US1246039A

US1246039A - Condensing steam-turbine plant.

Info

Publication number: US1246039A
Application number: US?677716A
Authority: US
Inventors: Karl Baumann
Original assignee: Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: CBS Corp
Priority date: 1916-03-25
Filing date: 1916-03-25
Publication date: 1917-11-13
Anticipated expiration: 1934-11-13

Description

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25. ISIS.

KL BAUMANN.

. CDNDENSINGSTEAM TURBINE PLANT.

Patented Nov. 13, 1917.

3 SHEETSSHEET I.

v HIS ATTORNEY IN FACT.

I K. BAUMANN. CONDENSING STEAM TURBINE PLANT.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25. I916.

Patented Nov. 13, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR.

HIS ATTORNEY IN FACT I K. BAUMANN. CONDENSING STEAM TU RBINE PLANT. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25.1916.

1,246,039. Patented N0v.13,1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- INVENTOR.

-HIS ATTORNEY IN FACT erases Parana? KARL BAUMANN, OF URMSTON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR 5C0 THE BRITISH WESTINGHQUidE ELEGIJBJIC 8:: MANUFACTURING COMPANY, LIMKTEE, OF LONDON, EEGLAND, is 3035- CONDENSING STEAM -TUBBINE PLANT.

eashes.

Specification of Letters Eatent. Pgmgnigggfl Nat/ 36,3 19117,

Application filed March 25, 1916. Serial No. 86,?77.

an econeinizer for conserving the heat of the flue gases, and has for its object to provide an improved arrangement and con struction of power plant of this kind whereby the overall eliicieney is increased as compared with existing plants.

I, attain this object, according to the present invention, by utilizing the steam which is used for packing the glands of the tur-,

bine, or the steam which leaks along the shaft into the glands, or the steam given 0 from the water sealed glands, or the steam which leaks past the balance pistons, for heating the feed Water, instead, as has heretoiore been the practice, of exhausting said steam. directly into the condenser or to an intermediate point in the low pressure end of the turbine. Such packing, leakage, or heating steam is at a comparatively low pressure and the feed water heater in which it is utilized operates at a pressure below atmospheric.

in carrying the invention into effect several alternative arrangements are possible, for example:

A. T he packing or leakage steam may be used in an entirely independent heater of suitable construction.

B. The independent heater may be used in connection with another heater. In some cases the independent heater may be con nected in series With the main feed Water heater. 4

3. The packing 0r leakage steam maybe used in"a'*"'separate chamber, in the main feed water heater, formed by means'of a ba fige plate or in any other suitable manner.

he packing or leakage steam may be rnixedwith heatlng steam. taken from the main. turbnie or fromsome other source.

in most cases where two heaters are used it is advisable first to heat the water by means of steam taken from the main turbine and-then to heat it to a higher temperature by means of the packing or leakage steam. Where packing or leakage steam at two difierent pressures is utilized the water is preferably first heated by such steam at the lower pressure and then by such steam at the higher pressure.

In the case of Water sealed glands the me chanical work expended on the sealing water by the paddle wheel of the seal vaporizes a certain amount 01" water which appears as steam which enters the lantern space of the gland, This steam is led es and utilized for heating the feed Water in any one of the Ways described above this Way it will be readily perceived that the mechanical Work expended on the Water by the paddle Wheel is largely recovered? in the form of heat which feed Water. x

, in operating arrangements of the above kind it sometimes happens that the extraction pumpof the main condenser discharges its water intermittently, with the result that the leakage steam, or the steam from the glands is not fully condensed in the feed water heater or heaters into which it is led, To obviate this a by-pass is provided for leading away to the main condenser or turbine exhaust, or any other suitable stage of the main turbine, any leakage steam or steam from the glands which may accumulate due to non-condensation in the-heater. Said by-pass is provided with a back-pres sure valve or is otherwise so arranged as to prevent steam passing to the, condenser, the turbine exhaust or an operative stage of the main turbine except when the pressure oi the leakage steam or the steam from the glands rises above a predetermined degree.

If desired said by-pass may take t form of a siphon tube containing water forming a seal which, in the event of the pressure of the packing or leakage steani rising above is given up to the a predetermined degree, will be bio'wn out,

permitting the steam to pass to an intcir mediate stage of the turbine or to the corn denser or turbine exhaust. Suitable valves grammatically by We example sevepel eriungements for carrying out the present invention. in the drawings Figure l is a View partly section showing" thefeed wato be heated with steam from the steam seelecl glands of a turbine.

2 is a view illustrating an arrange merit of apparatus in which the feed water is heated by steam from b. low pressure stage sue lee from he glsncis of the main U11: bins.

Fig. 3 is 2. View similar to Fig. 2,

another arrangement.

in 1 the turbine 8 which, as illustratetl, is of the variety is connect ed to e condenser 9- in the usual manner. The condenser extraction pump is shown at i and the feed Water heater at 11. The ifee'ci water after passing through the heater ii is led away by the pipe 11 to the econ ouiizei or to the hot Well from which is delivered to steam generator of the s stem. .eit either eucl oi the turbine are

steam glands

12, 13, the packing steam for which is supplied through the pipes M, 15 to the lantern spaces 16, 1'? respectively, of said glands. A pipe 18, connected with edditiousl lantern spaces 19, in the glands, leads the packing steam to the heater 11. Any steam which leeks along the shaft from the higi. pressure end of the turbine into the lantern space 20 will also he led mw by the pipe to the heel; 1. A pipe cont iniug a. pressure valve connects the heeter 11 to the main contleuser 5%. The function 0... seicl back pressure valve, hereinloei oife elipluiue, is to prevent steam passing from the heater 1]. to the cone flQi'iSi?" 9 except when the pressure of steam in the heater ll rises above a predetermined (iegree, by reason of insufiicient condense tioii therein.

l ig. $3 shows an arrangement similar to illusiiiiet shown in Fig. 1 except that the the turbine are sealed, ven offhy sueh giemis Qlfiiillg mereheiu lecl away to the heater thi'oug the ipe 18 as in 1. The arrangement of Fig. shown as having drain pipe oi small dimensions leading from the heater o he eonoenser 9, th rough which Water soil iiou-concleuseble gases accumulating in the heater may escape to the condenser.

The Heater 11 is shown divided into two ciilnpertments by 2. division plate locstecl in the steam sicle oi the heaterancl it 003% stitutes e two-stage heater. lln'this arrangement the feed Water is first heetevl by steam taken from an intermediate stage of the turhim: and kid into the heater through the wipe 26. The feecl Water is subsequently heated in the upper portion of the heater 11 "h steam from the glands 12, 1.3 of the turconducted through the pipe 18 as dese ioeil in connection with Fig. l. The two nectecl'by a pipe 27 containing throttle or ielieiivalve 28 pass for non-comlensuble for condensed steam from the uppei lower portion oi? the heater 11.

Pipe 18 connected liJG by r of pipe 18 and valve is inte nosed. be tween pipe 18 and pipe 256. 'l valve is cons, -ed. so to permit the possoge of stem from turbinegleucls 12 eiiti 18 back int the low pressure section of the turbine ,PK'OVldGd more leakage steam is availabletheu, is needed "for hosting the Water; the valve is eoustiiiete i to prevent the passsgeof steam from the turbine to the glands.

Fig. 3 shows one a rangement which may he adopted. in coiiueoi on with a til? we of the reaction type heviiig alumlit g of bail once pistons. in this Qie feeo Water is 2 ii emu. to the first heated in the h in. steam from the Water packet? gland eiicl loy steam leaking past the last he uee zitei ing, though the pipe A back pressure valve I- (lesirrecl, be provided in the pipe ti this will, in many iouutl l.

in the er'fangemeut shown in 3, it will also 1 v to slightlv i the pressure behind the est lmlzmc-e 34's,

2". e., to the left of the figure, mid, if clesiiefl, make said iston slightl i' 601" the puroose of avoiding i: M. eutl thrust, occasioned by the fact the V sire-hie to increase the pi'essuye oi toe steeui deliverel to the heater so t its tem tore Will be slightly above that to which it is desired to heat the Water.

The armingements herein describes eurl illustrated hove been given We ezo ample and not of limitation one the iiiveution is not limitedv to eoustiuctions shown. and described; For example, where two feed water heaters, or their equivalent, are used they he operated either in parallel or in series. The pfeferi'e l rengenieut, however, is that hereinioeioie meiitioiiefi in which the heaters are opemterl in series, that is to say the i'eei water? is first heated by steam at the lowest pressure, for instance by steam from. a low [JI-"QSUXB stage of the main turbine, and thou by steam. at a higher pressure, for exam, by Esteem 1 as condensing 1 l from the glands as described with reference to Fig. 2 of the drawings.

The invention herein set forth is not restricted to condensing steam turbine plants including an economizer or economizers utilizing the heat of the flue gases as it may equally Well be applied, to plants-not provided with an economizer, such for example steam turbine plants installed on marine vessels. a

I am aware that the steam from the glands of back pressure turbines, which is at a comparatively high pressure, has been used for feed water heating and I do not broadly claim this, the apparatus illustrated being adapted to employ steam below atmospheric pressure, and having novel structural features set forth in the appended claims.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:

1. In combination with a steam turbine, feed water heating means operating below atmospheric pressure, means for delivering leakage steam from the turbine to said heat.- ing means and means for discharging noncondensable gases from said heating means.

2. In combination with a steam turbine having packing glands, feed water heating means operating below atmospheric pressure, means for delivering leakage steamfrom the turbine to said heating means and valved means for delivering steam from said heating means to a region of pressure lower than that of said heating means.

3. In combination with a steam turbine I having packing glands containing steam,-

feed water heating means operatin below atmospheric pressure, means for de lvering leakage steam from the turbine to said heata 'ing means and means employing a non-return valve for delivering steam from said heating means to a low pressure working stage of the turbine.

4. In combination with a steam turbine, a multi-stage feed water heating means operatin below atmospheric pressure, means for de iveringleakage'steam from the turbine to one stage thereof, means for delivering steam from a working stage of the turbine to another stage thereof and means for discharging non-condensable gases therer in means and said condenser and means for de ivering steam from said glands to said heating means. 6. In combination with a turbine, feed water heating means operating below atmospheric pressure, means for-delivering leak-' age steam from the turbine to said heating means, a condenser and means connecting said heating means to said condenser.

7 In combination with a steam turbine,

a condenser connected to the exhaustthereof, feed Water heating means operating below atmospheric pressure, connections including an extraction pump-between'said condenser and said heating means, means for delivering leakage steamyfrom the turbine to said heating means and adrain fromsaid heating means to said condenser.

8. In combination with a steam turbine, feed water heating means operating atmospheric pressure, a condenser tor said turbine, means including an extraction pum connecting said condenser and said feed water heating means, a drain from said heatin means to said condenser, a non-return va vein said drain and means for deliverin I leakage steam from the turbine to the sai feed water heating means. 4

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto su scribed my name this third day of March,

KARL BA Witnesses:

CAMPBELL M RTIN, J. D. WALKER.

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