US1293602A - Talking-machine. - Google Patents

Description

C. E. WOODS.

TALKING MACHINE. APPLICATION "ILED FEB. 19.1917.

1,293,602.. Patented Feb. 4, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

c. E. woons.

TALKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I9- I917. 1,298,602, Patented Feb. 4, 1919.

4' SHEETS-SHEET 2.

C. E. WOODS.

TALKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 19.1917.

LQQELEOQ. Patented Feb. 4, 1919.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

C. E. WOODS.

TALKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 19.1912.

Patented Feb. 4, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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CLINTON E. WOODS, 0F BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN GRAPHO- PHONE COMPANY, OF BRIDG-EPORT, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

TALKING-MACHIN E.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 4, 19119.

Application filed February 19, 1917. Serial No. 149,553.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLINTON E. Wooos, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Bridgeport, Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Talking-Machines, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention relates to sound-recording and reproducing machines, and more particularly to the motor and its controlling devices.

In machines of this type heretofore constructed, there has existed the serious disadvantage that considerable time must elapse between each starting of the motor and the subsequent positioning of the stylus in operative relation with the sound-record, owing to the gradual building up of the speed of the sound-record support as the motor overcomes the inertia of the driven elements. This defect has been particularly serious and annoying in machines employed for purposes of dictation, and, in the practical use of such machines, has necessitated a continuously-running motor with a clutch intermediate the motor and the record sup port. Such a construction is more or less complex, while a continuously-running mo tor greatly increases the cost of operation, as there is unavoidably a considerable proportion of the time during dictation or transcription when actual recordation or reproduction is not taking place. It is also highly desirable that upon stopping the motor the driven parts should come quickly to their position of rest so as to avoid relative movement of the stylus and sound record, owing to the inertia of the moving parts, beyond that point at which it is desired to stop.

. It is an objectof this invention to proand will 'brought 'to rest stantaneously upon stopping vide a sound-recording or reproducing machine .Wltll a motor and control mechanism :thcrefor so. designed that the sound-record will be brought to normalspeed practically instantaneously upon' starting the motor,

practically inthe motor.

3 It Lisaflfurther;objectQ of this invention to provide- .ina; sound recording or reproujducing machine adriving motor that will exert a large initialtorque to bring-the driven elements to normal speed practically instantaneously, and automatic means to reduce the torque of said motor as the driven elements approach their normal speed.

Yet another object of this invention is to provide, in combination with the motor of a sound-recording or reproducing machine, a stop mechanism that shall be automatically rendered operative by the ceasing of the rotative torque of the motor, and that shall be automatically rendered inoperative by the starting of said motor.

A still further object of this invention is to provide in a sound-recording or reproducing machine a start-and-stop device for the motor that is bodily movable at will with respect to the motor and its associated elements, whereby said start-and-stop device may be moved about to suit the convenience of the operator.

Another object of the invention resides in predetermined intermediate speed and approaches said normal speed. By preference said motor is electrical, and means are provided, supplemental to such motor, for decreasing the torque of the motor, as by 1ncreasing the resistance of the motor circuit.

Said means for operating upon the resistance of the motor circuit is, by preference, a speed-responsive device, and desirably associated with the latter is a second supplemental device acting in succession to said resistance-varying means and operating to maintain the motor at normal speed by frictionally decreasing the torque transmitted to the record support upon any tendency of said support to exceed its normal speed of rotation.

Associated with said automatic means for bringing the record support to normal speed practically instantaneously is, by preference, a mechanism to stop said support practically instantaneously, said mechanism preferably taking the form of coacting brake elements, one of which is mounted upon a longitudinally movable shaft and the other of which is relatively stationary, and means for auto matically engaging and disengaging said elements upon torque of the motor and upon the starting of the motor, respectively.

With the above automatic devices controlling the starting and stopping of the record support is desirably stop device for the motor that is bodily movable at will with respect to the motor and its associated parts, said device being manually manipulated, by which is meant footoperated or hand-operated, and, in the latter event, preferably supported upon the flexible tube that communicates with the soundbox in such a osition as to be readily manipulated by t e hand holding the tube in operating relation.

Additionally, the motor is preferably separated from the supporting frame of the machine by a vibration-insulating device to prevent vibrations of the motor from interfering with the proper recordation or reproduction of sound.

The invention is capable of receiving a variety of mechanical expressions, one of which has been shown in detail on the accompanying drawings, but it is to be ex pressly understood that the drawings are for purposes of illustration only, and are not to be construed as definitions of the limits of the invention, reference being bad to the appended claims for that purpose.

In said drawings-- Figure 1 is a diagram of a suitable arrangement of electrical circuits when the motor employed in the present invention is electrical;

Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of a soundrecording or reproducing machine embody-- ing the present invention;

ig. 3 is a detail elevation of the motor;

Fig. 4 is an end view of the motor;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary side view of the motor;

Fig. 6 is a detail of the device for receiving the thrust of the motor shaft;

Fi 7 is an elevation of a machine embodying the present invention and illustrating a start-and-stop device associated with a flexible tube in communication with the sound-box;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged vertical cross-section of the switch carried by said tube;

Fig. 9 is a still further enlarged horizontal section through the switch of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is an elevation of a machine emthe ceasing of the rotative associated a start-and-.

bodying the present invention and illustrat ing a start-and-stop device therefor in the form of a foot-controlled switch, the latter being shown in enlarged vertical section; and r Fig. 11 is a further enlarged vertical sec-- tion of the switch of Fig. 10'at rightangles to the section of the latter figure.

Referring in detail to the drawings, where in the same reference characters are em ployed to designate the same parts in the several figures, 1 indicates the main supporting frame of a sound recording or reproducing machine, that illustrated being of the small and compact type suitable for use as a desk dictating or transcribing machine, but it is to be expressly understood that the invention is not restricted to use in any particular type of machine. Frame 1 is shown as provided with a plurality of supporting posts 2 preferably made of rubber or similar material. Extending upwardly from the frame 1 are standards 3 designed to carry any suitable form of sound record support and feed devices for any suitable form of sound-box, the latter element being generally indicated at 4.

Also mounted upon the main supporting frame 1 is any suitable form of driving motor 5, here shown as an electrical motor adapted to exert a large initial torque in excess of that necessary to maintain the record-support at its normal speed of rotation. Preferably this motor is separated from the main frame by a resilient device adapted to prevent the transmission of vibration therethrough. In the form shown, thisdevice is a block 6 of rubber or similar material, said block 6 being secured to the motor by screws 7 and to the main frame 1 by screws 8. Said block 6 of rubber is therefore connected to each of said motor and said frame independently of the other; and while of sufficient rigidity to properly support the motor, it is soft enough to insulate the mo tor from the main frame and to prevent transmission to the sound-record support and the sound-box of any deleterious vibrations.

Motor shaft 9 carries the armature 10,

' commutator 11 and a driving pulley 12, from the latter of which extends a belt to devices rotating the sound-record support and the feeding means for the sound-box. Motor shaft 9 is rotatably mounted in the motor frame, suitable bearings being shown at 13 and 14, and is furthermore so mounted as to be capable of a limited longitudinal move ment. Carried by the motor frame are also the pole pieces 15, preferably supported between washers 16 of felt or other material adapted to prevent the transmission of vibration, and the brushes 17 of the commutater 11.

Mounted on the motor shaft 9, and desir- I ably integral therewith, is a worm 18 meshing with aworm-wheel 19 which, in the form shown in turn meshes with worm 20 on governor shaft 21. Carried by the latter shaft .is a collar 22 to which is secured one end of an adjusting screw 30, whereby the initial setting of the brakead 28 may be varied.

If desired, any suita 'le device for lubricating the upper surface of friction disk 26 may be provided. In the form shown, 'a wick 31 is mounted in rubbing contact therewith,- the same being carried by a tube 32 that is closed at its upper end by screw 33, enabling the addition of oil or the substitution of a new'wick. Wick 31 serves not only to 11ibricate the upper surface of friction disk 26, but, as the oil tends to work over the edge of the disk and inward along its lower surface, also to. lubricate the latter together with the lower bearing 34 of governor shaft 21. Said governor shaft is also provided with an upper bearing at 35 which is shown as provided with an oil cavity closed by a screw 36. To take up the end thrust of motor shaft 9, a suitable thrust device is provided, that illustrated comprising a resilient member 37 adjustably supported by posts 38 projecting from the motor frame.

Also supported on the motor frame, and with one end thereof projecting beneath friction disk 26, is a bell-crank lever 39 carrying at its lower extremity a friction pad 40 adapted to engage the under surface of said disk. The opposite end 41 of said bell-crank lever 39 coacts with the lower end 42 of a second bell-crank lever 43, the opposite' end of the latter being extended horizoiitally, as shown at 44, and designed to engage a movable terminal 45, shown as comprising a springsuitably supported on' the motor frame and carrying a contact member 45 that is adapted to engage a second contact member 46' supported on a second terminal 46.

In Fig. 1 a suitable circuit arrangementfor the motor is illustrated diagrammatically, andcomprises'l'ine wires 47 and 48 from which current is led to the motor through wires 49 and 50, which may be'contained in a cord that is connected to a plug in turn adapted to engagethe terminal indicated at 51. Suitable resistance elements 52 will in any direction with respect to the connected to wire 50 and the. contact element U 26, said lever being maintained by spring 29 in engagement with 46 carried by stationary terminal 46. From contact element 45 carried by the movable terminal 45, the circuit connections lead to any suitable form of switch 55, and thence to the motor diagrammatically illustrated at 56, from which a connection is made to line wire 47 through wire 49. High-resistance element 53, which is designed to interpose in the motor circuit such resistance as is necessary to maintain a motor torque that will secure a proper normal speed of rotation of the record support, and around which the connections through the contacts 45 and 46 constitute a shunt, is connected into the circuit at points between the resistance element 52 and contact 46 and between contact 45 and the switch 55. It is to be understood that resistance element 53 is of such size as. to decrease the voltage to that suitable for running the motor at the necessary .speed to secure a normal speed of rotation of the sound-record support, and that the resistance element 52 is of such size as is necessary to adapt the machine to the voltage at the particular place of use, while delivering to the motor not only the normal voltage for the normal operation of the machine but also an increased voltage supplemental to said normal voltage and of such size as to increase the motor torque sufli- 'ciently to overcome the inertia of the parts driven thereby and bring the record support to normal speed practically instantaneously.

Also supported upon the motor' shaft 9, in the form shown is a brake element in' the form of a rotary friction disk 57, said disk being adapted to co6perate, under suitable conditions, with a stationary friction disk 58 carried by the motor frame and in the path of movement of said friction disk 57 spect to governor shaft 21. Such retardation, owingto the coaction of .worm 18 and worm-wheel 19, aided. by the resiliency of thrust member 37 when employed, causes. displacement of the motor shaft 9 toward the left, as viewed in Fig. 3, engaging friction disks 57 and 58.

Switch 55 may be andpreferahly isof vsuch ,a construction that it may be moved at motor and its associated parts to enable the operator-of the machine to assume any de-. sired position with respect thereto. v Said switch within thespirit of the present in- 59 connected at one end to a suitable plug 60 mounted on the main frame 1 and connected at its opposite end to a switch member 61 supported upon tube 62 which, in the form shown, is a flexible tube communicating with sound-box 4 and. carrying at its outer end any suitable mouthpiece 63. Switch member 61 is shown supported upon said tube 62 by a clamping band 64 in such position as to be readily manipulated by the hand that holds the mouth-piece in operating position during dictation. Any suitable form of switch may be employed, that illustrated comprising a plunger 65 pivotally connected to a pair ofmovable contact members 66 and 67 adapted to be brought into engagement with stationary contact members 68 and 69 respectively. A coiled spring 70 surrounds said plunger and normally urges the latter to its outermost position, wherein contact members 66 and 67 are held out of en agement with their opposed contact 'mem ers by a spring 71 connected at its opposite ends to said members 66 and 67.

In Figs. 10 and 11, the switch member comprises a foot-operated device connected by cord 59 to a plug 60'. Said foot-operated device may be of any suitable construction, being shown as comprising a casing 72 within which works a plunger 73 that is in turn pivotally connected to a pair of contact members 74 and 75, the latter being adapted to engage stationary contact members 76 and 77, as in the case of the handoperated switch. Downward'movement of the plunger is opposed by a coiled spring'7 8 surrounding the same, and contact members 74 and are connected by a spring 79 t0 maintain them normally in the relative position illustrated in Fig. 11. I

To start the machine, switch 55 is closed. Whether said switch be embodied in a footoperated member, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11, or in a hand-operated member, as shown in Figs. 7 to 9, it will be apparent that said switch may be readily moved at will in any direction with respect to the motor and its driven elements, so as 'to enable the operator to take up any position that he may desire with respect to the machine. Furthermore, if the hand-operated device of Fig. 7 be employed, the actuating plunger of the switch member is in a position to be readily operated by the thumb of the hand that supports the mouth-piece in operating position.

When friction disk 26 is in its lower position of rest, it urges bell crank lever 39 in an anti-clockwise direction (see Fig. 4), and end 41 of said lever forces bell-crank lever 43 to engage contact 45 with contact 46'. Therefore, switch 55 causes current to flow to motor 5 from line wire 48 through wire 50, low-resistance element 52, contacts 45' and 46, and switch 55, returning to line wire 47 through wire 49. High-resistance element 53 being thereby shunted, the motor exerts a large initial torque and is enabled to overcome the interia of the parts rotated thereby so as to bring the record'support to normal speed practically instantaneously. As said record support exceeds a predetermined intermediate speed less than normal speed, and preferably just as it is approaching normal speed, friction disk 26, moved longitudinally of shaft 21 by the bowin of springs 23 upon increase of the centri ugal force of the weights 24,= permits movement of the bell-cranks 39 and 43 under the action of the resilient terminal 45 so that contact 45 is withdrawn from contact 46. The current now flows to the motor from line wire 48 through wire 50, resistance element 52, resistance element 53, and switch 55, returning to line wire 47 through wire 49. The increased resistance thus imposed upon the motor circuit decreases the torque of said motor and reduces its speed of rotation, and therefore decreases the torque transmitted to the record support: When said record support reaches its normal speed of rotation,

friction disk 26 is engaged by friction pad 28. Preferably contact of disk 26 with pad 28 is immediately subsequent to the disengagement of contacts 45' and 46. If the motor tends to further increase its speed, the frictional resistance opposed to its rotation by the contact of elements 26 and 28 will decrease the torque transmitted to the record support, while a decrease of speed .will be accompanied by a decrease of frictional resistance, permitting an increased torque to be transmitted to the record support. Thus the record support is maintalned at normal speed by the second of the two supplemental devices which successively tend to reduce the'torque transmitted to the sound-record support. It is furthermore to be noted that said normal speed of rotation may be readily varied by manipulation of the adjusting screw 30 to approach or withdraw brake-pad 28 toward or from friction disk 26.

ment 58. Upon breaking the motor circuit 130 Laoaeoa by opening switch 55, the rotative torque of the motor ceases, and the lag imposed on the motor shaft, aided by the resiliency of thrust member 37 when employed, causes a longitudinal movement of the motor shaft toward the left, as viewed in Fig. 3 and, as heretofore explained, engages brake elements 57 and 58, bringing the parts to rest practically instantaneously.

It will therefore be seen that a soundrecording or reproducing machine has been provided with a motor and control devices therefor whereby the sound-record support is brought to normal speed practically instantaneously and whereby the parts are brought to rest practically instantaneously. Furthermore, a start-and-stop mechanism has been provided which may be readily moved in all directions with respect to said motor to suit the convenience of the operator. Additionally, the motor is so supported as to prevent transmission of harmful vibrations to the sound-responsive ele ments.

While the invention has been described as embodied in a machine especially designed as a dictation machine, it is to be expressly understood that the invention is not restricted to employment in such a type of machine. Furthermore, while the invention has been shown as embodied in a machine employing an electrical motor, it is to be expressly understood that the invention is not restricted to that type of motor, as by suitable changes it is capable of embodiment in machines employing other types of motor. Furthermore, while the brake elements for the instantaneous stopping of the parts have been shown as associated with the motor shaft, it will be apparent that the same might be associated with other shafts in the machine, by suitably mounting the same for longitudinal movement. Also, while a resistance element 52 has been shown as interposed between the governor-controlled switch and'the line Wires when the motor is to exert its greater torque, it will be understood that under suitable conditions said resistance may be entirely omitted. Yet again, certain features of the invention are capable of use without other features thereof, as will 'be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore reference is to be had to the appended :claims for a definition of the limits of this invention, it being understood that the term talking machine as used in said claims is employed as generic to both sound-recording ducing machines.

and sound-repro- What is claimed is 1. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound-record support, a driving motor connected to said support and adapted to apply thereto a large initial torque to bring it to normal speed pract1- motor and associated cally instantaneously, and two separatelyacting automatic devices supplemental to the motor for causing a smaller torque to be applied to said support while it rotates at the said normal speed.

2. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a driving motor connected to said support and adapted to apply thereto a large initial torque to 'bring it to normal speed practically instantaneously, a manually operable device bodily movable with respect to the parts for starting and stopping said motor, and two separatelyacting automatic devices supplemental to the motor for causing the torque applied to said support while it rotates at said normal speed to be smaller than said initial torque.

3. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a driving motor connected to said support and adapted to apply thereto a large initial torque to 'bring it to normal speed practically instantaneously, two separately-acting automatic devices supplemental to the motor for causing a smaller torque to be applied to said support while it rotates at said normal speed, and means for adjusting one of said 7 automatic devices to vary said normal speed.

4. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a driving motor connected to said support and adapted to apply thereto a large initial torque to bring it'to normal speed practically instantaneously, and two separate automatic devices supplemental to the motor and acting successively ,asv the speed increases to decrease the torque applied to said support.

5. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a driving motor connected to said support and adapted to apply thereto a large initial torque to bring it to normal spee practically instantaneously, and two separately-acting automatic devices supplemental to the motor for causing a smaller torque to be applied to said support while it rotates at said normal speed, one device serving to decrease the torque exerted by said motor and the other device serving to decrease the torque transmitted from said motor to said support.

6. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a driving motor connected to said support and adapted to apply thereto a large initial torque to bring it to normal speed practically instantaneously, and two separate automatic devices supplemental to the motor and acting successively as the speed increases to decrease the torque applied to said support, one device serving to decrease the torque exerted by said serving to decrease the torquetransmitted from said motorto said support.

, 7. The combination in a talking machine motor and the other device of a rotatable sound record support, a driving motor connected to said support and adapted to apply thereto a lar e initial torque to bring it to normal spee practically instantaneously, two separately-acting automatic devices supplemental to the motor for causing a smaller torque to be applied to said support while it rotates at said normal speed, one de ice serving to decrease the torque exerted by said motor and the other device serving to decrease the torque transmitted from said motor tosaid support, and means for adjusting one of said automatic devices to vary said normal speed.

8. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a motor for driving said support, means for causing the motor to exert a large initial torque to bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, automatic means supplemental to the motor for causing said motor to exert a relatively small torque while the support rotates at substantially normal speed, and automatic means supplemental to the aforesaid automatic means for maintaining said normal speed of rotation of the support.

9. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a motor for driving said support, means for causing the motor to exert a large initial torque to bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, automatic means supplemental to the motor for causing said mo-' tor to exert a relatively small torque while the support rotates at'substantially normal speed, automatic means supplemental to the aforesaid automatic means for maintaining said normal speed of rotation of the support, and means for adjusting the last said means to vary said normal speed.-

10. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a motor for driving said support, means for causing the motor to exert a large initial torque to bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, automatic means sup plemental to the motor for causing said motor to exert a relatively small torque when the speed of said support exceeds a predetermined intermediate speed below said normal speed, and automatic means supplemental to the aforesaid automatic means for prevent(i1ng said support exceeding said normal spee 11. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a motor for driving said support, means for causing the motor to exert a large initial torque to bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, automatic means supplement al to the motor for reducing the input of power to said motor while the support rotates at substantially normal speed, and automatic means supplemental to the aforecally instantaneously, a speed-responsive de vice operated by said motor, and devices controlledby said speed-responsive device for reducing the input of power to said motor and for frictionally retarding the motor when the support reaches said normal speed of rotation.

13. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a motor for driving said support, means for causing the motor to exert a large initial torque to bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, a speed-responsive device operated by said motor, and two devices controlled by said speed-responsive device and acting successively as the speed increases respectively to reduce the torque of said motor and to frictionally retard said motor.

M. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a motor for driving said support, means for causing the motor to exert a large initial torque to bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, a speed-responsive device operated by said motor, and devices controlled by said speed-responsive device to admit a large input of power to said motor only when the motor is idle or its speed is lowand to mechanically resist ro- I tation thereof only when its speed is high.

15. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a motor for driving said support, means for causing the motor to exert a large initial torque to bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, a governor shaft driven by said motor, a disk slidable longitudinally of said shaft, centrifugal members carried by said shaft and connected with said disk to move it longitudinally in accordance with speed variations, and devices controlled by said disk for reducing the torque of'said motor and for frictionally retarding said motor when the support reaches said normal speed of rotation.

16. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a motor for driving said support, means for causing the motor to exert a large initial torque to bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, a governor shaft driven by said motor, a disk slidable longitudinally of said shaft, centrifugal members carried by said shaft and connected with said disk to move it longitudinally in accordance with speed variations, a device positloned to be engaged by one side of said disk to operate said first-mentioned means when said disk is in its idle or low speed position, and a device positioned to be engaged by the other side of said disk frlctionally retard said motor when said disk is in its high Speed position.

17. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, an electric motor for driving said support, a lowresistance electrical connection for the motor admitting a large initial input of current to produce a-large torque and bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, automatic means for increasing the resistance of the motor circuit when said support approximates said normal speed, and a speed responsive device for maintaining said normal speed.

18. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, an electric motor for driving said support, a-lowresistance electrical connection for the motor admitting a large initial input of current to produce a large torque and bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, a manually operable switch bodily movable with respect to said motor and associated parts for closing and opening said:

electrical connection for the motor, and automatlc means for lncreasing the resistance of the motor c1rcu1t when said support approximates said normal speed.

19. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, anelectric motor for driving said support, a lowresistance electrical connection for the motor admitting a large initial input of current to produce a large torque and bring' said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, automatic means for increasing the resistance of the motor circuit when said support approximates said normal speed, a speed-responsive device for maintaining said normal speed, and means for adjusting said speed-responsive device to vary said normal speed.

20. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, an electric motor for driving said support, a lowresistance electrical connection for the motor admitting a large initial input of current to produce a large torque and bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, automatic means for increasing the resistance of the motorcircuit when said support exceeds a predetermined intermediate speed below said normal speed, and a speed-responsive device for support exceeding said normal speed.

21. The combination in atalking machine of a rotatable sound record support, an elector circuit but external thereto when the m0- preventing said tor is idle or has a low speed, means controlled by said speed-responsive device for connecting said resistance into the motor circuit when said support approximates a predetermined high speed, and means controlled by said speed-responsive device for mechanically retarding said motor when said support reaches said high. speed.

'22. The combination ina talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, an electric motor for driving said support, a low resistance electrical connection for said motor admitting a large initial input of current to produce a large torque and bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, an electrical resistance associated with the motor circuit but external thereto when said motor is idle or has a low speed, a governor shaft driven by said motor, a disk slidable longitudinally of said shaft, centrifugal devices carried by said shaft and connected with said disk to move it longitudinally in accordance with speed variations, an adjustable brake for engaging one surface of said disk to normally control the speed of rotation of said support, a switch connected with said electrical resistance, and means engaging the other surface of said disk to move said switch to cut out said resistance when said motor is idle or has a low speed.

23. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable soundrecord support, a drivirg motor connected to said support and adapted to apply thereto a large initial torque to bring it to normal speed practically instantaneously, and automatic means to reduce the torque of said motor as said support approaches normal speed.

24. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a mo tor for driving said support, means for causing the motor to exert a large initial torque to bring-said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, and automatic means supplemental to the motor for causing said motor to exert a relatively small torque when the speed of said support exceeds a predetermined intermediate speed below said normal speed.

25. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a motor for driving said support, means for causing the motor to exert a large initial torque to bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, and automatic means supplemental tothe motor for reducing the input of power to said motor while the support rotates at substantially normal speed. i

26. The combination in'a talking machine cally instantaneously, a speed-responsive device operated by said motor, and a device controlled by said speed-responsive device for reducing the torque of said motor when said support exceeds a predetermined intermediate speed below said normal speed.

27. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a motor for driving said support, means causing said motor to exert a large initial torque to bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, a governor shaft driven by said motor, a disk slidable longitudinally of said shaft, centrifugal members carried by said shaft and connected with said disk to move it longitudinally in accordance with speedvariations, and a device controlled by said disk for reducing said initial torque when said disk exceeds a predetermined intermediate speed below said normal speed.

28. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, an electric motor for driving said support, a lowresistance electrical connection for the motor admitting a large initial input of ourrent to produce a large torque and bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, and automatic means for increasing the resistance of the motor circuit to decrease the torque of said motor when the speed of said support exceeds a predetermined intermediate speed below said normal speed.

29. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, an electric motor for driving said support, a lowresistance electrical connection for the motor admitting a large initial input of current to produce a large torque and bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, a speed-responsive device driven by said motor, and automatic means controlled by said speed-responsive device for increasing the resistance of the motor circuit to decrease the torque of said motor when the speed of said support exceeds a predetermined intermediate speed below said normal speed.

30. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, an electrio-motor for driving said support, a lowresistance electrical connection for the motor admitting a large initial input of current to produce .a large torque and bring said support to normal speed practically instantaneously, an electrical resistance associated with the motor circuit but external thereto when said motor is idle or running at low speed, a speed-responsive device driven by said motor, and a switch controlled by said speed-responsive device for connecting said resistance into the motor circuit when the speed of said support exceeds a predeterfor releasing said brake automatically rendered operative by the energization of said motor.

33. The combination in a talking machine of a rotary sound record support, a motor for driving said support, a brake, and means whereby said brake is automatically released by the starting of said motor.

34:. The combination in a talking machine of a rotary sound record support, a motor for driving said support, a brake, and means whereby said brake is automatically applied by the ceasing of the rotative torque of said motor.

351?;The combination in a talking machine of a rotary sound record support, a motor for driving said support, and a brake auto- -matically released by the starting of said 37. The combination in a talkingmachine I of a rotary sound record support, a motor for driving said support, and stop mechanism automatically rendered inoperative by the starting of said motor.

38. The combination in a talking machine of a rotary sound record support, a driving shaft for said support, a brake, and means whereby said brake is automatically released by the starting of said shaft.

39. The combination in a talking machine of a rotary sound record support, a driving shaft for said support, a brake, and means whereby said brake is automatically applied by the ceasing of the rotative torque acting on said shaft.

40. The combination in a talking machine of a rotary sound record support, a longitudinally movable driving shaft for said support, a brake element carried by said shaft, a second independently -mounted brake element adjacent thereto, and means naeacoa tudinally movable driving shaft for said support, a brake element carried by said shaft, a second independently-mounted brake element adjacent thereto, and means whereby the starting of said shaft efiects disengagement of said brake elements. A

42. The combination in a talking machine of a rotary .sound record support, a motor for driving said support comprising a longi tudinally-movable motor shaft, a brake ele ment on said shaft, a second independentlymounted brake element adjacent thereto, and means whereby said shaft is moved longitudinally to efiect engagement of said brake elements upon cessation of the rotative torque of said motor.

43. The combination in a talking machine of a rotary sound record support, amotor for driving said support comprising a longitudinally-movable motor'shaft, a brake element on said shaft, a second independentlymounted brake element adjacent thereto. and means whereby said shaft is moved longitudinally to effect disengagement of said brake elements upon the starting of said motor.

44:. The combination in a talking machine of a rotary sound record support, a motor for driving said support comprising a longitudinally-movable motor shaft, a brake element carried by said shaft, an independently-mounted brake element adjacent thereto, and worm gearing driven by said motor shaft and efi'ecting engagement of said brake elements upon cessation of the rotative torque of said motor.

45. The combination in a talking machine of a rotary sound record support, a motor for driving said support comprising a longitudinally-movable motor shaft, a brake element carried by said shaft, an independently-mounted brake element adjacent thereto, and-Worm gearing driven by said motor shaft and efiecting disengagement of said brake elements upon thestarting of said motor.

46. The combination in a talking machine of a rotary sound record support, a longitudinally-movable driving shaft for said support, a brake element carried b said shaft, an independently-mounted bra e element. adjacent thereto, and gearing driven by said shaft and coacting to disengage said brake elements upon the starting of said shaft.

47. The combination in a talking machine a rotary sound record support, a longitudinally-movable driving shaft for said support, a brake element carried by said shaft, an independently-mounted brake element adjacent thereto, and gearing driven by said shaft and coacting to engage said brake elements upon cessation of the rotative torque acting on said shaft.

4:8. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a motor for driving said support, two longitudinally separable friction elements, one mounted on the motor shaft and the other held against movement, and means for automatically moving the motor shaft in one direction when the motor is deenergized to cause said friction elements to engage and for moving said shaft in the opposite direction to bring said elements out of engagement when the motor is energized.

.49. The combination in a talking machine of a rotatable sound record support, a motor for driving said support, two longitudinallyseparable friction elements, one mounted on the motor shaft and the other held against movement, and worm gearing driven by said motor and coacting when power is transmitted from said motor to said support to move the motor shaft longitudinally and separate said friction elements.

50. The combination in a talking machine of a rotary sound record support, a motor for driving said support, longitudinallyseparable brake elements one of which is rotated by said motor, and means to efiect entill) gagement of said brake elements automatically rendered operative upon cessation of the rotative torque of said motor.

51. The combination in a talking machine of a for driving said support, longitudinallyseparable brake elements one of which is rotated by said motor, and means to effect disengagement of said brake elements auto matically rendered operative upon the starting of said motor.

52. The combination in a talking machine of a main frame, a sound-box and a rotatable sound record support mounted on said main frame, a motor for driving said support, and a block of vibration insulating material interposed between said motor and said main frame and connected to each of them independently of the other.

rotary sound record support, a motor specification.

CLINTON E. woons.

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