US1272667A - Steam-boiler. - Google Patents

Description

D. SJACOBUS.

STEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED APR-10.1916.

1,272,667, Patented July16,1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

WITNESSES: ti 7 I NTOR. w (i7Q/14/ v 6. v //'ATTORNEYS.

D. S. JACOBUS.

STEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 10. 1916.

1 ,2?2,667. Patented. July 16, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES:

/ I W9 A TTORNEYS.

imaccv.

DAVID s. uconus, ;or JERSEY our, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB T0 'rnE-BAEcocx & wrncox COMPANY,"OF BAYONNE, NEw JERSEY, A conronArIoNoE NEW ERSEY.

STEAM-BOILER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID S. JAcoBUs, a

citizen of the United States, residingat J ersey City, in the county of Hudson and State .ence numerals indicate similar parts in the.

several views.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 the boiler shown comprises upper steam and water drums 1, 2 and 3, anda mud drum 4, the upper drums being connected to the .mud drum by three banks of tubes 5, 6 and 7. The steam space of the center drum is interconnected to both the front and rear drums by curved steam'circulating tubes 8 and 8' and to the'water' spaces by tubes 9 and 9'. The water circulators support tiling, as indicated. The rear water circulators 9 protect the rear .drum 3 by supplying water thereto in case the level is abnormally drawn down therein; and the tiling on these water circulators prevents the heat from reaching and affecting the butt strap joint in the rear drum. It will be noted that the total cross sectional area of the water circulators between the front'and middle upper drums is greater than the totalcross sectional area of the water circulators between the middle and rear upper drums. This is of special advantage in. connection with the features hereinafter-recited inasmuch as while a constriction is desired for the water circulation between the upper drums it is important in the present combination that this constriction. should be greater between the middle and rear upper drums than between the front and middle upper drums. is supported upon the rear row, of tubes of the front bank and extends upwardly from the mud drum to the upper part of the bank, and a bafile 11 is supported upon the rear row of tubes of the middle bank and extends downwardly from the middle steam and A baffle 10 Water drum 2. Horizontal shelves;12 are shown as extendin fromtlie rear wall of the setting toward the rear bank. The boiler may be fired by any suitable furnace. The gases flow upwardly along-and among the tubes of the front bank and after crossing the top of said bank flow intothe chamber 13, thence in. a general downward direction over and among the tubes of the middle bank, thence upward over the tubes ofthe rear bank to the outlet 14. If desired a superheater may be placed in the chamber 13 between the front and middle banks of tubes. In the form shown in Fig. 1 the superheater comprises the boxes 15 and 16 to which the upwardly projecting U-tubes 17 are connected. The boxes are supported in saddles resting upon the cross-beam 23 forming part of the structural work of the setting. The tubes 17 are shown as extending substantially parallel with the tubes of proximity to .the middle steam and water drum. lamps 17 secured to the front row of boiler tubes of the middle bank serve as supports for resisting the overturning moment of the superheater. .In the standard Stirling boiler the front and rear steam and water drums are on substantially the same level and below the middle drum, and the main steam outlet is laced on top of the middle drum. Accor mg to the present invention the rear steam and water drum is set higher than the usual practice, and on substantiallyl the same level as the middle drum, and t on the top 0f the rear drum. In the steam space of the rear drum is placed a dry pipe 19, the main steam outlet connecting with the dry pipe at or about the center of the latter. The pipe 19 has openings 20 therein near its ends, as shown in Fig. 2. By so placing the openings the steam is taken from nearv the ends of the drum where the water and steam are in a more quiescent state than at the center of the drum, and steam of the maximum degree of dryness in the drum 3 enters the dry pipe 19. From thelatter the "steam flows through pipe 18 to the inlet box e main steam outlet 18 is placed ma a 1c, 1918."

the middle bank 6, their ends being in close I steam inlets 8 and the dry pipe to deflect The described construction is especially adapted to waters containing impurities which tend to produce. foaming andpriming, and drier steam can be secured and supplied to the superheater than with the standard arrangement in which the steam is taken from the middle drum of the boiler. By raising the rear 'drum above the standard position, the dry pipe 19 is correspondingly raised above the water level in the rear drum, and this eliminates any trouble which might occur, when there is high water in the boiler, with the rear drum at a lower level, through the water being carried along with the steam into the dry pipe. Even should there be a high degree of concentration of foreign elements in the water in the boiler tending to produce priming, the steam supplied to the superheater will be comparatively dry, and by reason of this a superheater of a given size will give a greater degree of superheat under such conditions than in the standard construction in which the steam is taken from the middle drum. Further, with the construction shown, there is practically no danger of filling the superheater with material carried along with the steam from the boiler as is the case when the steam is led from the middle drum with a Water producing priming, in which case the water which primes over carries with it solids in solution which, on they evaporation of the water in the superheater, will be deposited in the superheater.

With the steam spaces interconnected as shown, the water level in the rear drum will at all times be well below the level of the dry pipe. I

Experiments have demonstrated that the water level in the rear drum of a Stirling boiler, with the steam spaces of the middle drum and the rear drum interconnected, is higher under certain conditions of operation with a water containing a material amount of elements in solution than it is with a purer water, and it is therefore highly impor-' tant to raise the rear drum to the level of the middle drum, in the construction described, when the feed water is of such a nature that it will lead to high concentrations in the water contained in the boiler.

The boiler and superheater arrangement shown lends itself tohigh rates of driving even though the water may contain enough impurities to cause trouble through foaming and priming at comparatively low rates of driving, when the steam outlet is placed on the middle drum.

In Fig. 3 I have shown certain modifications adapted more particularly to a l-pass baflle boiler. In this construction the battle 2& is supported on the first row of tubes of the. front bank, and extends upwardly .from the mud drum to near the upper part of the bank. The middle bank of tubes is provided with two bafiles, one, 25, being supported upon the first row of tubes and ex tending'downwardly from the middle steam and water drum, and the other, 26, being supported upon the rear row of tubes, and extending upwardly from the mud drum. In the third bank is a bafile 27 supported upon tubes at the rear of the bank and extended downwardly from the rear steam and water drum. A cross-battle or shelf 28 extends from the baffle 26 to substantially the front row of tubes of the rear bank. Thetgases thus flow upward in front of the front bank of tubes, across the latter bank at the upper part thereof into the secondary combustion chamber 13, downwardly over the tubes of the front bank at the rear of baflle 24, and thence upwardly over the tubes of the middle bank. downwardly over the tubes of the rear bank and upwardly in the final pass back of the bank to the outlet'lsl. Another modification, of Fig. 1, is in the omission of the water circulators 9 between the middle and rear steam and water drums. In order to deflect the gases after leaving the middle bank downward, and to prevent thedirect impingement of the gases on the rear steam and water drum, I provide a special construction of curved tiles 29, backed by cast iron members supported by rods 29, and extending from the middle steam and water drum to substantially the first row of tubes of the rear bank.

As shown in Fig. 3 the furnace gases pass over-a comparatively small portion of the heating surface before entering the chamber 13 which permits of an'effective secondary combustion in this chamber. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 the furnace gases pass over a larger portion of the heating surface before entering the chamber 13,, and the beneficial effect of a secondary combustion in consuming the last traces of the combustible elements is not as great as in Fig. 3.

Still a further modification is in the form of the superheater. As shown in Fig. 3 the box 16' is placed near the rear of the front bank of tubes and is at a higher level than the box 15, the 'box 16' being preferably placed far enough from the rear of the front ank of tubes to allow for the easy expansion of the superheater tubes 17 2 into the box 16, and to allow a boiler tube to be passed between the rear of the first bank of tubes and the box 16 in replacing a boiler tube. The box 15 is in close proximity to the middle bank of tubes. The spacing apart of the superheater boxes, as shown, lessens the overturning moment and provides a superheater which does not require supports for the tubes other than the cross-boxes or headers. In this instance the clamps 17 shown in Fig. 1 are not necessary.

I may use a single muddrum t as shown, or a series of connected mud drums, and I intend to cover all these structures by the word lower chamber in my claims. The three upper steam and water drums must however be connected to this chamber Whether in the form of one drum or several connected drums.

That I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. A steam boiler of the class describe comprising at least three upper transverse drums connected by banks of tubes to a lower water chamber, the middle and rear upper drums being at substantially the same level, a main steam oiftake leading from the rear upper drum, baflles arranged to give the gases serial up and down passes over the water tubes, an ofi'take for the gases in the rear of the rear bank of water tubes, water circulators between the middle and rear upper drums, water circulators between the front and middle upper drums, the combined cross sectional area of the front water circulators being greater than that of the rear water circulators, and a special bafile supported by said water circulators and acting to protect the rear drum from excessive heating.

2. A steam boiler of the class .described comprising at least three upper transverse drums connected by banks of tubes to a lower water chamber, the rear upper drum being at a higher level than the front upper drum, a main steam off-take leading from the rear upper drum, bafiles for giving the gases serial up and down passes over the banks of tubes, an off-take for the gases in the rear of the rear bank of water tubes, water circulators between the middle and rear upper drums, Water circulatorsbetween the 'front and middle upper drums, the combined cross sectional area of the front water circulators being greater than that of the rear water circulators, and a special baflle overlying said water circulators and: acting to protect the rear drum from excessive heating.

3. A steam boiler of the class described comprising at least three upper transverse drums connected by banks of tubes to a lower water chamber, a main steam ofi'take leading from the rear upper drum, bafiles arranged to give the gases serial up and down passes over the Water tubes, an offtake for the gases in the rear of the rear bank of water tubes, water circulators between the front and middle upper drums and also between the middle and rear upper drums, the combined area of the front water circulators being greater than that of the rear water circulators, and a special baflie extending rearwardly from the middle upper drum and arranged to protect the rear upper drum from excessive heating.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

DAVID S. JACOBUS.

Witnesses:

CHARLES S. JONES, EDITH CAMP.

Images