US107781A - Improvement in converting cast-iron and cast-iron articles into steel - Google Patents
Improvement in converting cast-iron and cast-iron articles into steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US107781A US107781A US107781DA US107781A US 107781 A US107781 A US 107781A US 107781D A US107781D A US 107781DA US 107781 A US107781 A US 107781A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cast
- iron
- articles
- steel
- converting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 34
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYFJQPXVCSSHAI-QFPUQLAESA-N enalapril maleate Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O.C([C@@H](C(=O)OCC)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OYFJQPXVCSSHAI-QFPUQLAESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
- C23C8/64—Carburising
- C23C8/66—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
Definitions
- my invention consists in convertin g cast-iron and cast-iron articles subsequently annealed into steel by embedding it or them between layers of pulverized charcoal,common-washing-soda, and oyster-shells,
- the furnace is gradually cooled down, after which the converted articles are removed from the furnace, assorted,
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Description
fully.
UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.
RICHARD A. JACKSON, OF ALLIANCE, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, WIL LIAM REYNOLDS, HUGH BLEAKLY, HENRY P. MGINTOSH, FRANK M. ORR AND PETER KEPLINGER, OE SAME PLACE.
IMPROVEMENT IN CONVERTING CAST-IRON AND CAST-IRON ARTICLES INTO STEEL.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 107,781, dated September 27, 1870.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, RICHARD A. JACKSON, of Alliance, in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Process for Converting Cast- Iron and Cast-Iron Articles subsequently annealed into Steel; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact descripion of my aforesaid process.
The nature of my invention consists in convertin g cast-iron and cast-iron articles subsequently annealed into steel by embedding it or them between layers of pulverized charcoal,common-washing-soda, and oyster-shells,
prepared and mixed together as hereinafter described, and then subjecting the cast-iron and cast-iron articles while thus embedded to the action of heatin an air-tight furnace.
' To enable others skilled in the art to use my process, I will proceed to describe it more I take about ninety-five (95) parts of wood charcoal, about three (3) parts of calcined or pulverized oyster-shells. I then mix these two ingredients thoroughly together. I then dissolve about two parts of common washingsoda in suflicient water to hold it in solution. I then sprinkle this solution on and over the mixed mass of pulverized charcoal and oystershells, after which. the whole is thoroughly mixed together until all the particles of the mixed mass become one homogeneous compound. I then clean the surface of the castiron or cast iron articles by passing them through a rattling or scouring mill, after which the cast-ironor cast iron articles is or are embedded in a chamber of heating-furnace between layers of the hereinbefore-described homogeneous mass, (the thickness of the layers being in proportion to the thickness of the articles embedded, thin articles requiring only a thin layer and a thick article a thick layer,) after the articles are properly embedded in the chamber of the furnace. It is then closed up and made air tight. The furnace is then heated up, and kept at a high and uniform temperature for from one to three or more days, according in time with the size and thickness of the article to be converted.
After the articles have remained in the furnace a sufficient length of time to be properly converted into steel, the furnace is gradually cooled down, after which the converted articles are removed from the furnace, assorted,
cleaned, and finished in the desired manner.
the whole into a thin paste, which is applied with a brush to the part or parts of the casting not to be converted into steel. This coating of clay and black is applied'or put on the casting-or article prior to embedding it in the converting material in the furnace.
In the process of converting cast-iron and cast-iron articles subsequently annealed into steel by the hereinbefore-described process, it will be found that the perfection of the process of conversion will depend much on the manner and degree of perfection used in the preparation of the converting material, the degree and uniformity of heat in the furnace, and also in the exclusion of air from the converting-chamber of the furnace.
The intelligent workman will readily, by the foregoing description of my process, and by a little practice and observation, soon be enabled to convert cast-iron and cast-iron articles subsequently annealed into a good quality of steel, which may be drawn, forged, bent, hammered, tempered, and otherwise worked, as now done, with cast-steel made in the ordinary way.
Having thus described. the nature, operation, and advantages of my improvement, what I claim as of my invention- A converting compound consisting of about ninety-five (95) parts wood charcoal, about three (3) parts of calcined or pulverized oystershells, and about two parts of soda, said ingredients being prepared and treated substantially as herein described, and for the purpose set forth.
R. A. JACKSON.
Witnesses:
JAMES J. J OHNSTON, L. O. THOMAS.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US107781A true US107781A (en) | 1870-09-27 |
Family
ID=2177255
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US107781D Expired - Lifetime US107781A (en) | Improvement in converting cast-iron and cast-iron articles into steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US107781A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2485176A (en) * | 1945-08-27 | 1949-10-18 | Ici Ltd | Selective carburization of metals |
-
0
- US US107781D patent/US107781A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2485176A (en) * | 1945-08-27 | 1949-10-18 | Ici Ltd | Selective carburization of metals |
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