US1353360A - Marine steam-turbine - Google Patents

Description

A. M. RODBERG.

MARINE STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION meow: 1, 1919.

Patented bept. 21,1920.

6 SHEET SSHEET 1- A TTORNEYS A. M. RODBERG.

MARINE STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILEQ JUNE 7, 1919.

1,353,360. PatentedSept. 21,1920.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2- WITNESSES ffaai'ry, INVENTOR:

A TTORNEYS' A. M, ROD BERG. MARINE STEAM TURBINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 7. 1919. v 1,353,360. PatentdSept'Zl, 1920.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3- A TTOR/VE Y8 WITNESSES A. M. RODBERG.

MARINE STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED mus 1, 1919.

1,353,360. Patentdsept. 21,1920.

GSHEETS-SHEET 4.

[millmunmninnu lllili s as WITNESSES A 300Z567y, mum/won ez a (f Km A TTORNEYS A. M. RODBERG.

MARINE STEAM TURBINE- APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1, 1919.

I Patented Sept. 21, 1920.

6 SHEETSSHEET 5.

' WITNESSES fghan 4M.

ATTORNEYS NITED STATES,

PATENT OFFICE.

ANDERS MATII-IIAS RODIBEBG, or TAMPA, FLon bia.

MARINE STEAM-TURBINE.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDERs MATHIAS Ron- BERG, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Tampa, inthe county of Hillsborough and State of Florida, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Marine Steam-Turbines, of which the following is a specification. j Y

My present invention relates generally to steam turbines, and more particularly to a heavy duty reversible turbine formarine use and among its various objects, my invention aims to utilize the expansive and impact force of steam to a maximum degree and with maximum efiiciency and at the same time provide for ready reversibility and similar speeds and power in both ahead and astern duty.

Myinve'ntion further aims to provide a marine steam turbine of simple, substantial construction having the advantage of low initial cost and economical consumption and upkeep. p 7 I A still further object is the provision of a marine steam turbine embodying a rotor of large diameter and consequently large rotating, effect, producing maximum power at moderate speed softhat it may be directly coupled without gearing.

A still further object is the provision of a marine steam turbine 'whose construction will economize floor space and maintain a considerable factor of safetysince all moving parts may be cast in units'with out the usual bracing and soldering of parts and since the rotor is full floating so as to eliminate bearing pressure.

The foregoing objects and others, together with the advantages and structural details of my improvements will be thoroughly understood from the following description of its several specific parts, reference being made to the accompanying per-or secondary steam chest, taken in the plane of the final steam exhaust to the condenser,

. Fig. 6 is a detail vertical section "through the secondary steam valve, removed, I Fig. 7 is a bottom plan view'thereof,

Fig. 8 is a top plan View of the secondary steam chest with the cap and valve removed,

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept, 21, 1920, Application filed June 7, 1919. serial No. 302,375.

Fig. 9' is a top plan viewof the primary steam chest with its valve removed, I

F ig. 10 is a; vertical section through the primary steam valve removed,

Fig. '11 is a bottom plan view thereof,

Fig. '12 is a side viewpartly in elevation and partly in section of'the primary steam chestan'd certain adjacentp'arts,

Fig. 13 is a side view, partly inelevation and partly in section,wof a portion of the rotor,

Fig. 14 rotor,

F ig; 15 one of the peripheral impulse vanes,

Fig. 16 is a section through a portion of the rotor, andstator, taken radially of the former,

' g. 17 is a section takendiametrically through the intermediate portion of the rotor, and

' Fig. 20 is a plan view partly in elevationandpartly in section of a portion of the rotor.

Referring now to these figures, my im proved marine steam turbine'com'prises in general, a steam' cylinder '25 which forms the stator. and incloses' a rotor 26 the latter is horizontal section through of which extends from end to end of the cylinder andiis fast upon the power shaft 2'7 posed, The upper portion of thecasingf 30 of the cylinder 25 has an exhaustchamber 31. for

expanded steam delivered from'said'chamher to the secondary steam chest 32 through a pipe 83. from which chest32 expanded steam is fed to one end of the cylinder 25 through pipes 34, 35 for use as an impact fluid injected, through the rotor secondary.

vanes, parallel to the shaft 27.

The steam chest 32 also has a final steam exhaust 36 from whlch steam is discharged 2 into a condenser as usual. 2

The secondary steam chest 32 -1s super- ..posed upon the primary steam chest 37 which receives steam from the boiler I through an inletpipe 38 and from which the steam, after utilization in connection with the peripheral primary vanes of the V will now proceed to take up the parts in deprimary tail following the general path of the steam in action.

The steam inlet pipe 38 as seen in Figs. 1 and 2 is preferably provided-as shown in Fig. 2 with controlling valves 39, 40 and 41' for full speed, half. speed and slow speed, and communicates with the interior of the steam chest through an opening 42 in the annular wall of the latter. j

The primary steam'chestis superposed directly upon the top of the cylinder casing. 30 and has a flat base 43 which, as seen'in Figs. 4, 9 and 12, has a series of openings, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 and 51 respectively communicating with the upper ends of the primary steam channels 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58 and 59 seen. in a complete series in dotted lines vin Fig. 9 and which extend downwardly through the primary exhaust chamber in the cylinder casing 30 and communicate at their lower ends with the peripheries of the stages of the rotor as hereinafter described. It should be noted from Fig. 9 that the above mentioned series of openings 44 to 51 inclusive are arranged in substantially circular form along with an exhaust opening 60 and that the steam channels progress along each side in gradually increased width at their lower ends and gradually increasing innumbers of discharge apertures. For instance, as shown, channels 52 and 53 have single discharge apertures, channels '54 and 55 have each a pair of branches, channels 56 and 57 have three branches and channels 58 and 59 have four branches. 7

On a fiat base 43 of the primary steam chest is a valve member 61 rotatable therein and having a series of cross channels com-.

municating-between lower openings 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68 and. 69 in the bottom surface seated flatwise on the base 43. These valve openings are arranged in circular form with an inlet opening 70 which extends vertically through the valve member and thus places either of thechannel openings 44 or 45 in communication with the steam space of the valve chest, depending upon the particular position of the valve at time...

Thus with the valve inlet opening registered with channel opening. 44, steam passes downwardly through channel 52 and around the rotor and then upwardly through channel 53, to valve opening '63 from which it crosses to valve opening 62 and downwardly around the rotor through opening 46 and although the steam is delivered in each in I stance at the relatively opposite side of the rotor.

Rotative adjustment of valve 61 is accomplished by means of a pair of links 71 and 72 pivotally connectedv thereto and to the ends of a walking beam lever 73 fulcrumed on the exterior of the steam chest 37 as most clearly seen in Figs. 3 and 9 One portion of lever 73 has a rack engaged by a gear 75 mounted on a controlling shaft 76 having a hand wheel 77 at its outer end. This shaft 76. has bearings in brackets 78 and 79, the latter ofv which as seen in Fig. 3 also supports the lower end of a vertical shaft 89 rigid with the lever 73 and forming the fulcrum thereof. r

After its passage through the various ings 84, 85, 86 and87, grouped around central exhaust opening 88, and communicating with the upper, inner ends of the secondary steam pipes 34 and 35. On the partition 81 is a flatwise seated valve 89 seen in Figs. 6 and 7 in particular, having a lower cavity 90 and openings 91, 92, 93 and 94 so spaced asto bring openings 91 and".

92 into registry with the partition openings 84 and 85 while partition openings 86 and 87 are communicated with'the exhaust op en ing 88 by the exhaust channel 90. Like wise by shifting the valve 89 through a partial rotation, its openings 93 and 94 will be registered with the partition openings 86 and 87 when the channel 90 communicates he a t iqa Qeea n s .8 a d. .85 with h a walking beam lever 96 secured at an inter-' mediate point to the upper end of the verti cal shaft 741. Thus the secondary valve is actuated simultaneously with the primary valve when the turbine is reversed.

exhaust pipe 36 is, as usual, condenser (not shown).

carried to a The rotor 26 has, a plurality of alined hubs 97, each with an annular blade ring98,

and a-series of openings 99 aroundits axial shaft receiving bore 100." Connecting bolts 101 are extended through tlieopenings 99 to connect the hub incontacting relation which leavesthe series ofblade rings 98 in spaced relation by'reason of their reduced thickness ascompared to the hubs, providing for.

the reception of the annular inwardly projecting fins 102 of the statoror cylinder 25.

' As seen particularlyin Figs. 16, 17 and 18, the stator or cylinder 'has a'plurality of annular channels103, one a'round each annular series of fins 102 and'is provided at its upper portion with apertures 104: communi' eating between these channels 103 and the exhaust chamber 31 as seen in Fig. 1.

' The fins 102 of the stator are inclined as seen particularly in Fig. 19 and those portions of the blade rings 98.:of the rotor coextensive with these fins are also provided with fins or blades 107 inclined in opposition thereto, so that the steam discharged through the cylinder parallel to itsaxis, from the steamy feeding rings 105 at the opposite ends of the cylinder, with which the lower'ends of the secondarysteam pipes 34 and 35 communicate, the steam passing from the feed rings 105 through 'nozzles 106 will act against the fins. In this way the impact force of the steam is utilized after'the steam has expanded throughout the first it's use. v

Between the channeledPOrtions of the stator 25 are pockets receiving the ripheral portions of the blade rings 98 of the rotor, which peripheral'portions carry annular'serie's of spaced, peripherally open blades'108 plainly'seen by reference to Figs.

13, 14L and 15, the blades of each outstanding series having concave'd opposing faces and being connected andreinforced by median webs 109. These bladed peripheries of the rotor rings are under the influence of the steam fed through the primaryfeed channels 52 to 59 inclusive as seen in Fig. 9 and the steam thus acts in the first'instance to propel the rotor like a belt or a series of V i therein having a hub, peripheral blades and radial fins intermediate the hub and belts on a pulley.

By reference again to Figs. 16, 17 and 18 The steam passing outwardly through theexhaust opening 88 and through the final stage of it will be noted that the blade rings 9810f the rotor and the channeled adjacent por-' tions of the stator have annular inclined meeting grooves 110 which function to-prevent escape of steam and that other grooves 111 are also provided in these parts for the same purpose and for the further purpose,

as shown, of communicating with the channels 103 so as to carry off, into the exhaust,

any steam which does, as a-matte'r of fact, escape past the grooves 110.

From the foregoing it is obvious that by turning on one or more of the steam con-' trolling or inlet hand valves 89, and 11, steam is admitted to the primary steam chest 37 and from-there distributed through the primary valve 61 to the several primary feed channels 52 to 59 inclusive. The steam is thus forced around the rotor in successive rotation from end to end ofthe'rotor and during its travel and expansion in this movement, acts on the peripheral blades 108.

The steam then finds its way into exhaust chamber 31 and, along with any leaking steam, passes to the secondary steam chest 32. From this steam chest the partially expanded steam flows through either the pipes 34' or 35 to the respective feed ringj105,

through the secondary valve 89, and is'fed' through the nozzles 106 and through the fins of the rotor ringsand stator, finally dis fective turbine of its class which is simple in construction, durable and economical( 1. In a marine turbine, a stator, a rotor therein havingv a hub, peripheral blades and radial fins connecting the hub and; blades, and means forming steam passages for successively feeding steamp'eripherally of the rotor to the said blades and through,

and parallel tothe axis of, the rotor against said fins.

2. Ina marine turbine, a stator, a rotor therein having -'a hub, peripheral blades and radial fins connecting the hub and blades, means for feeding steam periplr orally of the rotor to the. blades around-the rotor, and means for feeding steam through,

and parallel to the axis of,the rotor'to said therein having a hub, peripheral blades and radial fins connecting the hub and rotor, to feed the same through, and paral-' lel to the axis of, the rotor to said fins- 4. In a marine turbine, a stator, a rotor 3. In a marine turbine, a stator, a rotor blades, and means for feeding steam peripherally of the-rotor against said blades and. through the rotor parallel to. its axis against said fins, including means for reversing the direction of movement of the steam. 1 g

5. In a marine turbine, a stator, a rotor therein having a hub, peripheral blades and radial fins intermediate the hub and blades, and 'means for feeding steam peripherally of the rotor against said blades and through the rotor parallel to its axis against said fins, including valves for reversing the direction of steam flow.

5. In a marine turbine, a stator, a rotor therein having a hub, peripheral blades and fins connecting the hub with said blades, and means for successively feeding steam circumferentially around the rotor for action against said blades and through therotor parallel, to the-rotor axis for action against said fins.

7. In a, marine turbine, a stator, a rotor therein having peripheral blades acted upon by steam moving circumferentially ,of the rotor and also having fins inwardly of the blades acted upon by. steam moving through, and parallel to the axis of, the rotor, and valved simultaneously .reversible means for controlling the direction of flow of steam to said rotor blades and fins.

8. In a marine'turbine, .a stator, a rotor therein having peripheral means acted upon by steam moving circumferentially of the rotor and also having means inwardly of the blades acted upon by steam moving through, and parallel to the axis of, the rotor, and means for feeding steam to both of said rotor carried means including simultaneously reversible valves controlling the direction of flow of the steam, for the purpose described.

9. In a marine turbine, a stator, a rotor therein having peripheral means acted upon by steam moving circumferentially of the rotor and also having means inwardly of the blades acted upon'by steam moving parallel to the axis of the rotor, reversible means for feeding steam circumferentially around the rotor, and means receiving steam from said first named feeding reversible means,f0r feeding'the steam through, and parallel to the axis of, the rotor.

10. In a marine turbine, a stator, a rotor therein having peripheral means acted upon by steam moving circumferentially of the rotor and also having means inwardly of the blades acted upon by steam moving parallel to the axisof the rotor, means for feeding steam circumferentially around the rotor, and means receiving steam from said first-named feedin means, for feeding the steam'parallel to the axis of the rotor, each of said steamfeeding means including a re;

versible valve for controllingthe direction and means receiving steam from said firstnamed feeding means, for feeding the steam parallel to the axis of the rotor, each of said steam feeding means including afireversing valve, and connections between said valves for effecting simultaneous reversal.

12., In a marine turbine, a stator having a working cylinder and an exhaust chamber adjacent to the cylinder, a rotor operating a in said cylinder and having peripheral blades and radial fins inwardly beyond the blades, a primary steam chest, means form- ;ing steampassages between said primary steam chest and the periphery of the rotor for directingsteam against the said blades, having an outlet into. said exhaustchamber, a secondary steam chest receiving the steam from said exhaust chamber, and means forming steam passages between the secondary steam chest and the rotor for directing steam parallel to the axis of the latter against said fins, 'havinga final steam exhaust, as described. V

13. In a marine turbine, a stator having a, working cylinder and an exhaust chamber adjacent to the cylinder, a. rotor operating in said cylinder and having peripheral blades and radial fins inwardly beyond the blades, a primary steam chest,'means forming steam passages, between said primary steam chest and-the periphery of the rotor for directing steam against the said blades,

having an outlet into said exhaust chamber, asecondary steam chest receiving the steam from said exhaust chamber, and means forming steam passages between the secondary steam chest andthe rotor for directing steam parallel to the axis of the latter against said fins, having a final steam exhaust, and reversible valves in said steam chests for controlling the direction of flow of the steam.

14. In a marine turbine, a stator having a working cylinder and an exhaust chamber adjacent to the cylinder, a rotor operating 2 in said cylinder and having peripheral blades and radial fins inwardly beyond the blades, a primary steam chest, means forming steam passages between said primary steam chest and the periphery of the rotor V for directing steam against the said blades,

having an outlet intosaid exhaust chamber, a secondary steam chest receiving the steam from said exhaust chamber, and means forming steam passages between the see;

ondary steam chest and the rotor for directing steam parallel to the axis of the latter against said fins, having a final steam exhaust, reversing valves in said steam chests, and connections between said valves for effecting their simultaneous reversal.

15. In a marine turbine, a stator, a rotor therein having peripheral blades and fins inwardly beyond the blades, a primary steam chest having a steam inlet and outlet, means forming steam channels between the said primary steam chest and the rotor for directing steam circumferentially around the latter against said blades, a secondary steam chest receiving steam from the outlet of the primary steam chest and having a final steam exhaust, and means forming steam passages between said secondary steam chest and the rotor for directing steam parallel to the axis of the latter-against said fins. 7

16. In a marine turbine, a stator, a rotor therein having peripheral blades and fins inwardly beyond the blades, a primary steam chest having a steam inlet and outlet, means forming steam channels between the said primary steam chest and the rotor for directing steam circumferentially around the latter against said blades, a secondary steam chest receiving steam from the outlet of the primary steam chest and having a final steam exhaust, and means forming steam passages between said secondary steam chest and the rotor for directing steam parallel to the axis of the latter against said fins,

and a reversing valve in each-of said steam chests.

17. In a marine turbine, a stator, a rotor therein having peripheral blades and fins inwardly beyond the blades, a primary steam chest having a steam inlet and outlet, means between said secondary steam chest and the rotor for directing steam parallel to the axis of the latter against said fins, a reversing valve in each of said steam chests, and connections between said valve for effecting their simultaneous reversal.

18. In a marine turbine, a stator having a working cylinder and an exhaust chamber adjacent to the cylinder, a rotor operating in said cylinder and having peripheral blades and radial fins inwardly beyond the blades, a primary steam chest, means forming steam passages between said primary steam chest and the periphery of the rotor for directing steam against the said blades, having an outlet into said exhaust chamber, a secondary steam chest receiving the steam from said exhaust chamber, and means forming steam passages between thesecondary steam chest and the rotor for directing steam parallel to the axis of the latter against said fins, having a final steam exhaust, said stator having pockets receiving the blades of the rotor, and provided in the walls of its said pockets with steam grooves and apertures leading from the grooves and opening into said exhaust chamber, andsaid rotor having steam grooves in registry with the steam grooves of said pocket walls of the stator, all for the purpose described.

ANDERS MATI-IIAS RODBERG.

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