US1345795A - Thermometer - Google Patents

Description

H. P. IVHLKER.

THERMCMETER.

IwPLIcAIIoII FILED IULY25. I9I9.

Patented July 6, 1920.

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THERMOMETER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY25, 1919.

Patented July 6, 1920.

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A TTORNEYS UNITED sTATEs-PATENT OFFICE.

HERBERT F. MILKER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIG-NOR TO CHARLES J.

TAGLIABUE MANUFACTURING CO., OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, A CORPORA- TION OF NEW YORK.

THERMOMETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 6., 1920.

Application filed July 25, 1919. Serial No. 313,155.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, HERBERT P. MILKER, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Thermometers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relatesto thermometers and more particularly to that type thereof which are commonly known as window thermometers and has for its object to provide a cheap and efcient thermometer of this type. Other more specific objects will appear )from the description hereinafter and the features of novelty will be pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, which,

,for illustrative and descriptive purposes show several examples of my invention7 Figure 1 1s a front elevation of the thermometer; Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on the line 3 3 of Fig. l; Fig. 4 is a cross-section on the line 4'4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing another form of my invention; Fig. 6 is an edge view thereof partly in section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5 and Fig. 7 is a cross-section on the line 7-7 0f Fig. 5.

In the form shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive of the drawings, the thermometer comprises two light-pervious plates 1() preferably transparent and constructed of glass, said plates being located in surface engagement and in registry with .each other and having between them a suitable scale 11. The latter may be an independent element located between said plates 10 or, as is preferred, it may be produced on one of the opposed surfaces of said plates, a dec-alcomania scale having been found satisfactory and being cheap and economical to produce. The plates in this form may be maintained in proper juxtaposition to each other by means of side edge members 12 in the form of slit tubes fitted over' the side edges of said plates and having opposite integral end edge members 13 similarly constructed and fitted over the end edges of said plates 10 and together with said side edge members constituting a frame as shown in the drawings. The end edge members 13, located at the corresponding ends of opposite side members 12, project toward'each other at each end ofthe thermometer and have their free ends spaced apart as shown in Fig. 1, it being understood that the slits of the side members 12 and of the end members 13 are so dimensioned as to cause said side members 12 and end members 13 to exert a firm, resilient pressure upon said plates 10 whereby the latter are pressed together and efliciently held in proper surface engagement and registry with each other.

The side members 12 including the end members 13 are secured in position against unintentional dislocation relatively to the plates 10 by means of clamps 14 and 15 which fit in coperating pairs over the end members 13 and clamp the latter between them at opposite ends of the thermometer. The clamps 14 and 15 in the illustrated example are constructed with integral webs 16 provided with suitable apertures for the accommodation of fastening devices, such as screws 17 whereby said webs and consequently said clamps are fastened together to cause each pair of clamps 14 and 15 to firmly grip the end members 13. The illustrated form of thermometer may be supported in operative position at a window or the like by means of bracketsA 18 which may be fastened to the webs 16 by the same screws" 17 whereby said webs are secured together and which are provided with suitable apertures 19 for the accommodation of screws and the like whereby said brackets are fastending lengthwise of the front plate 10 bebecause of tween the spaced ends of the end members 13 and in engagement with the exposed surface of said plate 10, and having its upper end extending into and held inthe plug 21. At its lower end the tube 27 extends through the plug 23 in frictional engagement therewith and terminates in the chamber 26 in which the bulb 28 is thus located and protected by the' guard 24. With this arrangement the tube 27 with its bulb 28 is firmly secured in position on the front plate 10 its frictional engagement with the two plugs 21 and 23, thus avoiding the necessity for the drilling of holes through the plates 10 to accommodate the type of fastening wires or other devices which gen- -erally are used to secure the tube in position. The necessity for forming the upper end of the tube 27 with a projection and at least one of the plates 1() with a cooperating aperture to preventlengthwise movement of the tube relatively to the scale is also avoided. At the same time, it is possible, with the illustrated construction, to intentionally shift the tube 27 in a lengthwise direction relatively to the plugs 21 and 23 and to the plates 10 if for any reason it becomes necessary to do so, as,l for instance, to secure a proper coperation o f the indicating column with the scale 11.

4In the thermometer, as shown in Figs. 1 to 4l inclusive, air is prevented from entering between the two plates 10 by means of the side members 12 and their end members 13 and by means of the clamping devices atvopposite ends `of said plates, so'that the scale 11 is efficiently protected from the elements whereby the elfectivelife of the thermometer is increased to a maximum extent. By avoiding the necessity for drilling the plates 10 as above described, this airtight feature is preserved instead of being destroyed, as is the case in thermometers of the present type in which the tube is held in place by wires or other fastening devices which pass through the plates. The clamping devices, in addition to holding the side members and their end members in place, also efiiciently secure the tube and its bulb in position in a simple and efficient manner. The side members and their end members 'are readily placed in position on the glass plates and, in addition to their other functions, in this form provide an attractive one of its faces.

frame which adds materially to the appearance of the thermometer.

The construction is such that the thermometer in all of its forms may be economically produced and sold at a low cost and provides a highly serviceable and attractive window thermometer within the reach of practically every one.

1t will be understood that the side members 12 with their end members 13 may be replaced in some instances by equivalent devices, for instance, as shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7.

1n these figures the thermometer comprises a single light pervious and preferably transparent glass plate 10a which, in the form shown, is provided with beveled edges and has the customary scale 11a produced on In the form now being described the side edge members 12a comprise relatively short sections extending lengthwise of the side edges of the plate 10a and provided at their free ends with projections,

12b which, as shown, may be formed by bending the members 12a transversely at an angle and back upon the transverse portion. r1`hese projections 12b fit into notches or recesses 1()b formed in the beveled side edges" of the plate 1()a at a distance from its ends as shown in Fig. 5 and maintain said members 12a against lengthwise movement relatively to said plate 10a. The members 12a y are further preferably each provided with a pair of lugs 12c which extend over or straddle the side edges of the plate 10a and prevent said members 12a from moving transversely relatively to said plate 10a or, in other words, maintain saidmembers in registry with the side edges thereof. v'llhe members 12a project beyond the ends of the plate 1()a into registry with the ends of the Ytubular members 13a which, in this form constitute the end edge members and extend along said end edges of the plate 10. The

side members 12a are connected with the end members 13al by means of bolts 131 which extend through said end members 13 and through suitable apertures in the sidemembers 12a and are secured in position by means of nuts 13C. The parts are so dimensioned that when the nuts 13c are screwed home, the side members 12"l will be securely clamped against the side edges of the plate 1021 and at the same time will firmly maintain the end members 13a in position.

Clamps 14a and 15a corresponding to the clamps 14 and 15 of the form first described, are clamped in coperating pairs upon the end members 13a by suitable fastening devices such as screws 17 which, by fastening the. webs 16a of said clamps together, cause the latter to firmly grip the end members 13a. This form of thermometer may also `be supported in operative position by means of brackets 18a having apertures 19a and which, as in the first form, may be secured to the web 16a by the screws 17a.

Recessed members 20 and 22a corresponding to the recessed members 20 and 22, and containing respectively plugs such as 23 of rubber or other suitable material, and corresponding to the plugs 21 and 23, are also included in the form now being described in the same way as in the form shown in Figs. 1 to 4.-; the member 22a is continued also in the form of a depending guard 24a as in Fig. 1. The plugs 21L and 23a serve to accommodate and hold the thermometer tube 27ZL with its belt 28a in the same way as in the form first described.

The advantages set forth with respect to the form shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, apply with equal vforce to the form shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7. The drilling of the plate to provide holes .for the accommodation of the customary fastening devices -whereby the tube is f held in place and for the reception of the projection customarily formed at the upper end of the tube is entirely avoided. At the same time, the necessity for providing the tube projection above referred to and whereby the tube is usually fixed against lengthwise movement is also done away with. As all of the operations required to provide the features recited above are expensive and require the use of highly skilled labor, it follows that by avoiding the necessity therefor the cost of production of the thermometer is reduced while at the same time its efficiency as a ymechanical structure is materially increased. y

It will be understood that vthe arrangement and type of plates shown yin the drawings is not arbitrary.

,Various changes inthe specific forms shown and described may be madeI within the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. A thermometer comprising a light pervious body, a tube extending lengthwise thereof, edge members upon said body and clamping means connected with said edge members and whereby said tube is maintained against unintentional movement relatively to said body.

2. A thermometer comprising at least one light pervious plate, a tube extending lengthwise thereof, end members extending along the end edges of said plate, side members connected with said end members and extending lengthwise of the side edges of said plate and clamping means connected with said end members whereby said tube is maintained against unintentional movement lrelatively to said plate.

3. A thermometer comprising light pervious plates in surface engagement with each other and having a scale therebetween, a tube upon one surface of said plates, members engaging the edges of said plates and clamping means whereby said members are secured in place and whereby said tube is maintained against unintentional movement relatively to said plates.

4. A thermometer comprising light pervious plates in surface engagement with each other and having a scale therebetween, a tube upon one surface of said plates, frame members engaging the edges of said plates, clamping devices located at opposite ends of said thermometer whereby said frame members are secured in place and means carried .by said devices and engaging said tube to maintain it against unintentional movement relatively to said plates.

5. A thermometer comprising light pervious plates in surface kengagement with each other and having a scale therebetween, a tube upon one surface of said plates, recessed frame members extending over the edges of said plates, clamping devices at op-f posite ends of said thermometer whereby said frame members are secured in place,

said members being provided with recesses",

and resilient means in said recesses in frictional engagement with said tube whereby the latter is maintained against mdvement relatively to said plates.

6. A thermometer comprising light pervious plates in surfacey engagement with each other and having a scale therebetween,

recessed frame members extending over and gripping said plates at their edges and eX- tending toward each other at opposite ends `of said thermometer, clamps engaging said frame members at said kopposite ends of said thermometer, webs forming part of v said clamps', means for connecting said webs .toI cause said clamps to ygrip said frame members, an upper recessed member carried by an upper clamp; a plugof resilientmaterial in said upper recessed member, a lower recessed member ycarried by a lower clamp, .a guard depending from said lower recessed member,a plug of resilient material in said lower recessed member, a tube located upon one surface of said plates and having its upp'er'end extending into said upper plug, said tube projecting through and beyond said lower plug and terminating within said guard and brackets connected 'with said webs whereby said thermometer is supported in operative position.

7. A thermometer comprising light pervious. plates in surface engagement with each other and having a scale therebetween, means for maintaining'said plates in uxtaposition to each other, resilient plugs carried by said means, and a thermometer tube upon one surface of said plates and having jeoting, at its other end, through and heyoncl said other plug.

8. A thermometer comprising at least one light pervious plate, resilient plugs, means 5 whereby said plugs are secured to said plate at its opposite ends and a thermometer tube upon one surface of said plate and having yond the other plug.` 10

ln testimony whereof I lave hereunto set my hand. l

HERBERT 1P. MILKER.

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