of alinement with the pinsetting bars 65, so that a. depression of said bars is normally ineifective on said indexing devices. The shutter-operating rackbar.I however, has no jack 83 or other denomination-selecting mechanism to be con trolled by the tappet S0 for bringing its indexing devices into setting relation with the pin-setting bars 65, as is the case with the totalizer rackbars. The setting of the indexing devices of the shutter-operating rack-bar is, therefore, independent of the letter-spacing movements of the typewriter carriage.

For a purpose hereinafter made clear, the indexing devices of the shutter-operating recit-bar are brought into setting relation with the pin-setting bars G5 by the caseshift mechanism when operated to shift the platen ef the typewriter to upper-case position. To this end, as herein disclosed (see Figs. 2 and 10), the shift-key-lever 45 is con nected, by means of a thrust-rod or a linlr 260, to an arm 261 fast on a rock-shaft 262. second arm 203, iixedly secured to said rock-shaft, is connected by a link or thrustrod 264l to one arm of a bell-crank 265, the other arm yof which is adapted to engage a pin 266 on the index-operating rech-bar 24:1, so that, on depression of the shift-kei.T 4A, the bell-crank will be rocked `and the rackhar will be shifted slightly forward to bring its indexing devices 2&2 and 24B into set-4 ting relation with the 8 and l pin-setting` bars 65, respectively. With the mechanism thus far disclosed, it will be apparent that if the machine is set yfor subtraction and the case-shift key is depressed, a de-V chine set for addition, the shift-key is again depressed, a depression of the l key wiil cause the indexing device 213 of the rackbar 241 to be set, so that on the next operation of the general operator, the shutter will he restored to its position designative of a positive result.

Before leaving the shutter-operating mechanism, it should be observed that 'the emitter-operating disk or actuator is not provided with any figures; that it may be concealed underneath the machine casing; and that it is not connected by carrying mechanism with the number wheel of highest denominational order, or with any other number wheel of the totalizer.

As already explained, it is only necessary to cause the totaliZer-index or shutter to be shifted, as above described, after a computation has been effected which causes the machine to pass through Zero, and provided it is desired to take a reading. It has also been explained that when the machine has been caused to pass through zero, by adding a negative quantity which changes the result in the totalizer from positive to negative, it is necessary to add an additional negative unit, or fugitive unit as it is called, to the number previously accumulated in the totalizer. And it has also been explained that when the m'achine has been caused to pass through zero, by adding a positive quantity whichchanges the result in the totalizer from negative to positive, it is necessary to add an additional positive unit to the number previously accumulated in the totalizer. It follows that the fugitive unit is always to be added concomitautly with the shifting of the shutter; that the unit to be added must be negative in character when the shutter is shifted from it-s position designative of a positive result to its position designative of a negative result, and that the unit to be added must be positive in character when the shutter is shifted from its position designatiye of a negative result to that designative of a positive result.

For the purpose last mentioned, special means is provided for effecting a setting relation between the indexing devices or pins on the units rack-bar and the pin-setting bars G5, when the case-shift mechanism is operated to shift the typewriter platen 'to upper-case position. Referring to Figs. Q and 10, the case-shift-key-lever 45 is connected, through a. thrust rod or link QSO, with an arm 281, fast on a rock-shaft 282. Fixedly secured to said rock-shaft 282 is another arm 283, connected, through a pin-- and-slot connection, with one end of a linl or thrust rod 284, the other end of which is connected with an arm 985, projecting from the bell-crank of the denomination-selecting mechanism, by which the units rackbar is advanced to its cooperative setting relation with the pin-setting bars G5. it will thus be seen that if the machine is set for subtraction and the case-shift-ley is depressed, a depression of the l key will cause the 8 pin, that is, the one complementary to the l pin, to be set, so as to cause a negative unit to be added when the general operator is operated. On the other hand, if the machine is set for addition and the case-shift-liey is depressed, a depression of the l i key will cause the l pin to be set, and thus cause a positive unit to be added when the general operator is operated.

The pin-and-slot connection between the arm Q83 and the link 28a permits free movement of the bell-crank 90 of units denomination by the carriage-controlled denomination-selecting mechanism, during' ordinary computing` operations, without interference by the connection from the caseshift-key.

Unless some means is provided for disabling other parts of the computing mechanism, when setting the shutter-operating mechanism and fugitive unit insertingmechanism, it would be necessary to avoid operatingsuch mechanism without first n'ioving the letter-spacing carriage of the typew 'iter out of computing zone. Otherwise, the fugitive unit might be incorrectly inserted into number-wheel of an order higher than units order. Such necessity of spacing the typewriter carriage hej-iran computing Zone would in no manner defeat the purpose of the invention, since it would be merely necessary for the operative to remember that the complete number, which causes the machine to pass through zero, should be entered before attempting to operate the shutter. Cn .iriting the digits in units cu'dei'F the machine would pass out of 'the computing Zone. after which the shutter-operating and fugitive-unit-inserting mechanism might be safely operated with no danger of giving incorreet results. Means for disabling other parts of the computing mechanism, when the shutter is to be shifted and the fugitive unit inserted, may.r howbe very readily supplied.A so th t such ie'aechanism may be operated` irrespective of the letter-spacing position of the typewriter cai lage, as wi i now be described.

Fixcdly secured to the rock-shaft 262 (Figs. 2 and l0)` is an arm Q90, connecte-d. by a link 291, with one end of a lev r 292, pivotally connected at 2. to the machine frame. The other arn'i of the lever 5292 has Contact with an arm 294, xedly attached to the rock-shaft lG-l, so that, on depression of the case-shift-lrey da, the lever 292 will be rocked, and thus caused to cam the arm Q94 upwardly, so as to rotate the rock-shaft 164, on which the tappet-positioning roller 162 is mounted, and thus move said roller 'out oi' the path of the rollers 161. It tolloWs that Whenjsaid case-shift-key is depressed,none of the jacks 83 and denomination-selecting mechanism, controlled there by, can be operated by the tappets 80, and the number-keys are incapable of setting pins or indexing devices on any of the rackbars, except the shutter-operating rack-bar, and the units` rack-bar, which are moved into setting relation by the above-described mechanism, controlled by the .case-shittmechanism. With this disabling mechanismV added to the machine, the case-shittkey4 and the l number-key may be 0peratedY to set the indexing devices, for the operation of the shutter and for the insertion of the fugitive unit, independently of the position of the typewriter carriage, Without any possibility of introducing the fugitive unit 'inthe Wrong numberewheel.

Unless some means is also provided for locking the keys other than the 1 key,

when the shutter is to be shifted and the fugitive 4unit added, the operative might make an error 4by depressing the Wrong number-key, as a result oi which theshutter would not be shifted anda unit other than 1 Awould be inserted in the totalizer. As a means for preventing the possibility of such faulty operation, mechanism. may be provided tor locking all the keys other than the l hey when the case-shift-key is depressed. For this purpose, there is rigidly secured to the rock-shaft 282 (Figs. 1 and 10), an arm 300,.connected to one end ot a link 301, the other end ot which is connected to an arm 302 of a bell-crank 303, journaled on the rock-shatt 153. Depression oi the case-shiitkey te will thus cause the bell crank 303 to be rocked about said shaft 153, so asto force an arm 304 (Figs. 10 and 7) of said bell-crankbetween an abutment 305, iixed to the machine frame, and a cam member 306 onthe rightdiand locking pendant M" or" the pair ci Vpendants which are asso- Vciated with the 1 key. By this means,

all of the pendants to the right ot the l key are crowded together, so to lock all other keys, but the pair of pendants associated with the key may be readily separated by its bar lili), thus permitting said key to be operated, to the exclusion of all others.

number-Wheel, which indicates that the resuit accumulated in the totalizer is positive.

if, at any time, when the operative attempts to take a reading, the 0 has disappeared and has been replaced by a 9, the operative will immediately know that au overdraft has been effected, which has caused the machine to pass through zero, and that the result registered in the totalizer is negative. in other Words, the aggregate ol the negative quantities, previously Vadded in the to talizer, exceeds the aggregate ot the positive quantities, and the result appearing at the sight-opening is not the true result. linder such circumstances, the operativey sets the machine for subtraction, it it is not already so set, depresses the case-shift-key and the1 number-key, and operates thc gcneral operator, as a result ci which the to talizer-index or shutter Will be shifted to the position indicated in Fig. 9, and an extra negative unit, the fugitive unit, will be run into the totalizer. The result will then be correctly indicated by the ligures which appear at the sight-opening, and may be read therefrom directly. filter the shitting olf the index, a 0 will again appca v in place oi the 9, on the highest number- Wheel. It further computations arc such that the result accumulated in the totalitei-v remains negative, no further attention need be paid to the shutter-operating mechanism.

It, however, the machine should pass back through Zero, in the oppositeydirection, as would be the case should the total accuinu lated become positive, the 0 on the hijhest number-Wheel, displayed through the opening in the shutter in the lattcrs shifted or negative position, would again disappear and a 9 take its place. The operative. observing this, must then, with the machine set for addition, again depress the Writer case-shitt-key` and the l num key and operate the general o; crater, as a result or" which the shutter Will be restored to its position designative of a positive result, indicated in Figs. 1, d and 8, after which the correct positive total may be read at the sight-opening'.

will be apparent that the printing ci? a 1 on the work-sheet, when the i lnumber-key is depressed, icrthe purpose ci causing the shutter to be shifted and the fugitive unit to be added, would be conti 1 ing and unsightly. For this reason, the type-bar 310 (Fig. 2)., which has thereon the type 311, for printing the digit l case, is not provided with any type for print ing in upper case.

In view oi the fact that the appearance et a 9 on the number-Wheel ot highest orde' is used as a signal or Warning, to indicate that the machine has been caused to pass through zero, it may be desirable, in order to avoid possibility oit error, that said number- Wheel be incapable ot being advanced di* rectly from O7 to 9, through the digits lili) lli) 1, 2, 3, and so forth, up to 9, at a single computing operation, as would be the case if a large number', having a digit 9 of a denominational order corresponding to that of the highest number-wheel, were attempted to be added. To this end, the number-whe l of highest order is not. provided with a jack 83, to be operated by a tappet S0, nor is it provided with any denomination-selecting mechanism. The nins of the rack-bar for the number-wheel of highest denominational order are also omitted, with the exception of the 9 pin, which is essertial to the operation of the machine, when set for subtraction. The machine is not, therefore, adapted for the addition of numbers having as many digits as there are number-wheels of the totalizer. Such numbers would bc regarded as exceeding its capacity. The highest number-wheel is not, however, limited in its use to that of being a mere indicator of the character ofthe results, but is, in every proper sense of the term, a numberw ieel. Carrying mechanism is provided for carrying from the number-wheel of next lower order to the highest number-wheel, so that the totalizer may be caused to accumulate totals having as many digits as there are number-wheels in the totalizer. Then so operated, the highest number-wheel would be caused to advance from 0 to 1, or from 1 to 2, or from 2 to 8, and so forth, only as a result of a large number of additions. Then so operated, the operative would not confuse the turning` of the highest number-wheel from 0 to 9 by gradually passing in this manner through all the digits 1, 2, 3, and so forth, which would indicate that the capacity of the machine has been exceeded, with the change from O directly to 9, when the machine has been caused to pass through zero by an overdraft.

If desired, the black 9 on the highest number-wheel may be replaced by some special character indicative of a negative result, as a minus sign 315, Fig. 6, and likewise the red 9 may be replaced by a special character indicative of a positive result, as a plus sign 316.

lith such characters substituted, the appearance of the minus sign would indicate to the operative that the machine has passed through zero, and that the result accumulated in the totalizer is negative. The operation of the mechanism for shifting the shutter and for adding the fugitive unit will cause the minus sign to disappear. Should the machine subsequently pass through Zero in the opposite direction, the plus sign would be caused to appear, which would apprise the operative of the necessity of again causing the shutter to be shifted and the fugitive unit to be added. The appearance of these signs would always indiate the necessity of shifting lthe shutter bcfore taking a reading, and the character of the sign would indicate the proper setting of the machine, as for addition or subtraction, so as to insure the addition of a. fugitive unit of the proper character.

Should it be desired to provide the machine with two or more totalizers, as in the case of the aforesaid Hart Patent, No. 1,270,411, it will be apparent that each computing mechanism might be provided with its own individual key 4:41, to control the setting of its shutter-operating and fugitiveunit-inserting mechanism, and that each of said keys might be pro vided with an arm 4G, to operate the shift-frame of the common typewriter mechanism.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a computing machine, in combination, an algebraic totalizer having a shiftable index, actuating mechanism for said totalizer,sl1ifting mechanism for said index, and manually settablc means, capable of bcing rendered eiective at the will of the operative, for establishing an operating connection between a part of said actuating mechanism and said index-shifting mechanism, through which said index may be shifted.

2. In a` computing machine, in combination, an algebraic totalizer having a shiftable index, actuating mechanism for said totalizer, shifting mechanism for said index, and key-controlled setting mechanism eifective, when set, to establish an operating connection between a part of said actuating mechanism and said index-shifting mechanism, through which said index may be shifted.

3. In a computing machine, in combination, an algebraic totalizer having a shiftable index, actuating mechanism for` said totalizer, including a general operator, shifting mechanism for said index, and manually settable means, capable of being rendered effective at the will of the operative, for establishing an operating connection between said general operator and said index-shifting mechanism, through which said index may be shifted.

4. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, in combinatioma typewriting mechanism, including number-keys and a case-shift-key, an algebraic computing chanism, including a shiftable index, and means, controlled in part by said case-shiftlrey and in part by one Of said number-keys for shifting said index.

In a combined typewritingand computing` machine, in combination, a typewriting mechanism, including number-keys and a C2bS-Shiftky, an algebraic totalizer, including'va shiftable index, actuating'mechanism for said t'otalizcr, shitting mechanism for said `index,'aiid means, capable oi beingrendered effective by the depression ol said 'case-shift-key and one of said number-keys, for cstaljalishiiig an operating connection be tween a. part of said actuating mechanism and said index-shifting mechanism, through which said index may beshifted. n

6. 4In' a combined typewriting and com- Vnut-in machine, in combination, a typewriting" mechanism, including case-shift mechanism,lan algebraic totalizer, including a shiitable index, actuating mechanism for said totaliz'er, shifting mechanism for said index, and means, eective'only upon operation concomitantly with said case-shift mechanism, for establishing an operating connection between a part of said actuating Vmechanisin and said index-shifting lineclianijsna, through which said index'may be shifted. V Y

Ifn a 'combined typewriting and computing machine, in combination, a typewrit- .ing mechanism, including case-shift mechanism, an-,algebraic totalizer, including a shii'vable .index, and means, controlled in part by said case-shift mechanism, tor shittingI said index.

8.' In acomputing machine, in combina tion. an algebraic totalizer', including a shiitable index, actuating mechanism for said totalizer, including number-heyashitting` mechanism for said index, means for etfecting anoperating` connection between a partei said actuating mechanism and said 'index-shifting mechanism, and means capableot being rendered effective at the will oithe operative,` for establishing an operating Vconnection between one of said number-keys Vand connectingr means.

- 9.- Inf a ,computing machine, in. combination, an algebraic totalizer, including a shiftable index, 'actuating mechanism for said tomechanism, index-shitting mechanism. and

lnianually-settable means. eii'ecti ve at the will "of the operative, and controlled in part by saidSubtraction-setting mechanism, for establishing an operating connection between a part oi said actuating mechanism and said index-shitting mechanism, whereby said in ializer,` hicluding` subtraction-setting mechdex may bel shifted, the change in position .of said index ateach shift being determined by the setting' 0i said subtraction-setting mechanism.

11. In a computing machine, in combination, an algebraic tot'alizer having a shiftable index, actuating mechanism vfor said totalizer, including subtraction-setting mechanism, shifting mechanism for said index, key-controlled settingl mechanism ei'lective, when set, to establish an operating connectiony between a part of Said actuating mechanism and said index-shitting mechanism through which said index may be shifted, and means controlled by said subtraction-setting mechanism to determine the direction of shift at each change of position of said index. l

12. In a computing machine, in combination, an algebraic totalizer having a shiftable index, actuating mechanism for said totalizer, including subtraction-setting mechanism and a general operator, shitting mechanism `for said index, and manually settable means, capable of being rendered effective at the will of the operative, and controlled in part by said subtraction-setting mechanism, for establishing an operating connection between said general operator and said indexshifting mechanism, through which said index may be shifted from one position to another, the ldirection of shi-ft being determined bythe setting of said subtraction-setting mechanism.

13. In a vcombined typewriting and computing machine, in combination, a typewriting mechanism, including number-keys, an algebraic computing mechanism, including Subtraction-setting mechanism and a shift able index, and means, controlled in part by said subtraction-setting mechanism, and in part by one of' said number-keys, for shifting said index from one position to another at the will of the'operative.

11i. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, incombination, a typewriting mechanism, including case-shift mechaiiism,algebraic computing mechanism, including' subtraction-setting mechanism and a shiftable index, and means, controlled in part by said case-shift mechanism, ,and in part by said subtraction-setting mechanism. for shitting said index.

15. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, in combination, a' typewriting mechanism` including number-keys and a case-shift lmechanism` an algebraic computing mechanism7 including subtraction-setting mechanism and shiftable index, vand means, controlled in part by said.

subtraction-settingmechanism, and in part lby a concomitant operation of said case-shift mechanism and one of said number-keys, for shitting said index. Y

16. In ka. computing machine, in combination, an algebraic totalizer having a shiftable index, actuating mechanism for said totalizer, including subtractionsetting mechanism and a general operator, shifting mechanism for said index, normally ineffective means for establishing an operating connection between said general operator and said index-shifting mechanism, and manually settable means, controlled in part by said subtraction-setting mechanism, for rendering said operating connection effective, so that said index will be shifted as a result of an actuation of said general operator.

1T. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, in combination. a typewriting mechanism, including number-keys, an algebraic totalizer having a shiftable index, actuating mechanism for said totalizer, including a general operator, shifting mechanism for said index, normally ineffective means for establishing an operating connection bet-Ween said general operator and said index-shifting mechanism, and manuallj\ v settable means, controlled in part by one of said number-keys, for rendering said operating connection effective, so that said index Will be shifted as aresult of an actuation by said general operator.

1S. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, in combination, a tyoeivriting mechanism, including case-shift mechanism, an algebraic totalizer having` a shiftable index, actuating mechanism foil said totalizer, includinga general operator. shifting mechanism for said index, normally ineffective means for establishing an operating connection between said general operator and said index-shifting mechanism, and means, controlled ia part by said case-shift mechanism, for rendering said operating connection effective. so that said index Tvill be shifted as a result of an actuation of said general operator.

19. In a combined typeivriting and computing macl1` in combinati -i tL peivritingl mechanisi` I -shitt mechanism, having a shift-able index. ae, -a-tin'; mechanism for said totalizer. including general operator, shifting mechanism for said index. normally ineffective means for establishingan operating connection between said general operator and said index-shifting mechanism, and means, controlled in part by a concomitant operation of said caseshift mechanism and one of said number-keys. for rendering said operating connectiont effective, so that said index will be shifted as a result of an actuation of said general operator. Y l

20. In a. combined typeivriting and computing machine, in combination, typewritlng mechanism, including number-keys, an algebraic totalizer having a shiftable index.

actuating mechanism for said totalizer, including subtraction-setting mechanism and a general operator, shifting mechanism for said index, normally ineffective means for establishing an operating connection between said general operator and said indexshifting mechanism, and manually settable means, controlled in part by said subtraction-setting mechanism, and in part by one of said number-keys, for rendering said operating connection effective, so that said index Will be shifted as the result of an actuation of said general operator, the direction of shift being determined by the setting ot' the subtraction-setting mechanism.

2l. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, in combination, a typewriting mechanism, includingcase-shift mechauism, an algebraic totalizer having a shiftable index, actuating mechanism for said totalizer, including subtraction setting mechanism and a general operator, shifting mechanism for said index, normally ineffective means for establishing an operating connection bet veen said general operator and said index-shifting mechanism, and means. controlled in part by said subtraction-setting mechanism, and in part by Said case-shift mechanism, for rendering said operating connection effective, so that said iny operator, shifting mechanism for said index.

normally ineffective means for establishing an operating,connection between said general operator and said index-shifting mechanism, and means, controlled in part by said subtraction-setting mechanism, and in part by a concomitant operation of said cascshift mechanism and one of said numberkeys, for rendering said operating connection. effective, so tnat said index will be shifted as the result of an actuation of said general operator, the direction of shift being determined by the setting of the subtraction-setting mechanism.

In a combined typewriting and computing machine, in combination, a typeivriting mechanism, including case-shit' mechanism. au aloebraic connjutinemechanism. and n1 ans, controlled in part by said case-shift mechanism, for adding` a unit in the lowest denominational order ot said computing mechanism.

24. In a combined typewriting and coniputing machine. in combination. a typewriting mechanism, including number-keys -V and case-shift mechanism, an algebraic computing mechanism, and means, controlledin part by a concomitant operation of'said case-shift mechanism and one oi said number-keys, for inserting ak unit in the lowest denominational order of said computing mechanism. i

25. In a combined typewriting and comvputing machine, in combination, a typeysubtraction-setting mechanism being determinative of the character of the-unit added. 26. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, in combination, a typewriting mechanism, including number-keys and a letter-.spacing carriage, controlled in itsletter-spacing Vmovements by the operation of' said keys, an algebraic computing mechanism, means, controlled in part by Kletter-s acino" movements of said carriage.v C 2D in accordance withrthe operation oit said number-keys, toi-adding numbers in said computing machine, and means, controlled v in part by one ci said keys, irrespective of the letter-spacing position of said carriage,

r`means, controlledl inlpvart by let VsoY for adding a unit in the lowest .denominational order of said computing mechanism. 27. In a combined typewriting and com-- puting lmachine, vin combination, a typewriting mechanism, including a letter-spacing carriage,`a platen mounted in said carriage, and case-shift mechanism for said platen, an algebraic computing mechanism, ter-spacing movements of said carriage, for adding numbersin said? computing machine, and means, controlled in part by said case-shift mechanism, for adding a unity in the lowest denominational order of said computing` mechanism, irrespective of the letter-space position `of said carriage. Y vv28. In a-combined typewrii-ing andv coniputing. machine, iii-combination` a typewriting mechanism, including number-keys,

,a letter-spacingv carriage, controlled in its letter-'spacing movements by the operation otsaid keys,a platen mounted in said car,-` ria`ge,and `case-shift mechanism :for said plateman algebraic computing mechanism, means,fcontrolled in partby letter-spacing movements of said carriage, in accordance with the operation of said number-keys, ttor adding numbers in said computing mechanism, andmeans, controlled .in part. by a concomitant operation ot said case-shift mechanism and one of said number-keys irrespective of the letter-space position of said carriage, for adding a unit in the lowest denominational order of said computing mechanism.

29. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, in combination, a typewriting mechanism, including case-shift mechanism, an algebraic computing mechanism, including subtraction-setting mechanism, and means, controlled in part by said case-shift mechanism and in part by said subtraction-setting mechanism, for adding` either a positive or a negative unit in the lowest denominational vorder of said computing mechanism, the character of the number added being dependent upon the setting oi said subtraction-setting mechanism.

80. In combined typewriting and computing machine,l in combination, a typewriting mechanism, including` number-keys, an algebraic computing mechanism, including ashi'ftable index, and means,controlled in part by one of said number-keys, 'for shifting said index, and for inserting a unit in the lowest denominational order ot said computing mechanism, at the will of the operative. e Y

31. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, in combination, a typewriting mechanism, including case-shift mechanism, an algebraic computing mechanism. including a shiftable index, and means, controlled in part by Said case-shift mechanism; for shifting said index, and for inserting a unit in thelowest denominational order ot said computing mechanism.

32. ln a combined typewriting and computing machine, in combination, a typewritingmechanism, including number-keys, and case-shift mechanism,an algebraic computing mechanism, including a shifttable index, and means, controlled in part by a concomitant operation of said case-shift mechanism and one of said number-keys, for shifting saidrindex, and `for inserting a unit in the lowest denominational order oic said computing mechanism.

83, In a lcombined typewriting and coinpiiting machine, in combination, a typewriting mechanism, including number-keys, an algebraic computing mechanism, including subtraction-setting meclianism,fand a shiftl able index, and means, controlled in part by one of said number-keys and in part by said subtraction-setting mechanism, and available at the will of the operative, for shifting said index, and for inserting eithera positire or a negative unit inthelowest denominational order ci? said computing mechanism, the character of the unit added and the change of position of the index being determined by the setting oit said subtractionsetting mechanism.

34. ln a combined typewriting and comicc lio

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