US1334600A - Building construction - Google Patents

Description

Cl Vl BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED APR-25, 1914- y 1,334,600. L l PatntedfMan 23, 1920.

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CHARLES V. EAIDES, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 23, 1920.

Application led April 25, 1914. Serial No. 834,315.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES V. EADEs, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Building Constructions, of which the following is a specifican tion.

This invention relates to improvements in building constructions and refers more particularly to a construction composed of preformed concrete blocks built up to form the wall of a building.

The salient object of the invention is to provide a peculiar form or kind of filler between the opposed vertical walls of the blocks, the wall construction being formed of opposed double rows of blocks. More speciiically the opposed walls of blocks are spaced slightly apart to form an intermediate space or passage, and this space is filled with an adherent substance impervious to moisture, compressible and expansible, and maintaining these qualities under wide variations of temperature, as for instance a bituminous or asphaltic filler which serves to unite the blocks. The subsidiary objects or results obtained by this construction are, among others, to provide a construction in which the walls are, though sectional, abso lutely water proof and weather proof as to their joints; to provide a construction in which the concrete or similar blocks can eX- pand or contract, as they of necessity will when subjected to extremes of temperature, without however in any sense affecting the absolutely weather proof joints; to provide a construction of the character referred to in which the filler is not subject to any of the disintegrating effects of weather or time, which is of such a character that it of itself allows for expansion or contraction within certain limits, and which does not materially add to the cost of construction; to provide a construction which can be readily assembled, and which forms a durable and eilicient wall construction, and in general. to provide an improved construction of the 'character referred to.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings- Figure l is a fragmentary perspective view of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view, showing a part of blocks, the metallic reinforcement or filler being omitted.

Fig. 3 is an inside face view of the blocks.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional View taken on the line l Fig. 2` and looking in the direction of the arrow.

Fig. 5 is a detail view of one of the interlocking lugs.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates as a Whole the preformed blocks which are, or may be of concrete or of concrete and bitumen or of any suitable substance; designates the foundation on which the blocks are laid; 3 designates the filler. This filler is preferably a bituminous composition composed of a major portion of mineral dust such as lime dust and a minor portion of blown oil asphalt. The composition is known in the trade as bituminous putty. However, any suitable composition having the qualities of imperviousness, adhesion and compression and expansion under wide variations-of temperature might perhaps be used. Care should be taken, however, that the asphalt or bitumen of the composition is weather proof, impervious to ordinary acids and to the disintegrating effect of time; and it should have suiicient elasticity,

adhesiveness and cohesiveness to obtain the results desired. I have found in practice that it is highly desirable to use an asphalt which is made from blown oil residuum, the asphalt having a marked increase in its asphaltenc and a marked decrease in its petrolene contained from that contained in the residuum from which it was formed. To obtain the best results, it is important that the foregoing be kept in mind.

Lldesignates a series of horizontal metal reinforcing rods, and 5 a similar series of vertical reinforcing rods, the two series together forming a metallic skeleton reinforcing frame. The blocksl are provided at their1 vertical edges with grooves 6 and 7 to receive cement. 0n the inner faces of. the blocks l are secured escutcheon plates 8 to receive and hold the curved lugs 9. 4 Each of these lugs 9 has an enlarged base portion 9 and a reduced shoulder portion l0. The escutcheon plates are apertured as shown at 11 to permit the insertion of the lugs, and he ve a recessed portion 12 to receive the shoulder l0, and thus conne the lug in position. The lugs on one set of blocks curve downwardly and upon the opposed set curve upwardly, as shown more clearly in Figs. 2

fl. 0 U

Il (l and 4.. These lugs it over and confine the horizontal rods t in position. At the point where the vertical and horizontal rods cross, they are preferably secured together by wire tie clips 13.

The manner of building up the construction will be obvious-and need not be described in detail. It is to be noted particularly, however, that the filler 3 not only completely fills the space between the parallel rows of blocks, but also surrounds the metallic reinforcements and securely binds them to each other and in proper position as Vwell as'binding them to the concrete blocks.

Theeonstruction can be readily and easily assembled and when once built up forms a practically integral structure.

I am aware that building block constructions are old and I am also aware that heretofore many attempts have been made to render these constructions more or less water proof by attempting to paint or coat over the entire surface of the blocks or to coat the joints. None of these, however, have been successful and it is a well known fact that concrete blocks of this character are not water proof, particularly if subjected to any substantial water pressure as is the case in the basements and sub-basements of many of the modern office' buildingsy of our large cities.V -hese basements in fact are so damp that it 'is impossible to keep help continuously in them, although many attempts have been made to obviate this dampness. The present construction will obviate this diiiirows spaced slightly apart vertical and horil zontal reinforce rods in the interval between rows, lugs secured at one end to the inner faces of the blocks and curved at the free end to engage opposite sides of the reinforce rods, and an impervious adherent adhesive f substance characterized by retaining sub` stantially uniform elasticity under wide differences of temperature filling the space bctween the rows.

2. A composite wall consisting ol preformed blocks superposed to form parallel rows spaced slightly apart, vertical and horizontal reinforced rods in the interval be tween rows, lugs detachably secured at one end to the inner faces of the block..l :unl curved at the free end to engage opposite sides of the reinforce rods, and an impervious adherent, adhesive substance characterized by retaining substantially uniform elasticity under wide differences of ten'xperature lling the space between the rows.

CHARLES V. EADES.

Witnesses:

JOYCE M. LU'rz, F. L. BELKNAP.

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