US1889099A - Firearm - Google Patents

Description

Nov. Z9, 1932. Q C, LQOMIS 1,889,099

FIREARM Filed Sept. 22, 1950 piggllwm Patented Nov. 29, 1932 CRAWFORD C. LOOMIS, OF ILION, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T REMINGTON ARMS COMPANY,

INC., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE 1 FIREARM Application filed September 22, 1930. Serial No. 483,585.

This invention relates to firearms, and contemplates a novel shell rim engaging extractor intended primarily for the purpose of withdrawing fired shells from the chamber.

5 For the purpose of illustration, the invention is shown as applied to a firearm of the type described in the patent to Browning, No. 1,083,384, January 6, 1914.' In guns of this type, a column of cartridges is stored in a magazine tube which lies chiefly in the stock of the gun, its forward end projecting into the receiver and above the breech block. The breech block is supported and reciprocates upon a trigger plate, with which it is assembled in a manner permitting its ready removal, and is retracted by the force of the recoil of the fired shell and, when sol retracted, permits the foremost cartridge to descend until its head is engaged by the upper portion of the front face of the breech block, whereby said cartridge is pushed into the chamber as the breech block goes forward to home position. After the firing of a cartridge the breech is retracted by the force of 25 the recoil and in this operation the fired shell is withdrawn from the chamber, owing to its engagement by an extractor device associated with the breech block. Since the breech is recoil operated the extractor must '30 have an ample surface in engagement with the rim and must firmly engage the rim in order to prevent the extractor from shearing through the rim or from moving to such a position as would disengage the cartridge before it is clear of the chamber. As the breech block reaches its rearmost position` the shell held by the extractor is ejected downwardly, and at this time it is desirable that the extractor yield not only longitudi- 40 nally but vertically in order to quickly free the shell and permit its prompt ejection by the ejector devices'.

It is an object of the present invention to provide anv improved form of extractor capable of both vertical and longitudinal movement. 1 It is a further object of the invention to retain suchvan extractor in its shell rim en* gaging position both verticallv'and horizon-V tally by means of a single spring.

breech block is assembled with the trigger plate.

. With these and other incidental objects in view, the invention consists in the novel devices and combinations rof parts illustrated in the drawing and to be hereinafter more fully described.

In thel drawing:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation, partly in section, of a breech mechanism including an extractor according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a section onthe line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig.3 is an enlarged elevation, partly in section, of the extractor of the present invention showing its mounting in the breech block.

Fig. 4 is a section substantially on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional side elevation, showing the extractor in shell releasing position. j The firearm comprises a stock 10` and a receiver 11 which contains the breech and firing mechanisms and a part of the magazine, and has secured to its front end the usual chambered barrel (not shown). The foremost cartridge 12 in the magazine overlies the breech block and, when the breech is retracted, is moved forward and downward following the guide surface 13 into position to be engaged by the fro-nt face of the breech block l14 as said breech block moves forward to chamber closing position The cartridge 15 in Fig. 1 is in the position with respect to the breech block which it occupies when in the chamber, the chamber having been omitted for greater clearness. A The extractor, indicatedv generally by the numeral 16, is shown in front elevation in Fig. 2 and in side elevation in Fig. 1. Said extractor comprises a pair of upwardly extending fingers 17 for engagement with the rim of the cartridge, as shown in Fig. 1. It is of substantial depth lengthwise of the gun and is supported on an upper stud 18 and a lower stud 19, said studs being received respectively in an upper' notch 20 and a lower notch 21. Said studs aresupported in and extend transversely of the Abreech block. Said notches are both of greater width and greater depth than the diameter of the studs to permit the rocking and sliding movementsof the extractor,lto be presently described. A recess in the upwardly extending portion lof the extractor receives a locating plunger 22 which is pressed downwardly by a spring 23, and has an arcuate head adapted to engage the cylindrical stud 19 in such a manner that the stud is not only 'held vertically, but is likewise cammed rearwardly. This mechi 'anism is clearly illustrated in Fig. 3, in

which vit will be seen that the spring 2.3 serves both to elevate the extractor and to rock it clockwise about the stud 19, holding the shank 161 of the extractor in contact with the face of the breech block. With the extractorv in this position, the rearward edge of the notch 20 is in engagement with the locating stud 18, thus increasing the resistance ofthe 'shell rim engaging fingers 17 to movement away from the breech block. The positive extraction of tightly fitting shells is thus insured.

i As the breech vblock is retracted, the 'extractor holdingv the shell and carrying it along with the breech block, the upper ypart ofthe shell head isV engaged by a` suitable ejector member, such as the abutment 24 (Fig.v 1). The Vbreech block continuing .to move rearwardly, while the shell is stopped by the ejector, the shell is rotated counterclockwise substantially about the bottom of the rim. In this movement the shell is quickly disengaged from the extractor, which is both shifted bodily downward and rocked about the upper locating stud`18, assuming the position shown in Fig. 5. The rocking movement of the extractor, as well as its vertical movement, compresses the spring 23, since'it moves the Yend of plunger 22 upwardly and rearwardly upon the cam pin 19 from the Fig. 3 position to the Fig. 5 position. As soon as the shell is free from the fingers 17, spring 23 causes the extractor to resume the Fig. 3 position.

, The breech block is received between and supported upon side plates 25 and 26 of the trigger plate. The forward end of the breech block isof reduced width, Vpermitting the stud'r 18 Vto be provided with an under-cut head 27 by which the stud may be grasped with the fingers and withdrawn without the use of tools. When the stud 18 is removed the extractor assembly may be rocked about the stud 19 until its upper end is clear of the breech block and thereby removed.

The breech block is retained against undesirable upward movement relative to the trigger plate by suitable means which mayl pressed inwardly and the lower part of the breech block ispassed downward between the side pieces 25 and 26, after which plunger 28 moves outwardly below theV sidepie'ce26,

thereby retaining the breechrblock in place.

Means must 'be providedfor retaining the plunger y28 in its recess. Accordi'ng'tothe present invention, said means comprises a retaining stud 30 adapted to engage a section 31 of the plunger 28, which section is of reduced diameter. A recess for receiving the retaining stud 30 extends rearwardly and downwardly into the breech block finger piece 32 from a position adjacent the lower rearward portion 33 of the extractor. The part 33 of therextractor thus serves as a retaining device for the stud 30 and eliminates the necessity forA using retaining screws or drive pins. f Y Y The particular device herein described 'and illustrated in the drawing. is to be understood as -merely vav representative embodiment of inventions which may takea variety of other forms all falling within the scope ofthe ap-iy pended claims.v

What is claimed is: i

1. ii a firearm, a shell extractor, supporti ing means therefor proportionedaiid positioned to permit universal movement ofthe extractor in a single plane, and means including one spring oiily'for controlling said uni- Y versal movement.

V2. ln a firearm, afbreech block, a shell'extractordevice comprising two slots, and two separate supporting and movement limiting means in said ybreech block engaging Vin said slots, said'slots receiving said means'with clearance in all directions therearouiid. A

3l In a firearm, avbreech block, a shellextractor comprisinga pair ofreversely facing Y slots and movement limiting means in said breech block engaging in said slots, the area of said` slots bein'ggreaterithan the areaof said means. i "v 4. In a rearm, a breechblock, a shell extractor comprising a slot, a stud in said breech block vengaging in said slot, anda movement controlling device carried by saidl extractor-f4 and engaging the periphery of said stud.' f 5. In aiirearm, a breech block, a shell extractor comprising a slot, astud in said breech block lengagingn in said slot, Yamovement controlling device carried by said extractor les and engaging the periphery of said stud,

` and a second stud in said breech block engaging and limiting the movement of said extractor.

6. In a firearm, a breech block, a shell extractor comprising a pair of reversely facing slots, studs in said breech block engaging in said slots, said studs being of a diameter less than the length and Width of said slots, whereby movement of said extractor is permitted and limited.

7. In a firearm, a breech block, a shell extractor comprising a slot, a stud in said breech block engaging in said slot, and a spring pressed plunger carried by said extractor and engaging the periphery of said stud.

8. In a rearm, a breech block, a shell extractor comprising a slot, a stud in said breech block engaging in said slot, a spring pressed plunger carried by said extractor and engaging the periphery of said stud, and a second stud in said breech block engaging and limiting the movement of said extractor.

9. In a firearm, a breech block, a shell eX- tractor comprising a slot, a stud in said breech block engaging in said slot, a spring pressed plunger carried by said extractor and engaging the periphery of said stud, and a second stud in said breech block engaging and limiting the movement of said extractor, said second stud being provided with a linger piece to facilitate its removal.

l0. In a firearm, a breech block, a shell extractor associated with said breech block, a pair of extractor supporting studs in said breech block, one of said studs being removable, the construction and arrangement being such that upon the removal of said removable stud said extractor can be Withdrawn from said breech block.

ll. In a firearm, a trigger plate, a breech -block supported thereon, means in said breech block for retaining said breech block in said trigger plate, a shell extractor in said breech block, and means whereby said shell extractor secures said breech block retaining means in place.

l2. In a firearm, a trigger plate, a breech block, a plunger in said breech block adapted to reta-in said breech block in said trigger plate, a plunger holding stud, and a shell extractor in said breech block having a part adapted to prevent displacement of said plunger holding stud.

CRAWFORD C. LOOMIS.

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