US1306815A

US1306815A - houchin and c

Info

Publication number: US1306815A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1919-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 1936-06-17

Description

A. W. HOUCHIN AND C-. E. LUBURG.

COIL.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 30. 917.

Patented June 17, 1919.

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COIL.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 30. 1917. 1 ,306,81 5. Patented June 17, 1919.

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COIL.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 30 1917- 1,306,815. Patented June 17, 1919.

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ALFRED W. HOUCHIN AND CHARLES E. LUBURG, OF KIRKWOOD, NEW JERSEY,

ASSIGNORS '10 SHOCKLESS ELECTRIC CORPORATION, OF KIRKWOOD, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

com.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented'June 17,1919,

Application filed April 30, 1917. Serial No. 165,592.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, ALFRED W. HOUCHIN and CHARLES E. LUBURG, citizens of the United States, residing at Kirkwood, in the county of Camden and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Coils; and we do declare the.

following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates generally to electrical appliances, but more particularly to an electro-magnet of improved construction.

One object of the invention is to provide a principle of magnet construction which maybe effectively and practically employed as a spark coil for ignition systems, as a field magnet for dynamos or other current generatin machines and devices, and'is applicable or many other uses too numerous to herein enumerate.

Another object of the invention is to generall improve upon devices of this character y the provision of a comparatively, simple, strong, durable and inexpensive construction, and one which will be efiicient and reliable in operation, 'and'well adapted for the purposes for which it is designed.

With these and other objects in view, the invention resides in certain novel features of construction, and the combination and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter fully described and claimed. 1 p

.The descriptive matter of'the application is supplemented by the accompanying draw- .ings in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic embodiment of the principle of the invention, illustrat-v ing-its use as a spark coil in connection with a make and break ignition system for internal combustion engines;

Fig. 2 is an end view of the spark coil or electro-magnet according to this present embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is a central vertical longitudinal sectional view of the electro-magnet;

Fig. 4 is atransverse sectional view thereof taken on the plane indicated by the scribed, characters will be its use as a field magnet for a dynamo, showing also diagrammatically a line circuit for the dynamo and the necessary appurtenances therein;

.Fig. 8 is a vertical transverse sectlonal view of the dynamo, such view being taken on the plane passing through the central axis of the core of the field magnet thereof; Fig. 9 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a portion of the field magnet ofthe dynamo;

' Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional view, partly broken away, of the core of the field ma et coil of the dynamo;

ig. 11 isa side elevation, artly broken awa and in section, of a mo 'fied form of con uctor which may be used for winding of (tihe coil, in whatever manner it is to be use Figs. 12, 13 and 14 are similar views of further modifications of the conductor for the winding of the coil; and

Figs. 11, 12, 13, and 14 are transverse sectional views of the conductors above referred to, taken respectively on the planes of the lines 1111, 12"12, 1313, and 19-14 of Figs. 11, 12, 13 and 14 respectively.

In specificall -.describing the structure briefly deshown in the rawings above laced on the numerous elements, and ref rence will be herein made to them by their respective indices. To. this end, referring for the present to Figs. 1 to 5, the numeral 1 designates a core, which may be=.formed'in"any suitable manner, but which ispreferably made up of a plurality of soft iron wires 2 made into abundle, and here'shown as being circular in cross section, Est-ending through a central longitudinal .openmg 3.1n the core 1 is a current conducting member or rode,

composedpreferably of copper. (This copper rod A4 preferably contacts vwith the. in? ner'most iron wires'2 throughout the entire length of the .jecting, beyond the ends of the same for a latter, and has "its ends. pro

purpose whlchnwillhereinafter appear.

The opposite ends of the core 1 are jwedgedginto the" central openings 5 and 6 er a pair or

plates

7 and 8 respectively, it,

. 8 serve as however, is 'to beunderstood that any other suitable means may be utilized for accompli'shing'this mounting. These plates 7 and heads for the coil for supporting the same and for retaining the winding thereon."v y

The winding ust referred to is designated by the numeral 9. It is composedof separate and-

independent sections

10 and 11 of copper and iron wire respective-ly, the cross sectional area of the copper wire being slightly greater than that of the iron wire, as most clearly shown. in Fig. 5 of the drawings. However, it is to be understoodthat the relative sizes of the iron and copper wires may be changed to produce the best re- 'inner layer thereof and sults according to the manner iii-which .the-

electro magnet is to be used.

The winding 9 is wound upon'the' core inare electrically connected with thefcopper rod d and incidentally with theiron' core 1 inasmuch as the wires 2 of whichthe latter is composedfare in contact with said rod.

While this connection may be made in nu merous ways, the most convenient. is'by wrappingorwinding these ends ofthe s'ec-' tions around one of the protruding ends of the copper rod 4: as shown at 13, and then soldering them thereto? The other or outer end of the iron 'seetion 11 is wrapped or wound around and soldered to the other protruding 'endgof the rod 4,

and thus similarly electrically connected with the latter and with the core -1. This end. of the rod 4 is electrically "connected with a binding post 16 by a short conductor 117i, said binding post being fixed to the coil ead 7 in any suitable manner. Fixed to thehead 'Z in a similar manner is a second binding post 18 to which the other or outer end of the copper section 10 is electrically connected. ltis to be here unde'arstoodthat the provision and location of the

binding posts

16 and 18 is merely a matter of convenience,

are not connected in any manner to the copcuit wire.

for the and forms no part of the present invention,

and may beentirely omitted, moved to another position, or other'suitable devices substituted therefor as occasion requires.

Fig; 6 illustrates a modified and simplified form of .the eledtro-magnet. From this it maybe seen thatthe copper rod 4; has been entirely omitted, and also that the ends of the iron sectlon 1]. are left free, that is, they per section 10 or the. iron core 1. This Sim-- plified form of .our electro-magnet will opcrate, but better results are obtained with the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 5.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings, the electromagnet is diagrammatically represented, and is shown connected and arranged in-the circuit of anordinary make and break ignition system for internal combustionengines. In this figure, the letter B designates a bat- A an intermittently operable contact carrying arm, C a' fixed contact, and D a cir- The ends of the wire D are connected to the

binding posts

16 and 18.

- The electrical theories involved during the operation of this 'elect'ro-magnet as a spark coil, and the manner in which one element afiects the others are not known, but eXten-. sive experimentation'has shown that a hotter and larger spark is" obtained with this'coil' than with one of the ordinary construction using the same initial voltage. As far as can be determined, the electrical energy produced by the coil is 'shockless, forth'ebare wires or terminals of the coil can be readily. 10o handled, and no current will manifest itself as being present therein except by the heat and spark at the time of the make and break.

Thus, thecoil is especially adapted foruse by careless persons, and those who have very little knowledge of and fear electricity.

Absolutely no waterproofing or impregnating insulation or varnish is necessary for application to the .wire or wires which constitute the Winding of this coil, and it is therefore preferable to use an ordinary cotton covering for the copper wire with absolutely no waterproofing, insulating or .impregnating agency. Obviously, the expense oimanufacturing. electro-magnets 1S greatly reduced by this inventioinfor the windings heretofore knowni have necessarily been treated with some waterproofing or impregnating agency. Even with the ordinarycot-' ton covering for the-copper Wire, the coil 12 will effectively-operate when completely sub merged in water. Furthermore, the spark can be produced under water. 1

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 illustratethe structural adaptation of this electro-magnet for use as 12 a field magnet for dynamo electric or other current generating machines and devices. In these figures, the letters E and F represent the pole pieces and'G the armature of the wellknown type of dynamo. The pole 13 spectively pieces E and F are detachably connected to the ends of a comparatively large, cylindrical soft steel core member 19 having therein a centrally arranged longitudinally extending opening 20. Disposed in this opening 20 is a supplemental core 21 composed, as in the spark coil, of a bundle of soft iron wires 22. Through the core 21 extends a copper rod 23.

Surrounding the portion of the member 19 which is disposed between the inner sides of the pole pieces E and F is'a cylindrical or tubular spool member 24 provided at its ends with heads-25. The field winding, composed of'

sections

26 and 27 of copper and iron wire, is wound upon the spool member 24 in the same manner as the spark coil was wound, the sections being wound at the same time and being disposed side by side and connected with the cop er rod 23 also in the manner above describecll Referring now to Fig. '1 of. the drawings, where the dynamo is diagrammatically represented, it will be seen that the free end of the copper section 26 is connected by a conductor a to one terminal of a switch 6, while the end ofthe copper rod 23 opposite to that to which the other end of the copper section 26 is connected, is connected by a conductor 0 to one terminal of a rheostatd, the other terminal of which is connected by a conductor e to the other terminal of the switch 5-. Conductors f and 9 connect the terminals of the switch I) with the brushes h and a re of the dynamo. j represents the line circuit supplied by the dynamo and cons'ists in the present instance of a plurality of incandescent lamps. I

It has been found that the presence of a field magnet wound and connected in this manner causes an instantaneous and automatic regulation when the load is suddenly increased or decreased about 25%. If a short circuit is efi'ected across the switch 6, a complete demagnetization of the field magnet takes place. As soon as the short circuit is removed, the voltage at once resumes its normal amount.

Where the increase or decrease in the load is 25% or less, the regulation is so efiective and instantaneous that no flickering of the lights in the circuit j is noticeable.

As is true in regard to the spark coil, moisture or water does not afiect the operation ofthe field coil. t is therefore preferable to cover the. copper section 26 merelywith ordinary cotton wrapping without varnish or other impregnating agency.

In Figs. 11 and- 11 of the drawings, a modified form of the. conductor for the winding of the coil, in whatever manner it is to be used,'is shown.

tions

28 and 29 are twistedltogether and covered with a single cotton wrap ing 30.

Another modification .of the above remember within the Here the two sec-.

ferred to conductor is shown in Figs. 12 and 12*. In this, a pluralityof copper and iron wires 28' and 29 res ectively are twisted to-' gether the same as cable, and then covered wrapping 30.

In Figs. 13 and 13 the copper and

iron sections

28 and 29 are in the form of strips or ribbons disposed side by side and soldered or welded together, and then wrapped with a single cotton covering 30 A still further modification is shown in Figs. 14 and 14 consisting of cotton covered, copper clad iron wire, the copper section being represented by the numeral 28,

with a single cotton the ironsection by the numeral 29 and thecotton covering by the numeral 30 The specific construction of a coil constructed in accordance with this invention and using a conductor of this character, forms the subjectmatter of our co-pending application, Filed April 30, 1917, Serial No. 165,593. While copper and iron are the preferred substances from which-to construct the sections of the winding for the coil, yet numerous other substances may be substituted for them, so long as the copper substitute is a non-magnetic metal and the iron substitute is a magnetic metal.

In the claims where the current conductt e-strands ofa rope or.

ing member is defined as being arranged in inductive relation with res ect to one of said sections, it is not inten ily be limited to disposing the conductin windm of the co Similarly, where it is define as being arranged in juxtaposition with the core, it is not intended to be necessarily limited to extend through the core.

Numerous changes and modifications other than those herein enumerated may be made without departing from the spirit and principle of the invention as now claimed 1. An electro-magnet including a windingcomposed of sections of magnetic and non'-" magnetic metals and a,current conductmg member connected in series with one of said sections-end arranged in inductive relation with respect thereto.

2'. An eIectro-magnet comprising a core, a current conductingmember arranged in juxtaposition with said core, and a single winding -for said core. composed of sections of magnetic and non-magnetic metals, one oi said sectionsbeing connected in serieswith said current conducting member.

3. An electro-niagnet comprising a core, a current conducting member extending longitudinally through said core, and a single winding for said core composed of sections of magnetic and non-magnetic metals, one of said sections being connected in series with said icurrent conducting. member.

4. An electro-magnet comprising a core, and aisingle winding for said core composed ed to necessarnals electrically connected with said core,

another of said sections being adapted tobe included in an electric circuit. 4

5, Ah electro-magnetcomprising a core, a current conducting member arranged in '11):- taposition with said core and extending ongitudinally of. the same, and a single winding for said'core composed of sections of magnetic and non-magnetic metals, one 0 said sections being connected in series with said current conducting member, and another of said sections having its terminals electrically connected with said core an said current conducting member.

6. An electro-magnet comprising a core, a current conducting membera'rranged in juxtaposition with said core, said core and said member being composed respectively of magnetic and non-magneticsubstances, and a single winding for said core composed of sections of magnetic and non-magnetic substances, one of said sections being-connected in series with said current conducting memer.

-7."In an electromagnet, a core composed of a bundle of softiron wires, a copper rod parallel with said soft iron wires and extend= ing centrally through said core, copper wire wound around. said bundle of iron wires and copper rod and having ends electrically connected respectively with the end portions of said copper. rod and having other ends connected with a sourceof electric energy, and an iron wirewound around said bundle of iron wires and having its endselectrically connected to and termmating at the end pord 'tions of said copper rod beyond the ends of said bundle of iron wires. In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in'the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' ALFRED W. HOUCHIN.

, CHARLES E. LUBURG.

Witnesses:

ALFRED W. Houonm, Jr., J. M. Bmons.