US1305066A - Wovez-i bile - Google Patents

Description

J. COLEY.

WOVEN PILE FABRIC.

APEUCATION FlLED APR. 11, 1911.

1 35 6b Patented May 27, 1919.

INVENTOR Jon 9h 60/ey BY WMR.

ATTORNEY 1 JFQSEPH 'GGJLEE, 0E FWQECES'EER, MASSACHUSETT$ Woven rrnn rannrc,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 27', 1Q1Q Application filed April 11, 1917. Serial No. 161,124.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I,.JosnrH Comer, a citizen of the United States, and a, resident of Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Woven P le Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to woven pile fabrics and more particularly to Wilton carpets and rugs orother pile fabrics.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a double-woven rug or carpet, the two body portions thereof being of. ent1rely different qualities or types but having the same pattern.

More specifically stated, it is one object of my invention to provide a duplex rug or carpet, the two parts being woven face-toface and subsequently cut to produce a W11- ton rug or carpet and a second rug or carpet constituting a fabric of relatively light and soft material corresponding, in a general way, to the well-known oriental rugs having the same face pattern as the W1lton fabric and showing exactly the same pattern on the back so that the weaver can see' what is being produced, and being very flexible because it has no pattern threads running along in the body of the fabric.

Another object of my invention is to provide a relatively wide rug or carpet which is woven without employing the'usual transversely-extending wires, so that 1 thereby obviate the usual straight rows of loops of worsted that are present in the customary types of carpets and whereby a relatively large number of rows of pattern to the inc may be produced, each row following the course of a broken line rather than the usual straight line and which can be woven rapidly because two Wefts can be inserted, one in each fabric at each beat of. the lay.

My invention may best be understood by reference to the accompanying drawing, which is an edge view of a carpet or rug, woven in accordance with my present invention, of a three-shot fabric.

In the regular Wilton rug or carpet, the pile or set of worsted loops is formed by inserting wires under or in the shed or space formed by the raising of the jacquard mechanism for determining the pattern, each wire being provided with an end knife or blade which cuts the worsted loops or pattern-forming threads as the wires are drawn out transversely after the worsted loops or pattern-forming threads have been suitably bound into the ground or body of the rug or carpet by the desired number of shots or filling-wefts.

There are usually five frames or sets of bobbins employed in weaving Wilton rugs or carpets, and only one worsted color thread is raised by the jacquard mechanism in each aperture or slot of the reed to thereby form the desired pattern, the remaining four color threads being buried or carried straight along in the body of the fabric, which constitutes the main reason for the expensiveness of Wilton rugs and carpets.

According to my present invention, however, I produce rugs or carpets of the do ablepile type, the two grounds or bodies being woven 'face-to-face in order to economize in the necessary amount of the expensive worsted threads commonly used in the body One defect of this method is that a material amount of time is lost by the greatly increased number of lowerings and raisings of the color threads from the one fabric to the other during the process of Weaving. On the other hand, in my present invention the color or pattern-forming threads are raised and lowered back again into the body of the rug 0r carpet at one movement of the loom or beat of the lay, consequently producing the double-pile fabric by the-same number of loom movements and in the same time as the regular single fabric of the prior art requires. I My invention is particularly applicable to relatively wide work, from one to three yards, for example, where the usual type of wires cannot be ,made sufliciently rigid to properly perform their intended function without being relatively bulky and heavy, thus resulting in the production of coarsely woven carpet. In the present instance, however, by reason of the fact that no wires are employed, relatively finely-Woven Work may be produced by machine, irrespective of the width of the carpet or-rug.

Referring to the drawings,-thc double-pile fabric shown comprises a main or lower ground or body 1 and an upper ground or ity, the two iiarts being woven face-to-face' thus vary the relative depth of pile upon the two bodies. Several colored worsted warps or pattern-forming threads 4 and 5, etc., are shown, each extending from themain or lower body 1 upwardly and over the back of the. upper ground or body 2 and thence downwardly into the main body portion again, as clearly indicated by the differently marked worsted warps 4 and 5 in the drawing.

Three shots or filling-wefts per worstedloop are employed in each body, and in the upper fabric, one filling-weft 8 being lo cated Within the loop of each worsted thread and two 9 being located between adjacent Worsted threads of different colors.

. Suitable pairs of binding warps 10 and 10, and 11 and 11*" extend through the worsted threads in the upper and in the lower ground, respectively, and take the usual wavy course over the upper. shot in each body portion and under the adjacent lower shot, the two binding warps crossing each other in the usual way to securely bind the worsted threads 4 and 5 into position. If desired, a stufi'er or filler 12, extending straight through the upper fabric 2 between the parallel rows of filling-wefts 8 and 9 may be utilized. A stufi'er may also be employed in the lower ground, as is customary, if desired. Y

The rug or carpet is woven by raising any desired portion of the pattern-forming threads by the jacquard mechanism for forming one row of-loops 4 in spaced sections or groups, according to the desired pat tern, upon the first movement of the 100m or beat of the lay and by throwing the weft or shuttle thread 8 through or acrossthem and partially binding them into the respective bodies or grounds (not shown), and then upon the second loom movement, raising the remaining pattern threads 5 in the spaces between the first set of groups to thus form a complete and uniform double row of worsted loops, the next weft or shuttle thread 8 being thrown through or across the second row 5 of worsted loops and the other binding-warps being woven into the illustrated position. The two rows of loops are com actly driven together by the reed or lay in the usual manner to' form a double course or row, having an approximately rectangular outline, considered as a whole, but wherein the filling-wefts or shuttle threads 8 follow broken lines of symmetrically recurring form. Adjacent single courses orrows are thus dissimilar in both the upper and the lower bodies.

is thus woven in the same time and with the same number of required loom movements as is taken by the weaving of the regular Wilton rugs or carpets.

Moreover, a relatively large number of rows per inch of pattern-forming threads is entirely feasible in the present invention, since the number of rows is not dependent upon the thickness of wires which, of course, limits the number of rows per inch in the regular Wilton work.

A double-pile fabric, employing five different colors of yarn is shown, a three-shot type of filling, however, being employed. In the lower or main body 20, one shot 21 passes along the back of the ground, while the other two shots or filling- wefts 22 and 23 are located alon the top or up er* surface of the body portion. Each bin ing-warp 11 and 11*,in this case extends under the lower shot and over the two upper shots, successively, the two binding-warps being arranged in the usual complementary sense or crossing arrangement to produce the desired binding effect. The three shots in the upper body are arranged and bound in an analo-' gous manner. This produces a three-shot weave in each fabric with the pattern reproduced on the back of the upper fabric without variation so that if desired the rear loops could be cut by pile wires and the upper fabric would be a double reversible ple fabric wlth' identical" patterns on both s1 es.

It will be seen that I thus provide a double-pile fabric woven face-to-face, wherein the lower ground or body comprises a regular Wilton rug or carpet of a selected pat-v tern and the upper ground or body has the same pattern, but is of an entirely different quality and weight. In the upper fabric, the pattern or worsted threads are looped over the back, that is, the upper illustrated surface of the upper body, so that the complete, identically colored and locatedpattern 1s also shown on the back. The upper fabric is very light and soft, being in this respect also somewhat comparable to the oriental rugs and at the same time the patternthreads are firmly and uniformly bound in the upper fabric and will not draw out or loosen.

If desired to make the upper fabric still lighter and more flexible, the stuifer or filler 12 may be omitted thereby leaving only the binding warps and the pattern forming threads. In this case also, such threads would be firmly bound into the light body,

and a very light and soft rug or carpet would result. I

As previously stated, the cutting or splitting of the worsted loops along'the intermediate line 33 to thus form the desired double cut-pile fabric, is referably accomplished by a suitable kni e arrangement as the rug or carpet isbeing woven, and the vertical adjustment of such knife will correspondingly vary the relative depth of pile upon the upper and lower bodies.

I do not wish to be restricted to the specific arrangement of parts herein set forth, as various modifications thereof may be effected Without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. For example, the described fabric, in addition to being employed for carpets or rugs, may also be used as a covering for furniture, etc. I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be imposed as are expressed in the appended claim.

I claim as my invention:

A double-woven pile fabric having an upper and a lower body of the same pattern but materially different qualities and comprising sets of Weft-threads for the back of each body, a plurality of pattern threads raised from the lower body and all looped over Weft-threads in the back of the upper body to show the identically colored and located arrangement of individual pattern threads on both sides'thereof and then lowered directly into the lower body, the weft threads being located in the front surface of each body in exactly corresponding positions therein between adjacent pairs of loops, so that two weft-threads can be introduced at each beat of the lay, and sets of binding-warps running substantially parallel to each other through the pattern threads of each body arranged identically in the two fabrics but reversed and intercrossing to bind in the various Weft-threads and pattern threads.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subszcribed my name this 6th day of April, 191

JOSEPH COLEY.

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