US1315648A - Pump for feeding liquid fuel engines and like - Google Patents

Description

E. H. TARTRAIS.

PUMP FOR FEEDING L IQIIIII FUEL ENGINES AND LIKE APPLICATIONS. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 21' I918.

Patented Sept. 9, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

E. H. TAIITRAIS.

PUMP FOR FEEDING LIQUID FUEL ENGINES/IND LIKE APPLICATIONS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 21, I918.

Patented Sept. 9, 1919.

Z SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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:uoutum HENRI TARIRMS, 0F MAIBONEl-LAFFI'ITE, FRANCE.

PUMP li'tllllit FEEDING- LIQUTlIID-FTJ'EL ENGINES ANTD LIKE ATPPIIICATIONS.

F-lpccificatlou of Letters Patent.

Plum-ma W. o, 1919.

Application filed Novomher El, 1918. $orio11to.263,580.

To (2Z2! whom it may cmwmvi .30. it known that l, Il lnuimn llusni Tau- THAN- (-il'izvn of rho llopuhlio oi" l ranco rosiding at 3 Illuo do llloxiro. lll aisous-l'lallittc, Eloinu and (lion. in tho llopuljdic of France, have invontod now and. usoful lni novomonts in Pumps for Minding llirulhl l ncl Engines and liko Applications, of which tho following is a. spocilicution.

'lhis iuvnnlion has l'or its object tho provision of a pinup by moans or which small uuantilios ol' liquid fuel accurately xncas urod may bu :injortml, under high pressure and at a prooiso momcnt of tho cycle, into tho cylinder of a high spnod engine.

My oxporinu-uts unablcd inc to discover that. hcsidos tho inlluonro of loakogc, which it isalu'a vs possihlo to reduce to zero owing lo :1 good construction. tho main obstacle re culls from the prosonco of air or gases in tho liquid to ho in ioctc fl. Fluid gases, roniainingr in tho pump. or in tho dclivcry pipe, haw a douhlo olloct: in tho pump, they looson. its dolivcry, in the piping, they form an olastic bu llfor so that tho liquid introduced into li-hocnginc, not at tho moment the pumpis giving its forcing stroke, but at the moinout at which the 1)1'l..-;Sl.H'B in, the cylinder is minimum.

lily oxpcrimonts have. also shown that said gasns conic from tho mass oi the liqniditsoll, as, l'o'r tho sumo pump, the result is wholly dilloront zu-wrding as said pump is acting upon polrol or rl'ujtontly boiled water, leakago lacing" absolutely rodnccd to zero in tho two cases. Said gases soon: to be given oll' iuidor tho actiolroi. tho slight depression taking place at tho moment oil. suction and altcrward not to liquc'lfv"with a sullicicnt speed. i

In my lmqorimmds, l was o acratmg with on ordinal-v pump with a piston and unton'la'lic suction, valvc, and l ropla'cod said valve by a non-automatic valve, preserving tho sumo manner of opening, that is to say from oulsido to iusido in rcsp'cct of tho pump harrcl. 'lho insult, still bud, socmod'm show that [ho valvc was not'largc enough. Howcvcr, cnlurgcmcnt of tho valvc gave a worse rcsnlt with rospoct to tho prcscnrc of the gums. 'lhc roasou that tho head of tho valvo ih-ioll opcrulos as a piston. At the nnnncnl it clos-ics. it tcruls to croatc urvacuum in tho harrcl of tho pump. a vacuum that cannot be llllod with tullioicnt speed owing,

- scat.

Tho above considerations led to the cxccutiou of the pump object of tho invention and the excellent results obtained with this apparatus confirmed the correctness of the above explanations.

Referring to the anncxed drawing, showing by way of example a form of oonstruction of the pump in accordance with tho i11- vcntion Figure 1 is 21. vertical section of tho pump taken through the axis o:l:' the operating shaft;

Fig. 2 is a diagram rclotin to the ro spoctivc lifting movements of t c piston of the pump and of the inlet valve;

Fig. 3 shows in vertical section a modified construction in which the delivery valve is located in the inlet valve;

Fig. l shows in vertical section a particular connection of the inlet valve to the deliver piping, in the case where the modification of Fig.3 is used.

Referring to Fig. 1, 1 indicates the cam shalt,--2 the cam operating the pump piston.-3 the com operating the inlet valve,

l the frame of the appurutus,-5 the pump piston,-6 astulling box for said p'lston,-- 7 the return spring of said piston,--8 the pump cylinder or borrcl,9 the inlet va:lvo, -lO the guide for said valvo,-l1 the spring for the said inlet valve,-12 tho operating rod for said inlet valve,*-1;3 the retnrn spring for said rod,*-1l the operating arm for said inlet valve, said opcrating arm being rigidly councctcd to the rod 12,-15 the (:(uist'ant lovol reservoir for the liquid inch-16 the passage connecting said reservoir to the chamber 17.-17 the liquid cl1ambor provi around the suction valve and closed, at its lower part, by said vulve,-18 the lower part of the constantlcvel reservoir thrmrgh which comes the liquid which. as usrml, passes through a filter before entering tho body 15 of said rcscrvoir,---19,2O the lion id level in the reservoir 15 and chamber 17,--l2l air holes horcd at the upper part of chambor 17,--and 9,2 the outomutic forcing valve.

In Fig. 1, the piston 5 is shown at tho higher point of its stroke. It will be notool that. the undesirable space is reduced to about nothing (it could be made. wholly oqual to zero as disclosed tlicreinaftor) and that the inlet or suction valve has a 1'elativcly large section. It will be seen that said valve opens from inside to outside. The spring 11 must have sufficient strength to. balance the internal pressure at the moment of iiijection.

It is useful to call attention to the pre- 7 seen later. When the piston COIHUIGHCQS itssuction. the valve is sutficiently open to allow the suction to take place as easily as possible. In this operation, the chamber l7 l plays a double function. (lwing to the air holes 21, it enables the pump to take its full stroke, eliminating the effects of incrtiain the piping and the resulting cavitations. Moreover, should atmospheric air have been accidentally introduced through the passage 16, it will escape through holes 21. When the piston reaches the end of its descending stroke, the valve commences to close. Should gas bubbles exist, they tend to rise to the upper partof the cylinder. The valve, when closing, (this is the counter part referred to) tends to produce a slight compression in the mixture. A slight quantity is necessarily forced out together with any gas bubbles which may be present.

Fig. 2 shows diagrammatically the respectivefl lifting[movements of the piston and valve. 24, 28 is the curve relating to the' piston; 29, 34 is the valve curve; 25, 26 low ering of the piston, that is to say suction; 26,

27 stopping at the lower dead point; 27, 28 lifting of thefpiston, that is to say delivery of very short duration (injection.period); 30, 31 opening of the valve; 32, 33 closing. It will be seen that the valve opens before the piston C(ll'llllTOllCtS its descendin stroke and closes after said stroke is C(llllPTiiiQtl.

It is desirable to make all the delivery piping together-"with the valve chamber of very narrow section and of such .forms that the flowing speed of the liquid will be great enough to positively expel the slightest gas bubble which could, in spite of all, exist. It is also necessary that the piping be short in order to have a slight volume of liquid between the pump and the engine to prevent the troublesome effects due to thc compressibility of the liquid or to the resiliency of the walls containing same.

In Fig. 1, a key will be noticed at 23. Said key is wedge shaped at right angles to the plane of the. figure and may be more or less driven in order to limit the return stroke of But the quantity of liquid upon a liqui the piston and the suction in View of thenccessities of regulation of the engine. The process is a known one. Others answering the same purpose may be used. Said detail forms no part of the invention.

It was stated above that the volume of the undesirable space could be still further re duceih In effect, in Fig. 1, it will be seen that it is reduced to a very short passage 35 leading to the delivery valve 22. In order to dispense with said space, the delivery valve can be placed in the inlet valve, concentrically with the latter, as shown in Fig.

3. The suction valve. then forms a partoi the delivery passage. It is connected with the. piping either through a flexible member end may enter a stufling box 37 and the dell\0l' plping \\'lll be then connected to a joint such as 38.

pump pistonsubjectcd to the action of one of the cams, a return spring niaintainingthe v contact between the piston and the cam,- an inlet or suction valve located in line with the piston axis and forming. the bottom or end of the pump body or bunch-means for mechanically operating said valve and allowin it to-open from inside to outside,-

chamber around the suction valve andvoutside of the pump barrel and an automatic delivery valve opening into the pump barrel below. the suction valve, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

2. A pump for feeding engines with liquid fuel comprising, incombinationfa cam shaft, a pump barrel or cylinder, a pump piston subjected to the action of one of the cams, a return spring maintaining the contact between the piston and the cain,an inlet or suction valve located in .line with the piston axis and forming the stantially described and for the purpose .specifie i emma 3. A pump for feeding engines with liquid fuel comprising, in combination: a cam shaft, a pump barrel or cylinder, a pump piston suijected to the action of one of the cams, a return s 'iring maintaining the contact between the piston and the ca1n,an inlet or suction valve located in line with the piston axis and forming the bottom or end of the pump body or barrel,-a return spring of a sullicient strength for maintaining said valve on its seat during the delivery of the pump a sliding rod operated by the second cam of the cam shafh nn arm rigidly secured to said rod for controlling the inside to outside opening of the suction valve, :1 return spring for returning the sliding rod and arnn- -a liquid chamber around the suction valve and outside of the pump burrel and an automatic delivery valve opeir ing into the pump barrel below the suction valve, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

4. A pump for feeding enginesv with liquid fuel comprisin r in combination a cani shaft, a pump barre or cylinder, a pump piston subjected to the action of one of the cams, a return spring maintaining the contact between the piston and the can1,-an inlet or suction valve located in line with the piston axis and forming the bottom or 5. A pump for feeding on 'ncs with liquid fuel comprising, in com ination: a

cam shaft, a pump barrel or cylinder, at pom piston subjected to the action of one of t c cams, a return spring maintaining the contact between the piston and the ca1n,-an inlet or suction valve located in line with the piston axis and forming the bottom or end of the pump body or barrel, and an automatic delivery valve placed in the suction valve, which 1s hollow for this purpose, so that the delivery'valve opens into the pump barrel directly below the suction valve, and"a joint, between the delivery piping and the hollow rod of the suction valve, enabling the end of said rod to reciprocate in a stalling box during the opening and closing; movements of said suction va ve, substantially as described and for the purpose Spfi1fifid.-

In testimony vvher'eof I have signed my name to this specification nucleus HENRI TARTRAIS.

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