US1291688A

US1291688A - Firearm.

Info

Publication number: US1291688A
Application number: US11766016A
Authority: US
Inventors: Waldo E Rosebush
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1916-08-30
Filing date: 1916-08-30
Publication date: 1919-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 1936-01-14

Description

W. E. ROSEBUSH- FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED. AUG. 30. 1916.

Patented Jan. 14, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- -1 W 3, F W

NYE/(TOR 7 i a ATTORNEYS shell exit openings, one located in frontof STATES PATEn OFFICE.

wmo E. nossnirsm'or AiPLETON, wrsconsm.

rmnam.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that,I,-WALDO 'E. ROSEBUSH,

a citizen of'the United States, and a resident of Appleton, in the, county of Outagamie and State of Wisconsin, have invented a new and Improved Firearm, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to recoil operated breech loading automatic hand firearms, and

its object is to provide 'a new and improved firearm arranged to permit intermittent or automatic firing. Another object. is to allow ready assembling of the parts and locking the same in place without the use of bolts, screws or similar fastening devices. A further object is to permitthe use of long and short cartridges and the use of interchangeable barrels for firing cartridges of different caliber and atthe same-time provide com ensating means to' counteract the recoil w en using cartridges of different length and power.

In order to accomplish the desired result, use is made of a recoil operated breech block, a compensating sleeve provided with the other and of diflerent length for the discharge of empty shells of different length, and means which in one position lock the said compensating sleeve against movement, and in another position allow the compensat ing sleeve to move with the breech block. Use is also-made of a .barrel. receiver arranged to hold barrels of differently sized bores, and a frame on. which the barrel receiver s removably held and which has end of the magazlne, the section belng on the line 20-20 of Fig-19;.

means engaging the barrel to lock the same in position on the receiver. Use is also made of means for quickly converting the hand firearm from an intermittent firing arrangement to an automatic one or vice versa.

.A- practical embodiment of the invention is represen'ted in the-"accompanying drawings forming a part of-this specification, in

which similar characters of reference in- -dicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is aside elevation of the hand firearm with the parts in position for firing long cartridges; v

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the-same;

Fig; 3 is a longitudinal central section ofa portion of the firearm and with one side. plate removed to show the trigger mechanismand adjacent parts in elevation;

Fig. 4 is a similar view of: the same with Specification oi Letters Patent.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the mem-.

ber for setting the hand firearm for intermlttent or automatic firin Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the lockin% device for the magazine; ing recoil position after the last cartridgehas been fired; Y V

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the main frame;

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the breech block;

Fig. .14 is a perspective view of the ex: tractor;

ig. 11 is-a erspective vlew of the lock lever for ocking the breech block in Patented Jan. 14,1919.

Application filed August 30, 1916. Serial No.-117,680. I I

Fig. 15 1s a perspective view of the firing block ca and rear sight; Fig. I? is a front end holder;

iew of the barrel Fig. 16 is a perspective'viewof the breech Fig. 18 is aperspective view-.ofthe mag'a- I zine with parts broken out;

19 is a plan view of "the same; Flg. 20 1s a transverse section of the upper Fig. '21 is'a sectional plan viewtithe same with the magazine locked in'locking posltion Figs. 22 and. 23 are dia rammatic-yiews showing cartridges of di erent caliber in the magazine;

.ing :member for 7 locking the sleeve to the breech block or to the barrel receiver;

more particularly the seat-for the reception of the pin of the sleeve locking plate;

' Fig, 28. is a sectlonal plan view of the the sleeve lockin same on the line 28-28 of Fig. 27 and with plate in locking position; -Fi 29 is a si e elevation of a portion of the rearm with the parts in position for automatic firing;

Fig. is an inverted sectional plan vlew of the lower end of the magazine, the section being on the line 3030 of Fig. 18; and Fig. 31 is a cross section of the bottom slide of the magazine. The main frame 10 of the firearm is provided with a suitablehandle 11 and a trigger ard 12. The forward end of the main rame 10 is provided with integral halfround pivots 13 adapted to be engaged by correspondingly shaped notches 14 formed in the sides 15 of a barrel receiver 16 to permit of swinging said barrel receiver 16 into and out of position on the main frame 10 when assembling or disassembling the firearm. The sides 15 fit snuglyover the sides of the main frame 10 so as to hold the parts mounted on the said frame against accidental displacement. The barrel receiver 16 is provided with a central bore 17 into which fits the rear reduced end 18 of the barrel 19 provided with a shoulder 20 abutting against the forward end of the barrel receiver 16, as plainly indicated in the drawings. The bottom of the reduced portion of the barrel 19 is provided with a recess 21 engaged by a lug 22 forming an inte ral part of the main frame 10 and extending through an opening 23 formed in the bottom of the barrel receiver 16 to lock the barrel 19 in position in the receiver and to lock the barrel receiver against longitudinal movement on the main frame 10. The rear end of the reduced end 18 of the barrel 19 is flush with the rear end of the barrel receiver 16 and is provided at the bottom with a beveled form of two side bars 31, 32 (see Fig. 13)

connected with each other at their forward end by a crossbar 33. The lug 26 of the main frame 10, previously mentioned, fits between the sidebars 31, 32 to guide the breech block 30 in its forward and backward sliding movement. The under side of the'breech block 30 is provided with depending

side flanges

34, 35 mounted to slide on guideways 36 formed on a lug'37 integral with the main frame 10 at the rear end thereof. The breech block 30 is held normally in a forward position by the action of a spring 40 pressin with its forward end onthe crossbar 33 o the breech block 30 and engaging with its rear end a recess 41 formed in the lug 26 of the main frame 10. In thecrossbar 33 of the breech block 30 is secured a forwardly extending rod 42 slidably engaging an open bearing 43 formed in the front end of the main frame 10. The outer end of the rod 42 is provided with a suitable head 44 adapted to be taken hold of by the operator whenever it is desired to push the breech block rearwardly by hand for loading the firearm by hand and for other purposes, as hereinafter more fully "explained. The rod 42 extends with its rear end into the forward end of the spring 40 to hold the latter against accidental displacement.

The forward movement of the breech block 30 is limited by the forward end of the breech block 30 seating itself against the breech at the rear ends of the barrel 19 and the receiver to form a gas-tight joint. The cross-bar 33 at this time abuts against the back of the forward end 45 of the main frame 10. The breech block 30 is provided with a longitudinal bore 46 in which is mounted to slide a firing pin 50 having its reduced forward striking end 51 extending through the forward end of the'breech block 30 to fire the cartridge held in the bore 28 of the barrel 19. The firing pin 50 is provided near its rear end with a collar 52 against which presses the rear end of a firing pin spring 53 held in the bore 46 and abutting with its forward end against the forward end of the bore 46. Thus the firing pin 50 is normally held in rearmost position. The rear end 54 of the firing pin 50 extends through a cap 60 locked on the rear end of the breech block 30 by the said rear end of the firing pin 50. The cap 60 is in the form of a saddle (see Figs. 5, 6 and 16) provided at its sides with vertical guideways 61 engaging corresponding grooves 62 formed exteriorly on the side of the breech block 30, as plainly shown in Fig. 13. In order to place the cap 60 downward in position on the breech block 30 the firing pin 50 is pushed forward by a suitable tool to allow-the cap 60 to drop down in place, after which the firing pin 50 is released to allow it rear end 54 to pass through an opening 63 in the rear end of the cap, as plainly indicated in Fig. 3. Thus when the rear end 54 engages the opening 63 the cap 60 is held against upward movement on the breech block 30 and the cap 60 is held against longitudinal movement by its guideways 61 engaging the grooves in the breech block 30.

The rear projecting end of the firing pin 50 is adapted to be engaged by a hammer 7O fulcrumed on a pin 71 attached to the main frame 10.

On the heel 72 of the hammer 7 0 is pivotllamas? ed a link 73 extendin downwardly into a bore 74 ormed in the ',ack'of the handle 11, as plainly shown in Fig. 3. The-lower end of the link 73 engage the concave upper face 75. of aplunger 76 mounted to slide.

in the bore 74. Aspring 77 is held in the bore .74 and presses agalnst the under side end of the link 73 bears against the heel of the hammer almost in alinement with the pivot ,71 at the time the hammer 7( is in rearmost position. By this construction the pressure of the front upper portion or nose of the hammer 70 against the under side of the breech block 30 is as light as possible at the time the hammer 70 and breech block 30. are in rearmost position (see Fig. t) and the breech block 30 is free to close the breech tightly when reaching a forward position nd completely clearing the hammer 7 0 thus insuring perfect-locking of the firearm and allowing the hammer 70 to strike the rear end-of the'firing pin with full force and thereby prevent misfiring. p

The heel 7 2 of the hammer is provided with a shoulder 7 8 adapted, to be'enga'ged by the tooth 81 of a-sear mounted to rock and to slide lengthwise in the frame 10, The sea-r 80 in construction and action is practicallythe same as the 'one shown. and

' described in, the application for Letters Pate out for a firearm, Serial No. 35,803, filed by me on June 23, 1915. The forward end of the sear 80 is pressed on-by a spring 82 to normally hold the sear 80 in rearmost position to engage the hammer 70 and to hold ,the same in cocked po'sition. Thespring 82 is mounted ona pin 83 provided witha head 84 having a transverse knife edge 85 bearing-on the front wall of a slot 86 formed in the mainframe 10. .The knife edge 85 allowsa free up and down rockin movement of the sear 80. The rear-end o the sear 80 is provided with a rounded off pivot 87 extending loosely into a transverse bearlng 88formed in'the main frame 10 to allow the sear to rock up and down and also to allow forward and rearward movement of the said sear. The sear 80 is provided near its forward end with a square shoulder 89 adapted, to be engaged by a projection 91 formed on the trigger provided with a pivot 92 (see Fig.v 8) gournaled in the right-handside of the main rame 10. The trigger 90 isprovided with a fingerpi'e'ce 93 extending into alinement with the lug the trigger guard 12. to be in convenient position for the .operators finger for pressing v the trigger whenever 1t is desired to move the sear-..80 forward against the tension of the spring 82 to release the'hammer 70 for firingpurposes.

In order to impart a rocking motion to the sear- 80 the following arrangement is made: On the top of the sear 80 i'n -the front of the shoulder 89 is arranged a controlling piece (see Fig. 7 )of U-shape and'havlng its arms 101 mounted to slide in'recesses 102 formed in the sides of the'main frame 10 (see Fig. 12). The upper rounded off ends of the said arms 101 are adapted to on age notches 103. formed in the under side 0 the sldebars 31, 32. of the breech block 30 (see Figs. 3 and' 13). When the breech block. 30 moves rearward then the notches 103 pass out of engagement with the arms and the bottoms of the sidebars 31 and 32 nowpress the piece 100 downward and with it the sear 8O rocking on the bearing 88.

Itis understood that the breech block 30' moves rearwardly on the recoil action of the fired gun and in doing so the cap 60 of the breech block 30 imparts a rearward swinging movement to the hammer 70 whereby the hammer is cocked and held inthis position by the sear 80, while the breech block immediately returns to its forward position by the actlon of its spring 40. 'When the operator presses the fingerpiece 93 then the sear 80-releases the hammer which swings forward by the action of its spring 77 to cause the firing pin 50 to fire the cartridge in the barrel .19. The sear 80 is forced downward by thespring 82 as soon as the pressure on the rear end of the sear 80 is relieved 'by the release of the hammer 70.

When it is desired to automatically fire the gun use is made of a disk-shaped catch llOspecially designed to keep the sear 80 in raised position (see Fig. 29), that is, in 91 of the trigger 90 so that when the latter is pressed the lug 91 bears constantly on the square shoulder 89 of the sear 80. When the catch'110 is not in active position (see Figs. 3 and 4) then the square shoulder 89 is below the lugor pro jection 91. The catch is provided with a transversely extending pivot 111 (see Fig. 9) fittinginto' a bearing 112 formed on the trigger 90 in axial alinement with its pivot 92. The catch-110 is provided with a forwardly extending lug.113 having a beveled face 114 adapted to engage abevele'd face 115. formed on one side of the sear 80 adiacent to the square shoulder 89 (see Fig. 7).

The end of the lug 113 is provided with a short. projection 116 adapted to engage the lab under side of the sear 80 under the beveled 'i face 115. It willbe noticed that when the catch 110is in the position shown in Fig.29

with the fingerpiece 93- of the trigger 9 0 pressed then the sear 80 is held locked in forward position with the tooth 8i out of the path of the hammer shoulder 78 to prevent the hammer from being cooked on swinging rearwardly by the rearwardly moving breech block 30. Thus the hammer immediately returns to forward position and strikes the firing pin 50 to fire' a shot.

This operation .is repeated as long as the fingerpiece 93 is held pressed 'by the operator as the sear 80 cannot engage and hold the hammer 70 in cocked position as long as 'the sear is in this forward position, but as soon as the fingerpiece 93 is released the sear can return to normal position to hold the hammer 70 in cocked position when swung rearwardly by the next action of the breech block 30. When the firearm is not used for automatic firing the catch 110 is held in the position shown in Fig. 3, that is, with the lug 113 out of engagement with the sear 80. The bottom of the catch 110 is provided with a fingerpiece 117 extending into the trigger guard 12 to permit the operator to turn the catch 110 into inactive or active position, as the case may be. The catch 110 is pressed on by a spring 118 interposed between the catch 110 and a locking and releasing bolt 120 for the magazine 121. When the catch 110 ,is turned into active position then the beveled face 114 of the catch 110 bears against the face 115 of the sear 80 and owing to the action of the spring 118 the sear is pushed upward at the time the hammer 70 is out of engagement with the sear 80, the spring 118 overcoming the tendency of the spring 82 to force the sear 8O downward. It is understood that when the hammer 70 engages the sear 80 the forward end thereof remains upward as the spring 77 is more powerful than the spring 82. The face 114: of the catch 110 prevents the forward end of the sear 80 from being forced down and hence as long as the catch 110 is in active position the square shoulder 89 of the sear 80 remains engaged with the lug 91 of the trigger 90. The result is that whenever the catch 110 is turned into active position the lug 91 of the trigger 90 bears against the shoulder 89 of the sear 8O notwithstanding the fact that there may be no force on the tooth 81 of the sear 80 to cause the forward end to remain raised such as happens when the hammer is down. Thus when the catch 110 is in active position the hammer 70 is free to function as long as the trigger 90 is kept pressed and hence the firearm is automatic in its action. The magazine 121 is slidable in the handle 11 and is adapted to hold cartridges 122 of small caliber in staggered relation. as indicated in Fig. 22, or

the magazine is adapted to hold cartridges 123 of larger caliber, one directly above the other, as indicated in Fig. 23. The carfridges 122 and'123-are forced upward in the magazine 12]. by a follower 124 pressed on by a spring 125 resting with its lower end on a removable bottom slide 126 mounted to slide on the lower end of the magazine 121. The slide 126 is provided with a fingerpiece 127 and is flush with the bottom of the handle 11. The magazine 121 is provided at its sides near the back with inwardly projecting guide ribs 128 (see Fig. 21) for engagement with the forward faces of the rims of the cartridges to prevent short cartridges from sliding forward in the magazine and to properly guide the cartridges in their upward movement. The ribs 128 also serve to hold the cartridges in staggered relation to each other, as shown in Fig. 22. Similarly inwardly extending guide ribs 129 are formed on the sides 0 the magazine in front of the ribs 128 and parallel therewith to keep the noses of the cartridges in a vertical line and to guide the forward ends of the cartridges in their upward movement. It will be noticed that by the use of the

ribs

128 and 129 the cartridges are kept parallel and are moved upward by the follower 124: approximately parallel with the line of movement of the breech block 30. The upper ends of the rear portions of the sides are bent inwardly to form retaining lips 130 to guide the uppermost cartridge when pushed forwardly by the returning breech block 30, as hereinafter more fully explained. The upper forward portions of the sides of the magazine 121 are provided with resilient centering lips 131 extending inwardly, as plainly shown in Fig. 19, to hold the uppermost cartridge properly centered relatively to the bore 28 of the barrel 19 atthe time of pushing this uppermost cartridge into the said barrel bore. The lips 131 are held on the upper ends of spring tongues 132, struck up from the sidesof the magazine 121, and the lips 131 are of suficient length to hold both long and short cartridges. The front of the magazine 121 is provided with an opening 133 adapted to be engaged by the rear end 134 of the locking and releasing bolt 120, previously mentioned, and mounted to slide forward and backward in a suitable guideway 135 formed in the left-hand side of the main frame 10. The bolt 120 is provided with a suitable fingerpiece 136 extending through I a bayonet slot 136 formed 'in the lefthand side 15 of the barrel receiver 16 to be within convenient reach of the operator to enable the latter to unlock the magazine for removal from the handle 11 for refilling or other purposes. It is understood that the spring 118 pushes the bolt 120 rearwardly to hold the lug 134 normally in engagement with the opening 133 thus locking the magazine. 121 in posihave retinastien in the handie fl Wheii ift desired to 'remo'v'e the ina eeine '121 the/operator pushesthe finger 'ece1136 :eer'w'eta to-"diseiigaee the lugf 1 4' item the penihg?183 thus unlocking the magazine 121 and allowing the same to be -removed downwarddirection froni'the handle 11. When using large ea-liber rimless ear trid es 123the magazine 121-ismade with straight "sides, thatfis,.-the ribs 128 and 129 V are omitted to eeeeinniea te large caliber cartrid g'esfwithout rir'ns'in'a magazinefittinlg' into the handle 11. e

10w 0 readilyfill ing the me I 'trid es by wa'y'of the top ;o' the magazine;

'en'tieingj cartridges of. difierent calie'folIowerj1 4 is provided a both sides with raised fingerpieces' 138, extending inte sldts'139',fof1ned in the sides-e1: the megazinei121. By the fifirfl111116nt described the user can readily take hc 138 with the-thumb and 'ferefingerefiene hand ena piish. the fiiollower 124 ddvt'niiva'rd again the tension '01 the spring 125 to al- "azine' "with car-.

here, barrels 19 with corresponding bores interchahged iii-the barrel'i'eceiver, is eviident that the firearm can be used for firing larger and smaller ealiber'cartridg'es. In case larger, caliber cartridges 'ofthe rim-less variety are used a correspondingly heavier compensating sleeve 140 is employed and the' firing pin 50 is arranged for center firing. It is else permissible to use longer and shorter cartridges,-:and for this purpose the against movement and to allow the breech.

block 30 to slide forward and backward with-' in the said sleeve 140. The sleeve 140 forms, with the rear end of the barrel receiver 16, the barrel, the top of the main frame and the breech blockv 30, the breech block chamber 142 into which projects the upper end of the magazine 121, as plainly indicated in v Figs. 3 and 4. The right-hand side of the sleeve 140 is provided with two elongated exit opening 143 and 144 (see Fig.2) ar-.

ranged one in front of the other and of which the front exit opening 143 is for the discharge of long empty shells While the exit for the dischargeof short opening.144"1s I v It is understood that when empty shells. the sleeve 141 to the sides of the barrel receiver 16 then'the front opening'143 is closed byith'e 4 receiver 16, and the rear opening144 is une covered by the breech block when the latter moves into rearmost position and-come 143 is move (1 0i the fiiige ieces to be used, and as suehbarrels can be 140 'is'lockedby the locking plate j rough the said exit '0 ening144.'" *Wf en the'sleev'e 140'is locked V mite the eaI BO th breech block 30- then it'mev e wit the breech block res-me al" ent-1y sn rt empty shells he. than 3 ea the leekin piate' and in doinfifso "the forward exit 161 11111 with the chamber 142 (see Fig.- 4) w allew' long empty. shells, .te'= --be" di harged threii thesaideiit dpening i la The locking late 141 isprovided at its lengthwise e'loiigated-head 146 "adapted to pass through a correspondinglyshaped di-j iegenel opening 147 formed inf the'ile,ft:-hand sldeof the sleeve item-enga e the head rearward'ly eadset-the teat cf'i ohtend a pivot 145 'piovided'with-a so 146 with a seat 148 forme'dinthe inner'face of the ;said left-hand side et the sle ve 140 (see-Figs 2e and 27 After the need 146 has ass'e'd throughjhe opening'147 inupi war 1y and rearwa dly inclined 'po'sition relatively to the sleeve 140; '(see dotted lines in Fig. 1 the plate can be swung down ward' into the position shown in full lines in'Figi 1. The rear end oT'the plate 141 is provided with a locking pin 150 adapted to engage either of twoopenings151'and 1 52,

of which the opening 151 is formed in the left-hand side 61- of thecap 60.. (see Fig.16), and the. opening 152 is formed .in the left side 15 of the barrel receive'rflfi. It-is understood that the plate 141 after being e'naQed its head 146 Withthe seat 148 can e s rung outward andthen swung down:

ward to en age the .pin 150 .with either of a I the said

opening

151 or 152, the plate being held-flatagainst the outer face ofl-the sleeve 140 and the left side 15with thepiil' 150 extending in either

o ening

151 or 152;

'It will-be 'ndticed that the locking plate 141' holds the several parts in assembled position and no further screws, bolts, or simllar fastening device are needed for fastening the several parts of the firearm in position. on the main frame 10.- When it is'desired to disassemble'the firearm, it is necessary for the operator'to disengage thepin 150 from either opening 151 or 152, then swing the plate 141 upward in'te the positionshown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 to allow of disengaging the head 146 from the seat'148 for the removal of the plate.

benreadily taken apart, one by one; I, In order to guide .th sleeve-1 140 on th barrel receiver 16 and the breech blockj30 us is made of longitudinally extendingf'ribs 153 formed on the inner faces of the sides 1'25 grooves 154 formed in the si esofthe bars, 1 rel receiver 16- .and' similar grooves 155 of the s1eevef14s0 and engagin' longitudinal feigned the sid s ,of the breech block 30 an extending ,frorn end t'o ;end thereof-to" allow of sliding the sleeve 140 011 the treech When, this has been done the remainin partsof the firearm. can;

yea I block 30 when disassembling the artsand after the cap has been removed... he sides of the sleeve 140 are flush with the sides of the cap 60 and the rear end of the sleeve 140 abuts against the front face of the cap 60 at the time the sleeve is locked to the cap by the locking plate 141, as. previously explained. The sleeve 140 when coupled to the breech block 30 acts as a compensating device for the same at the-time when cartridgesof different length, higher power or caliber are used. It is understood that by the use of this compensatin sleeve 140 weight is added to the breech hlock 30 thus increasing the inertia thereof when cartridges of greater power are used to compensate for the more forceful recoil action of the breech block 30.

The shell extractor 160 is removably held and adapted to turn in a bore 161 formed in the right-hand side of the breech block 30, as shown in Fig. 13. The extractor 160 consists of a shank 162 terminating in flattened spring portions 163 and 164 standing at a ri ht angle one to the other, and of, which t e forward end of the spring portion 164 terminates in a hook 165 adapted to engage the rim of the exploded shell to withdraw the same fromthe bore 28 of the barrel whenever the breech block 30 moves rearwardly. The hook 165 is adapted to engage a short incline 166 on the right-hand side of the rear end of the barrel 19 to readily engage the front face of the rim of the shell, at the time the breech block 30 moves into forward position. The hook 165 is somewhat broader than the forward end of the flattened spring portion 164 so that the projecting lower end of the hook 165 is adapted to abut against the front face of the breech block 30 to prevent rearward movement of the extractor 160 in the bore 161. The rear end of the shank 162 is provided with an angular arm 167 adapted to engage the rear end of the firing pin 50 to-hold the latter in forward position in the breech block 30 whenever it is desired to remove the cap 60. The extractor 160 is adapted to be turned by the cap 60 and for this purpose the rear end of the extractor is provided with an upwardly extending lug 168 and a cam face 169 at the base of the lug (see Figs. 5, 6 and 14). The lug 168 is adapted to be seated in a recess170 formed in the rearend of the breech block 30 and when the lug is in this position the arm 167 extends over the rear end of the firing pin 50, as plainly shown in Fig. 6. When the cap 60 is placed in position on the breech block 30 it is held in a slightly inclined position (see dotted lines in Fig. 6) so that the lower edge of the right-hand side of the cap 60 engages .the cam surface 169 and imparts a slight turning motion to the extractor 160 so that the pm 168 extends in a vertical groove 171 tam-s a formed the inside of thefri ht-hand side v of the cap 60. The groove 1 1 terminates in an outwardly andupwardly extending opening 172 into which the lug 168 passes at the time the cap 60 moves into lowermost position whereby a further turning motion is given to the extractor 160 to move the arm 167 out of engagement with the rear end of the firing pin 50 to permit the'spring 53 thereof to push the firing pin rearwardly so that the rear terminal 54 asses through the opening 63 in the cap 60 or engagement by the hammer 70, as previously mentioned. It will be noticed that when the 'lug 168 fully engages the opening 172 then the extractor 160 has been turned so that its hook 165 stands in a vertical position and is held in this vertical position by the lug 168 enga g the opening 172.

5i? the forward end of the lug 37 of the main frame 10 is formed an integral ejector 180 (see Fig. 12) located to one side of the longitudinal axis of the barrel to engage the left-hand side of the empty shell rim at the time the latter is drawn rearwardly by the hook 165 of the extractor 160. By this arrangement a sidewise swinging-movement is given to the empty shell to eject the same through the

exit opening

143 or 144, as the case may be. A groove 181 is formed in the under side of. the breech block 30 for the passage ofthe ejector *180, as indicated in Figs. 5 and 6.

In order to indicate to the user that the last cartridge has been fired, the following arrangement is made: A lever 190 (see Figs. 3, 4, and 11) is fulcrumed at 191 on the left-hand side of the main frame 10,

and this lever has its forward end in the tending into a recess 194 formed in the front end of the magazine 121 at the upper end thereof, as plainly shown in Figs. 3 and. 18. The lug 193 projects into the path of the follower 124 and the rear end of the lever 190 is provided with an upwardly extendinglocking lug 195 adapted to engage a notch 196 formed in the bottom of the side bar 31 of the breech block 30 to lock the latter in rearmost recoil position after the last cartridge has been fired. The lever 190 is normally held in inactive position by the use of a spring 197 interposed between the lever 190 and a lug 198 formed on the trigger 90 (see Figs. 3, 4 and 8.) The spring 197- assists-the spring 118 in holding the trigger 90' normally in forward position, and in case one of the said springs should break the other causes the trigger to function properly. It is understood that as long as the follower 124 is in lowermost position and gradually feeds up the car- 7 tridges,the lever 190 does not act on the breech block butwhen .the follower 124 moves into uppermost position it engages the lug 193 and imparts a-swinging motion 'to the lever 190 so that on the next rear-. ward movement'of the breech block after the last cartridge is fired thev locking lug 195 snaps into the notch 196 and thus locks the breech block in rearmost position.

The "user of the firearm is thus made aware that theilast cartridge has been fired'and the magazine is empty.- In order to con- ,tinue continuous firing-the empty magazine is replaced by a. filled one and then the fingerpiece 192 is pressed upward to impart a return swinging motion to the lever 190 with aview to disengage the lug 195 from the notch. 196, thus permitting the breech .block 30 to move forward.

The barrel 19.is providedat the top near the front-end with a front sight 200 and 'arear sight 201 is arranged on the top of the cap --60, and this rear sight 201 is provided with a longitudinally extending aperture .202 in alinement with the sight 200. Directly above this aperture'202 is formed a longitudinally extending notch 203 having its bottom in close proximity to the top of theaperture 202 to eliminate the usual blurring caused by ,open sights. By the arran e merit described'very fine and accurate sig tinfl'ishath i, 1

In order to form a bearing for the slide 126 on the lower end of the magazine 121,

use is made of ledges 210 on the sides of the slide and engaging guideways- 211 formed by cutting slots in the

ribs

128 and 129 in theside's of. themagazine. lhe lower forward portion of the magazine is .pro vided with struck-up spring locking lips 215 extending toward each other and en- 1 gaging the raised portion of the slide 126 to normally hold the slide locked in closed position. The locking lips 2151 readily yield "on the operator exerting an outward pull on the fingerpiece 127 ofUthe slide. 126 to allow of removing the same from the lower end of the magazine.

The operation is as follows: I When'the several parts are in the posi-' 'tion shown infFigs. 1, 2 and 3, with the magazine 121 filled with cartridges and one being-in the breech of the barrel, then the operator first -moves the hammer 70 into cocked position and then presses the trigger 90m move the sear 8O forward and thereby releasethe hammer 7 0 which, by the spring 'mechan1Sm.-is caused to swing forward and strike the firing pin to fire chemirtridge. When this takes place the breech block 30 recoilsand in doing so s'wingsthe hammer back into cocked position. The empty shell moves rearward out of the barrel by i es-a Qt 'seaflaa d ll a 1 v extractor 160, and the left-hand side of tlie cartridge rim finally abuts against the ejector 180" so that the empty shell is ;de-

flee-ted to the right owing to the actidn of the extractor 'and'pas'ses through, the corresponding exit opening 143 or 144 to the outside. The uppermost cartridge in the magazine 121 is, engaged by the lug 38 at v the front end of the breech b lock'30 whereby the I uppermost cartridge is pushed forwardl ,and into the bore 28 of the barrel 19,- it ing understood that the breech block is returned-to its. normal foremost position by the action of its spring 40. On pressing the trigger 90a second time the cooked hammer TO-is-releasedand a second shot isfired, and y then the above described operation is re-.-

peated except. that it, is not necessary for the operator to cock the. hammer as this. is

doneby the breech block 3O.v When the lastcartridge in the mazagine'121 has beenfired then the follower 124 presses on thelug 193 of the lever 190 so that the breech block 30. is locked in rearmost position by the lug 1950f the lever 190 and when it is desired to return the breech block to. forward position the operator presses the fingerpiece 192 in an upward direction to disengage the locking lug 195 .from-the-notch 196 release the breech block 30. 4 When it is desired to fire automatically, it is necessary to change the position of the and thus catch 110, as previously explained, so that.

the sear '80 is held in forward position thus preventing the tooth 81 from engaging theshoulder 78-of the hammer 70, and conseioo' quently the hammer swings forward .and I rearwardly to uncover the

correspondingexit opening

148 or 144 to allow of passing along or a short cartridge through'this opening into thebreech block chamber 142 so that on the release of the push rod 42 the .breech block 30 returns and pushes thecartri'dge into position in rel 19. V

' In order to securely lock the barrel reoeiver 16 in position'on' the-frame '10 and to the breech of the bar'- prevent movement in a lengthwise direction, the rearv edges 220 of the side plates 15 are.

beveled in a rearward and upward direction (see Figs. 1 and '24) and ,thesaid edges 220 are seated on correspondinglyshaped shoulders 221 formed on the: frame 10.

The lug awn the .iframe 1Q vis provided on top with a rabbet 222 into which fits a depending shoulder 223 formed on the under side of the barrel receiver 16 so that in case it is desired to take the firearm apart, the operator firstremoves the magazine 121 and the locking plate 141 and then engages the pin 150 with the rear end 54 of the firing pin 50 and presses the latter forward so that the rear end 54 moves out of the aperture 63 and then the pin 150 moves into the said aperture 63. The operator now exerts an upward pull on the plate 141 and therebyv lifts the cap 60 out of position on the rear end of the breech block 30. In lifting the cap 60, lug 168 of the extractor 160 moves out of the angular aperture 172 whereby the extractor 160 is turned and the arm 167 engages the rear end of the firing pin 50 and holds the same locked in forward position against the tension of the spring 53 to permit of conveniently replacin the cap 60 on reassembling the parts. can now be moved rearwardly and out of engagement with the barrel receiver 16 and the breech block 30. The barrel receiver 16 is next unlocked by pushing the fingerpiece 136 to the left and the barrel receiver can now be swung upward on the pivots 13 to release the barrel receiver from the lug 22 and to disengage the left side 15 from the fingerpiece 136 of the magazine lock 120 after which a slight rearward pull on the barrel receiver 16 disengages the same fromthe pivots 13 and it can then be lifted off the frame 10. The barrel 19 now becomes unlocked and can be removed from the barrel receiver 16 and the breech block 30 can be lifted off the frame 10. Ready access is now had to the trigger mechanism, the sear, the catch 110 and the various other parts for removal or inspection of the same, if desired. The parts can be readily assembled in'reverse order, it being understood that in replacing the cap 60 a turning motion is given to the extractor 160 so that its arm 167 unlocks the firing pin 50 and the latter now moves into rearmost position by the action of its spring 53 and in doing so the end 54 passes into the opening 63 and thereby locks the cap 60 in place.

When it is desired to remove the follower 124 and the spring 125 from the magazine 121, the operator pulls out the bottom slide 126 to permit of removing the spring and the follower by way of the lower end of the magazine.

In order to enable the user to readily change the position of the catch 110 for automatic firing, it is necessary for the user to first cook the hammer and slightly press the trigger finger 93 to push the sear 8O sufficiently far forward to allow of turning the catch 110 from the position shown in Figs. 3 and 4: to that shown in Fig. 29. In order to turn the catch 110, theoperator he .sleeve 141) takes hold of the fingerpiece 117 .with a finger nail or a tool and'presses the same downward and rearward to turn the catch. For changing the firearm from automatlc to intermittent firing the catch 110 isreturned to the original inactive position. 7

Having thus described-my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a hand firearm, the combination of a recoil operated breech block and a 'com-.

tion of the breech block.

3. In a hand firearm, the combination of a recoil operated breech block and a compensating member comprising a movable sleeve to increase the inertia of the breech block on an increase in the force of the recoil action of the breech block, and locking means for locking the said compensating member to the breech block or unlocking it therefrom and holding it against movement.

4. In a hand firearm, the combination of a recoil operated breech block, a compensating sleeve mounted to slide thereon, and means connecting the said sleeve with the said breech block to cause the sleeve to move with the breech block, the said means being adapted to be disengaged from the breech block and to be engaged with a fixed part of the firearm to lock the sleeve against front of the other to discharge empty shells of different lengths.

6. In a hand firearm, the combination of a recoil operated breech block, ejecting means for e ecting an empty shell, a member operating in conjunction with the said ejecting means and having shell exit openings one in front of the other for the discharge of shells of different lengths, and means which in one position hold the said member against movement and in another position cause the member to move with the breech block.

7 In a hand firearm, the combination of a recoil operated breech block, a shell discharge and compensating sleeve provided with shell exit openings one located in front of the other for the discharge of shells of different lengths, and locking means which movement and'iii another position lock the sleeve; tothe said' breech block to move with) the same.

8; In a hand firearm, the combination of a recoil operated breech block, a main frame, a barrel receiver mounted on the said frame,

ably engaged by thesaid breech block, the

said sleeve being provided in one side withexit openings'of difierent lengths and 10-;

cated' ne in f-rontjof the other, ejecting" means operating in' conjunction with the said sleeve and its openings to discharge a shell through-either.opening, and means which in one position; loclrv the said sleeve to the swingi 1 said barrel receiver and in another position lock the sleeve to the said breech block.

9. In; a hand firearm, the combination of a reco" operatedbreech block, a main frame,- a barn receiver mounted on the said frame, a barrelremovably attached to the said bar'- reii-receiver, a compensating sleeve mounted to slide on the saidibarrel receiver and slidably engaged'by the said breech block, the said sleeve-being provided inone side with exit openingsof difierentlengths and located. one in. front of the other, ejecting means opcrating: in *conjunction with the 'said sleeve andiits openings to'discharge a shell through.

eitherexit. opening, and a. locking'plat'e providedwith at its ends, the said-sleeve having a pin seat for the reception of one of-theplate' pins to allow of imparting a movement to the plate, and the said breech block and the said-barrel receiver havin 'holes adapted to be engaged'by the pin: 0 ,the plate to lock the sleeve to either the-breech' block or'to the barrel receiver.

' 10. In a hand firearm, the combination of a a recoil operatedbreech block, a main frame, a barrel receivermounted' onthe sald frame,

a barrel removablyattached to the said barrel receiver, a; compensating sleeve mounted to slideon the 1-said barrelireceiver and slid.-- ably engaged by the said breech block,-the said sleeve being provided one side-With exit openings of diiferent lengths and 1o= floated one in front ofthe other, ejecting means operating. in conjunctmn-with the said sleeve and its openings to discharge a shell through either exit opening, and a locking plate providedat one end with a pivot pin airingl an elongated headand provided at the ot er end witha locking pm, the said sleeve having a pivot pin seat adapted to be engaged by the said" pivot pin to allow of tov imparting a-swinging movement to the plate, I thesaidbreechblock andthezs'aid barrel re+ ceiVenha-ving openings adapted tobe en'- gaged by the locking pin of the plate to lock 1 theisleeve to the'breechbl'ock 0.1 tothe barrel q ive i 531* ahead fi armath icpie n ef ing lug of the bearing, the rear end of the on the barrel to lockthe latterin place in the; bore of barrel receiver. 1

12. 111 a hand firearm, the combination of frame provided at the topwithalocking lug, the front end of the frame being provided with a transverse pivot, and a barrel .a'barrel having a reduced rear portion provided at the bottom with a recess,-'a main receiver having a bore for the reception of I the said reduced end of the barrel, the-bottom-of the bore'having, an opening for" the passage" of the said lockin lug to engage.

the said barrel recess, the said barrel receiver having depending. side plates fittingthesides of the frame, side plates having bearings engaged bythe the front edges of the said said pivot.

Q13. In a hand firearm, the combination of a barrel having ,a reduced rear portion provided at the bottom ,with a recess, the rear end of the barrel being provided at the bottom with a retaining lug, a main frame provided at the top with a lockinglug, the

.front end of the frame bein provided with a transverse pivot, the said ame being pro- ,vided in the rear of the said' locking lug with a-bearing engaged by the said retainbarrel, to hold the latter -against turning-,.and a barrel receiver having a bore for the reception of the said reduced end of the barre1,the' bottom of the bore havin an opening for the passage of the said 100 'ng lug to'e'ngage the said barrel recess, pending side plates fitting the sides of the frame, the front edges of the said side plates having bearings engaged by the said .pivot.

14. In a hand firearm, the combination of a main frame, a barrel receiver. mounted to swing on thcisaid mainframe, a barrel rethe said barrel receiver having de-- means for locking the saidbarrel and the receiver to the said frame, and interlocking retaining means on the rear end of'the barrel and on the frame forholding the said barrel against turning. a I

15. In a hand' firearm the" combination of a main frame retaining member, the top of which is provided with a bearing, and a barrel provided at the bottom of its rear end with a rearhaving a beveled guide and wardly extending lug fitting into the said-- beveled and flush with the beveled faceof the saidguide and retaining member to ide'acartridge into the bore of the barrel. 16. In a' hand: firearm, the combination of said lug being a breech block, a cap'removably held on the 1 rear endofthesaid breech block, a springpressed firing,:pimslidable -inthe'said breech 17. In a hand firearm, the combination of.

a breech block, a cap removably held on the rear end of the sald breech block, a springpressed firing pin slidable 1n the said breech block, and an extractor mounted to turn in the said breech block and having a flange adapted to engage the said firing pin to hold the said firing pin against rearward movement, the said extractor having an angular lug adapted to be engaged by the said cap to turn the extractor into locking position relatively to the firing pin at the time the cap is removed.

18. In a hand firearm, the combination of a breech block, a spring-pressed firing pin slidable in the said breech block, and a cap removably held on the said breech block and engaged by the said firing pin to hold the cap against removal.

19. In a hand firearm, the combination of a breech block, a spring-pressed firing pin slidably mounted in the saidbreech block, a cap vertically removable on the rear end of the said breach block and through which projects the rear end of the firing pin to lock the cap to the breeclr block, the said firing pin being limited in its rearward movement by the said cap.

20. In a hand firearm, the combination of a breech block provided with a central bore and a second bore at one side, a springpressed firing pin slidably mounted in the said central breech block bore, and an extractor mounted to turn in the said second bore and provided at its forward end with a hook and at its rear end with a trans verse flange adapted to engage the said firing pin and hold the latter against rearward movement.

21. In a hand firearm, the combination of a breech block provided with a central bore and a second bore at one side, a springpressed firing pin slidably mounted 1n the said central breech block bore, an extractor mounted to turn in the said-second bore and providedat its forward end with a hook and at its rear end with a transverse flange adapted to engage the said firing pinto hold the latter against rearward movement, the said extractor being provided at its rear end with an upwardly extending lug, and a vertically removable cap held on the rear end of the said breech block and through which projects the rear end of the firing pin, the said cap having means engaging the said lug to turn the latter on placing-the cap in position to disengage the flange from the shoulder.

22. In a hand firearm, the combination of a recoil operated breech block, a hammer,

controlled by the breech block, a sear mounted to rock up and down and to slide forward and backward to engage and disengage the hammer, a trigger controlling the said'sear,

and a catch adapted to engage the said sear to hold the latter in position for automatic firing aS long as the trigger is held pressed.

23. In a hand firearm, the combination of a recoil operated breech block, a hammer controlled by the breech block, a springpressed sear adapted to engage the said hammer to hold the latter in cocked position, the said sear having an inclined shoulder, a trigger controlling the said sear, and a catch mounted to turn and having an incline engaging the said inclined shoulder on the sear to hold the latter upward and forward as long as the trigger is held pressed.

24. In a hand firearm, the combination of a sear mounted to rock up and down and to move forward and backward, the sear having-a square shoulder and an inclined shoulder, a trigger adapted to engage the said square shoulder to move the sear forward into hammer release position, and a catch mounted to turn loosely on the trigger and having an inclined shoulder engaglng the said inclined shoulder of the sear.-

25. In a hand firearm, the combination of a sear mounted to rock up and down and to move forward and backward, the sear having a square shoulder and an inclined shoulder, a trigger adapted to engage the said square shoulder to move the sear forward into hammer release position, and a catch mounted to turn loosely'on the trigger and having an inclined shoulder engaging the said inclined shoulder of the sear, the said' catch having a forwardly extending'lug engaging the under side of the sear at the inclined shoulder thereof.-

26. In a hand firearm, the combination of a sear mounted to rock 'up and down and to move forward and backward, the sear having a square shoulder and an inclined shoulder, a trigger adapted to engage the said square shoulder to move the sear forward into hammer release position, and a springpressed catch mounted to turn loosely on the trigger and having an inclined shoulder engaging the said inclined shoulder of the sear,

27. In a hand firearm, the combination of a recoil operated breech block, a magazine having a follower, and a normally inactive locking lever for the breech block, the looking lever having a fingerpiece at one end and being adapted to engage with its other end the said breech block to lock the latter in recoil position, the said other end of the locking lever having a transverse lug extending into the path of the said follower for the latter to move the locking lever in'to locking position relatively to the breech block after the last cartridge has been fired.

28. In a hand firearm, a frame having half round pivots at its front ,end, beveled and a barrel receiver mounted to swing on 10 shoulders near its rear end opposite the said the said pivots and having its rear edge bevpivots, and a barrel receiver detachably eled and seated on the said shoulders, the mounted to swing on the said pivots and front end of the frame having a rabbeted 1 5 having its rear edge beveled and seated on lug above the pivots and the barrel receiver the said shoulders. having a depending flange engaging the said 15 I 29. In a hand firearm, a frame having rabbet. pivots at its front end, beveled shoulders near its, rear end opposite the said pivots, WALDO E. ROSEBUSH. e