US135646A - Improvement in processes for converting cast-iron articles into steel - Google Patents
Improvement in processes for converting cast-iron articles into steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US135646A US135646A US135646DA US135646A US 135646 A US135646 A US 135646A US 135646D A US135646D A US 135646DA US 135646 A US135646 A US 135646A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- articles
- cast
- improvement
- processes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 18
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910001229 Pot metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
- C23C8/64—Carburising
- C23C8/66—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
Definitions
- my invention consists in converting cast-iron articles into steel by embedding them, Within a furnace, in a compound consisting of charcoal, tan-bark, oxide of iron, and unburned limestone, in about the proportions hereinafter specified, the said ingredients being pulverized and mixed together so as to form a homogeneous mass, and then subjecting them, while embedded in the said compound, to a process of cementation.
- These several ingredients are pulverized and then thoroughly mixed together so as to form a homogeneous mass of mixed particles, with which I form a bed about three inches in depth on the bottom of an ordinary converting-furnace. On this bed are laid the cast-iron articles which are to be converted into steel.
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
RICHARD A. JACKSON, OF PITTSBURG, ASSIGNOR TO ISAAC CHARLES, OF ALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA, AND JAMES J. JOHNSTON, OF OOLUMIBIANA OHIO; SAID JOHNSTON ASSIGNOR TO WILLIAM D. RINEHART, OF ALLE- GHENY, PENNSYLVANIA.
IMPROVEMENT IN PROCESSES FOR CONVERTING CAST-IRON ARTICLES INTO STEEL.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 135,646, dated February 11, 1873.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, RICHARD A. JACKSON, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Process for Converting Cast-Iron Articles into Steel by a single operation.
The nature of my invention consists in converting cast-iron articles into steel by embedding them, Within a furnace, in a compound consisting of charcoal, tan-bark, oxide of iron, and unburned limestone, in about the proportions hereinafter specified, the said ingredients being pulverized and mixed together so as to form a homogeneous mass, and then subjecting them, while embedded in the said compound, to a process of cementation.
To enable others skilled in the art to use my invention, I will proceed to describe more fully my process for converting cast-ir0n articles into steel by a single operation.
I take about thirty-three (33) parts of woodcharcoal; about thirty-three (33) parts of tanbark, (by preference the refuse-that is to say, tanbark which has been used for tanning the hides of animals in the making of leather about eighteen (18) parts of oxide of iron; and about sixteen (16) parts of unburned limestone. These several ingredients are pulverized and then thoroughly mixed together so as to form a homogeneous mass of mixed particles, with which I form a bed about three inches in depth on the bottom of an ordinary converting-furnace. On this bed are laid the cast-iron articles which are to be converted into steel. These articles are then covered with the compound hereinbefore described, forming a layer about two inches in depth, and upon this layer is placed another layer of cast'iron articles, which are also covered with the compound, and thus layer after layer of the compound and castiron articles are placed in the furnace until it is filled. The mouth of the furnace is then sealed up, and the furnace is heated as in the ordinary process of cementation. The heat of the furnace is kept up from one tofive days, according to the thickness of the cast-iron articles to be converted into steel, the thick articles requiring more time than thin ones. After the articles in the furnace have been subjected to heat for a sufficient length of time, the furnace is allowed to gradually cool down. The charge is then drawn out and the converted articles separated from the mass with which they were covered. They are then cleaned and dressed, and may be tempered, hammered, drawn out, and welded in the same manner as is practiced in working cast-steel.
I use, by preference, hard white pig metal, sometimes called pot metal, for making the castings which are to be converted into steel by the compound and process hereinbefore described.
I do not claim the conversion of cast-iron into steel by a process similar to annealing in a converter, for this I am aware has been done; but
Having thus described my improvement, What I claim as of my invention is-- The union of tan-bark and unburned limestone in compositions of the nature herein described, for the purpose set forth.
R. A. JACKSON.
Witnesses:
WM. W. S. DYRE, EDM. F. BROWN.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US135646A true US135646A (en) | 1873-02-11 |
Family
ID=2205062
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US135646D Expired - Lifetime US135646A (en) | Improvement in processes for converting cast-iron articles into steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US135646A (en) |
-
0
- US US135646D patent/US135646A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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