US1358885A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

II S. SHIMOCUSKIES. LOCK, APPLICATION FILED AUG-13.1919.

Patented Nov. 11.5, 1920.

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LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-13,1919.

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LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 13, 19x9- Pamnted Nov. 16, $281.

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LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-13.1919. 1,858,885. Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

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wmmtoz UNITED, STATES JOSEPH S. SHIMO'CUSKI'ES, OF POTTSVILLE, .IENNSYLVANIA,

LOCK.

Application filed August 13, 1919.

To all to hem it may concern Be it known that I, JosnPH S. SHIMO- CUSKIES, a citizen of Russizuand resident of Pottsville, in the county of Schuylkill, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is a safety or burglar proof look, so designed that it can be opened by only one type of key, and in which, in its most complete form, an audihle alarm sounded when the lock is to be operated. In one of these forms the alarm, in the form f a bell, must be sounded before the key is inserted into the main keyhole of the look. In its more simple form, where extra precautions are unnecessary, as one inside doors, the alarm feature may be dispensed with.

The lock is made in various forms and sizes depending on the use for which it 1s designed, whether for interior or exterior doors, or for occupied or unoccupied bllllfling, such as warehouses etc.

The invention consists also in the novel features of construction hereinafter described, pointed out in the claims, and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a face v'ev vof the interior side of a door showing the lock applied thereto.

Fig, .2 is a similar view, portions of the lock being removed.

Fig. 3 is a section onthe line of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4- is a section on the line 14: of

I Fig. 3.

Fig. 45* is a perspective view of a key.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a modified form of look, a casing and other parts being in section.

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6-6 of fig. 5. 1' F P Fig. T is a section on the nne of Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is detail view of the key.

Fig. 9 is a side elevation, partly in sectio of a further modification.

Fig. 10 is a section on the line 10-1O of Fig. 9. 4 v a Fig. 11 is a section on the line Ll11 of Fig. 9. p

Fig. 12 is a section on the line 12- Q or W a Specification of Letters Patent.

u Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

Serial No. 317,330.

Fig. 13 is a View of the key operating the mechanism of the lock shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 14 is a side elevation of a further modification, parts being in'section.

Fig, '15 is a section on the line 15-15' of Fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is a section on the line 16-16- of Fig. 14.

Fig. 1 7 is a detail view of the key for the lock shown in Figs. 14, 15 and-16.

In the drawings Figs. 1 to 4 show the lock in its simplest form. It consists of comparatively few parts, a casing 1, a keeper 2, and a slidable rack bolt 3 being the main elements. These are arranged on the interior face of the door and frame, respectively. A spring 4; tends to force the bolt into engagement with the keeper.

A ratchet wheel 5 engages the rack teeth on the underside of the bolt, and said wheel is operatively connected to the shank of a knob 6, operated from the outer face of the door. It will be obvious that, unimpeded, rotation of the knob would retract the bolt against the pressure of the spring 4:. In the lock bolt is formed a transverse groove 7, across its upper face. A stop hinged in the door, to swing vertically, lies normally in this groove, said stop being indicated at .9. The door face itself is recessed back of the lock casing as at 8.- A leaf spring 10 secured to the rear face of the bolt rests normally in this recess, the free end of the spring engaging the rear wall ofthe recess when the bolt is in looking position. A pivoted pawl 11 carried by the stop of the casing and working through small openings in the top of the casing, has a lock bolt engaging member 11 that also engages in one position the groove 7, and as a further and last means for preventing rearward movement of the bolt a pivoted detent 12, carried by the door frame, works through the top of the keeper and engages a recess 13 in the extreme end portion of the bolt. There are therefore four means provided for preventing movement of the bolt to unlocked position, all of which must be disengaged to open the door.

Three of these means are operated simultaneously by a key 14, which key has a hook member 14* at right angles to its body por tion. On inserting the key in the keyhole said hook member extends downwardly and it will bear against the leaf spring .10 pushing the same close to the face of the bolt and out of the recess 8, at the same time turning movement of the key will cause said hook member to engage and lift the stop 9 out of the groove 7 lirting with it the pawl member 11. The knob 6 can then be rotated with the other hand and the bolt retracted, provided detent 12 is lifted out of engagement with recess 13/ This detent is operated by hand from the inside. It is stnlv pivoted to that fri tional contact will hold it in elevated position. When placed in locking position the door cannot be opened from the outside by a key. The pawl 11 is pivoted to swing either toward or away from the keeper, two casing openings being provided for it. In the position shown it engages stop 9 and prevents retraction of the bolt. As the pivoted pawl 11 is in two sections, one being pivoted to the casing with the engaging member 11 pivoted to it, it is obvious that if the member 11 is lifted from the position shown in Fig. 1 so as to cause the member 11 to clear the groove and the casing, the member 11 may be swung rearward, with respect to the easing, so that when the member 11 is again lowered the engaging member 11 will enter the second or rearmost opening in the casing, and engage one of the rack teeth, inclining in a direction opposite that it occupies in Figs. 1 and 2.

It will be noted that the bolt has rack teeth on its upper and lower faces. This allows for reversal of the look so that it can be used on either the right or left hand side of the door.

The bell mechanism shown and described hereafter can be employed in connection with this form of look, but as previously stated the lock is here shown and described in its simplest form.

A modified form of the lock just described is shown in Figs. 5 to 8. In this form I employ a casing 15, looking bolt 16 having the rack teeth on upper and lower sides, a 'ratchet'wheel 17, shank 18 and outside and inside knobs 19 and'20. The beveled keeperengaging end of the bolt has a recess 21. A spring 22 in the casing tends to force the bolt into locking position, all substantially as described in connection with the first mentioned lock. The door is provided with a keyhole 23 in the outer end portion of which is inserted an interiorlythreaded sleeve 24. On the inner end portion just back of the lock casing. is set a nut or thread block 25 through which works a screw 26, the head of the screw lying in the keyhole. A key 27 having adjacent its inner end a shortthreaded portion 28 and at its end ,a bit-29, is employed.

A bore'is also provided in the door frame in alinementwith the recess 21, when the bolt is in locked position, and set in the inner end of said bore is a coil spring 31 in which threads a screw having a stop pin 32 passed through it; The point of this screw engages the recess 21, the threaded portion extending inwardly along the bore.

The key 33 is in the form of an interiorly threaded sleeve. The keeper 3e carries a pawl 35 similar in action to the pawl or detent 12 of the previousiy described iock.

Loose play of the bolt 16 is prevented and firm engagement with the ratchet wheel secured by a coil spring detent 36 this being secured to the casing side, and the free end portion of the spring being passed through a soft rubber block, held in the upper end of the coil, as at 37, and the end of. the spring extends downwardly, through a suitable opening in the casing, and bears on the upper face of the bolt. The pawl 35 is operated by hand, as is the detent 12.

To operate the lock,key 27 is inserted and turned anticlockwise threading through sleeve 24 and the bit is then pushed into engagement with the screw head, and, the turning movement being continued, the screw 26 is withdrawn from position back of the bolt 15. Should rotation of the key be continued too long the screw would be drawn from the thread block This is prevented however as by the time the screw is well clear of the bolt the threaded portion 28 of the key has again reached the sleeve 2% and rotation of the key must be reversed to thread it out through said sleeve, and such revenaal causes disengagement of the key from the screw.

The key 33 is inserted into engagementwith the screw 30 and on'rotating said key the-screw is drawn into the sleeve and hence out of engagement with recess 21, this outward movement being limited by the pm 32.

'Pawl 35 being assumed disengaged, the bolt can now be drawn back by rotating knob 19, or knob 20, if the door is to be opened from the inside.

Reverse operation of the keys will place the movable parts, viz. screws 30 back in locking position, the bolt being returned to locking position by spring 22.

The lock in this form is sinipie in construction and not readily picked by skeleton keys, and in fact not operable by one not having some knowledge of its interior construction.

In Figs. 9 to 13 I have shown the form of lock in which the alarm is an essential feature, and which can be applied to the locks previously described when desired.

In these figures 38 designates a casing, having a rack bolt 39, ratchet wheel 4'0, knobs 41, L2 and a longitudinal groove 43 is formed in the upper face of the bolt. The upper face of the casing has small openings 15 16 registering with the groove. A small pivoted stop 4A is adapted to be swung on its pivot point, on the casing, and to be inserted into either of said openings. Placed in opening 45 it allows free sliding movement ofthe bolt, in looking and unlocking. Placed in the opening 46 it rests adjacent the outer end of the groove and prevents retraction of the bolt from locked position. The belt is also provided, adjacent its free end, with a side recess 47. A spring 48 forces the bolt into engagement with the keeper 38.

This bolt differs from the others described mainly in having side teeth adjacent the door, which are engaged by a spring detent 50. This detent is provided with an upwardly extending operating lever 51 the upper end of which extends into a recess 52 formed in the door. A key 53 has a pivoted bit adapted to be inserted through the usual keyhole into said recess, where the bit, which is wedge-shaped, takes a dependent position. On rotating the key this bit wed es under the lever 51 swin in it to b 3 z: to

ward the inner face of the door and withdrawing the detent from the rack teeth of the bolt.

On the door frame is mounted a bell 55, of the type found on alarm clocks together with a casing 56 containing the spring mechanism common to said alarm bells, and a winding handle 57. Connected to the usual vibrating shaft of the bell hammer is a lever 58. A plug 59 is adapted to be inserted into a suitable bore in the frame of the door adjacent said lever, preventing the spring from unwinding and the hammer from operating.

In the door frame is placed a spring pressed stop pin 60 which engages the bolt recess d7, operation of the key 53 does not affect this stop pin 60 and the bolt 39 re mains locked. To complete unlocking operation after key 53 has been turned with one hand, a push button 61, placed on the outer side of the door frame, and adjacent the key-hole of the door, is pressed inwardly with a finger of the other hand. This button has secured to it a wire rod 62 which when pushed inwardly drives the plug 59 out of position, thereby freeing the alarm mechanism and starting the bell. Said rod has a twisted portion 63, inside the door framing, and between this portion and the stop pin 60 is a screw 64 the head of which forms a fulcrum for a lever 65 connecting the rod 62-and the stop pin 60. As the rod moves inwardly to disengage the plug the upper end of the connecting lever 65 is also carried inwardly and as it rocks on the screw head its lower end moves in the opposite direction and retracts the spring pressed bolt 60 thus freeing the bolt. The key 53 will remain in unlocking position with the bit back of the lever 51 held by frictional contact. As the key would naturally be inserted with the right hand, this hand is free to rotate the outer knob and open the door, a finger of the left hand remaining on the push button until bolt 39 is .drawn back.

This lock is especially adapted for stores, etc., and it will be understood that before the store is locked for the night the alarm mechanism is wound and the plug 59 inserted in place, said plug being loosely se-' cured in any manner that it will not be lost or fall to the floor.

It will be noted that in all the forms above described the lock has comprised a spring pressed rack bolt, formed to be reversible, a casing, a keeper, and a knob actuated ratchet wheel for retracting the bolt against the tension of its spring. That in all forms the bolt is held in locked position by bolt engaging means set into or carried by the inner face portion of the door.

That in the second and third forms this device is supplemented, not displaced,'by bolt engaging means carried by the frame of the door. That in both cases separate means is provided for disengaging the looking device carried by the door from the one employed for releasing the locking mechanism carried by the frame.

The final and last form of lock to be now described is an evolution of form three. It includes the same general features, the alarm mounted on the inside of the door frame. the locking devices carried respectively by the door and the frame, and while a common key is employed in this form it still includes mechanism mounted in the frame for sounding the alarm in advance of or at the same time that the bolt releasing means of the frame are actuated and that this engaging means is also closely allied to that shown in the form illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6.

In Figs. 14- to 17 I have shown the form of look best adapted for buildings requiring the greatest protection, as large storage and warehouses. In this form there is also used a bolt casing, 66, bolt 67, with upper and lower rack teeth 68. A spring 69 mounted on the casing carries a detent pin 70 that engages the upper teeth, and serves to keep the bolt in close engagement with a ratchet wheel 71, and prevent loose sliding movement of the'bolt. A knob shaft 72 carries said ratchet wheel and has the usual knobs, not shown. A hinge member 75 extends under the rear end of the casing and has a tongue member 76 bent back on the hinge leaf or strap 75. The bolt is slotted as at 73 the tongue 7 5 passing through said slot and a spring 74 rests in the slot and bears its rear end on the bow portion of the tongue. The bolt, travels back and forth a limited distance on the hinge strap 75. A keeper 77 receives the forward end of the bolt and carries a detent 78, similar to the ones previously described. At its forward end the bolt has a recess 79. The keyhole 80 instead of having a downward extension has a lateral extension 81. In a suitable recess cut in the door face and under or back of the bolt casing is fitted a spring member 82 a prong of which projects into the slot 73 and engages the bolt, when the later is in looking position.

A key 83 has a laterally extending pin 84: and at its end is bifurcated, one member being in the form of a curved spring 85.

In the door frame is inserteda tube or sleeve 86, longitudinally movable, and which carries a shank 87 having thereon a gear 88. This shank is adapted to be projected through the inner face of the frame and into engagement with the actuating member 89 of a bell 90.

Mounted in the door frame is a gear wheel 91 carried by a screw 92 adapted to enter the recess 79 of the bolt 67.

The operation of the parts above mentioned is substantially as follows The key is pushed into the sleeve 86 as far as it will go, limited by the pin 8%. This pushes the sleeve and shank inwardly, bringing the latter into engagement with the member 89 of the bell mechanism, and brings gear wheel 88 into alinement, and mesh, with the gear 91. Rotation of the key anti-clockwise will thread the screw into the recess 79, to lock, or reverse rotation will unthread, and unlock. The spring ember 85 of the key will cause the latter to take a tight grip on the interior of the sleeve 86. Sn withdrawing the key the sleeve will be also drawn partly outward, and gear 88 withdrawn from mesh with gear 92.

In unlocking the door the key after being withdrawn from the sleeve 86 is inserted into the key hole 80, the pin 8% passing through the extension 81 to the inner face of the door The key is then given a one quarter turn the pin forcing the spring member 82 inwardly and clear of the lock. This member is forked, as will be noted from F 15. If the key is turned too far, as by one not familiar with the lock, the spring 85 will spring back the pin resting between the forks of the spring, and one fork again engaging the bolt, and the door will not only remain locked but the key will also be locked in position. and can be neither turnedvnor removed. Therefore even with the key it is unlikely that the door would be op ned by any one not previously instructed as to its use.

What I claim is 1. The combination with a door having a recess formed in its inner face and a keyhole communicating with said recess, of a casing open at the back and covering said recess, a shank passing through said door and easing, a spring pressed bolt in the easing, said bolt having rack teeth, a ratchet wheel secured on the shank and engaging the teeth of the belt, a detent arranged on the exterior of the casing and engaging the face on the bolt, through said casing, on the side opposite the ratchet wheel, bolt locking means secured in the recess of the door, and a key adapted to enter said keyhole and to positively engage said bolt locking means.

2. In a lock of the kind described, a casing, a bolt movable therein and having rack teeth on its upper and lower faces, a shank iaving outer knob thereon, a ratchet wheel on the shank adapted to engage the' lower teeth of the bolt, means carried by the casing engaging the upper teeth and preventloose movement of the bolt, a spring arranged in the rear of the casing and holding the bolt in looking position, means set within the door face and back of the lock casing for engaging the bolt and preventing rear movement of the bolt, a keeper re ceiving the forward end of the bolt, and a key adapted to engage and release the bolt holding or engaging means carried by the door.

3. In a lock of the kind cescribed, a casing, a spring pressed rack bolt therein, a knob actuated ratchet wheel engaging said teeth, said bolt having a recess formed in its side adjacent its forward end, means arranged in the inner face of the door to which the casing is applied for engaging said bolt, means arranged in the door frame for engagingthe recess in the forward portion of the bolt, and means operable through keyholes or bores for disengaging said bolt engaging devices.

al. In a lock of the kind described, the combination with a door and door frame, of a keeper arranged on the inner side of the frame, a casing on the inner face of the door, a spring pressed rack bolt working in the casing and projected normally into the keeper, and having a side recess lying within the keeper when the bolt is in looking position, knob actuated means engaging the teeth of the belt for retracting it, means set in the door face for engaging the bolt and preventing rearward movement of the bolt, said door having a keyhole, and a key adapt ed to pass into said keyhole and disengage the bolt locking means carried by the door, a screw engaging the recess of the bolt, said screw being mounted "in. the door frame, and key opera-ted gears for retracting said screw independently of disengagement of the door device;

5. In a lock, the combination with a door and its frame, a keeper carried by the frame,

spring actuated bolt carried by the i side of'the door, knob actuated means for retracting the bolt, a screw working through the frame and engaging the bolt when in locking position, a screw carried by the inner face of the door and engaging the bolt when in looking position, comprising a threaded sleeve and a key having a threaded portion for retracting said last mentioned screw, and means for retracting the first mentioned screw.

6. In a lock, the combination with a door and its frame, of a keeper carried by the frame, an audible alarm arranged adjacent thereto, a spring pressed bolt carried by the door, means carried respectively by the frame and the door for engaging the bolt and holding it in looking position, a knob actuated ratchet wheel for retracting the bolt, and means for successively disengaging the locking devices of the door and frame, disengagement of the latter actuating the alarm, as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a lock of the kind described, the combination with a door, a casing secured upon the exterior of one face of the door, a

bolt working in said casing and having rack teeth thereon, a shank working through the door, a ratchet wheel on said shank adapted to engage the rack teeth of the bolt, a knob on the shank, said knob being on the side of the door opposite said casing, a keeper carried by the door and adapted to receive the bolt, said bolt having a recess adapted to lie within the keeper when the bolt is in locked position, pivoted means carried by the keeper for en gaging said recess when the bolt is in locked position, a recess being formed in the door and lying under said casing and covered thereby, means working in said recess for preventing retraction of the bolt, the door having a key-hole communicating with said recess, and a key adapted when inserted in said keyhole to release said bolt locking means.

In testimony whereof I afiix my si ature.

JOSEPH S. SHIMOCUSI IES.

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