US1227668A - Firearm. - Google Patents

Description

E. G." REISING.

FIREARM. .Y APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21. I9I4- Patented May 29,1917.

WMV/11404.71,

earns Pa* EUGENE G. REISING, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

.To all/whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE Gr. REISING, a

- citizen of the. United States, and a resident of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and f State of Connecticut, have invented a new and Improved Firearm, of which the following isa specification.

. `My invention relates more especially to the class offirearms that are held in the hand while being fired, and an object of my invention, among others, is to provide a firearm of this class that shall be extremely [simple in construction and effective in operation.

v. firearm embodying my invention and in the"construction and use of whichthe objects hereinabove set out, as well as others, may l be attaiiied,is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- .Figu'rel 1s a view in side elevation, mostly 'in central section, ofa firearm embodying 'magazine catch in position to. secure the magazine in place.

. Fig. 5 isa fragmentary view in section on the' same plane as Fig. 4 4, the catch being shown in full lines in the position occupied VI-.when the magazine is partially removed, and in dotted lines-in the position it will occupy when the magazine is fully removed.

6 is a bottom view of the breech-bolt. Fig. 7 is a front view of the magazine. Fig. 8 is a side view of the same. Fig. 9 is a view of the upper part of the firearm looking from the front.

"Fig 10 is a detail'` view of the magazine catch.v

f o .l1 is a fragmentary. view showing the relative positions of the hammer and firing pin as the latter passes over thefornier. l

In the accompanying drawings the nu- Specicationof Letters Patent. 1 35M3el1geid Elay 29, 1917,

Application maa Maren-27, i914. serial No. 827,607.

meral 10 indicates the handle oi' frame of myimproved firearm having at its upperforward part a recess 11 to contain the lug -12 of a receiver 13, the latter having an open-A .ing 14 for oneend of the barrel 15, the latter being secured within said opening as by means of interengagiiig screw threaded parts. A fastening screw 16 extends through a'hole in the lug 12 into a threaded recess 17 in the frame for the purpose of securingthe receiver to the frame or handle. Grooves 18 are formed in the sides of the frame or handle near the upper edge thereof "for the refA lception of lips 19 extending inwardly from.

the side parts 20 of a breech-bolt 21. This breech-bolt has grooves 22 within which ears 23 from the handle or frame extend, aprojection 24 being located within the breechbolt between the grooves 22, which projectionV has an opening extending lengthwise therethrough within which a firing pin 25 is located. The breech bolt thus constructed is located entirely back of the barrel andrewhich cutout corner .it nicely fits into and.` lls. A'A spring 26 seated against the bottom vof the firing pin opening A27 thrustsv with one end against ashoulder on the'firing pin to force it outward against the hammer 32, and the firing pin has a recess 28 WithinV which a pin 29 is located, the pin beingl of such size as compared with the recess as to permit the firing pin'to havev a limited longitudinal movement within the breechbolt. The ring pin" also has a limited. lateral movement within the breech-bolt, a head. 3'0 on t he tiring pin having a cam to engage with a cam surface 31 on the breech-bolt for the purpose of centering the firing pin or moving it laterally in one direction, 'a lateral v movement of the firing' pin in the opposite direction being for a purpose' to be presently explained. When the firing pin'is held at the backward limit of its playin the breechf bolt this lateral movement is permittedu so that when the hammer is cocked and the breech-bolt moves forward the firing pin may move laterally to ride over the hammer and thus present no obstruction to the forward movement of the breech-bolt, this position of the firing pin being shown in Fig l1 of the drawings.

An extractor 33 is located in the breech-l bolt at one side thereof and it -has a lip its movement in the breech-bolt until it encounters increased resistance, whien it is forced quickly forward against the cartridge .shell and 'Snaps the latter froinrelease of the. extractor and through the opening made by the breech-bolt in its backward movement. If desired a shoulder 34, or other means for engaging the head of the firing pin may be employed, to insure the fiiward movement of the latter to eject thecartf'idge shell. In the construction of parts herein shown as the hammer is pushed backwardly by the breech bolt in its backward movement the cartridge shell will be clamped by the extractor against the end of the breech bolt, tipping movement of said shell being prevented by its engagement with the barrel,

but the headV of the firing pin promptly encountering the shoulder 34 after the breechbolt has moved sufliciently to remove the Shell from the barrel, said pin will be caused by such Contact to move quickly forward against the shell and snap the latter from the release of the extractor, by whichv it is held as above described:

Athammer push bar 35 is pivotally. at-

l tached to the hammer, the lower end of said This lever, as herein shown, is in the form ofl a bell crank lever, the stud 38 being secured inone arm thereof andthe opposite arm 4l thrusting against the under surface of a breech-bolt actuating lever 40 pivotally mounted at its lower end on the side part4 of the frame with its upper end extending into a recess inl the under s ide of the breechbolt.4 The levers 39 and 40 are so relatively arranged that considerable power will be required to initially move the lever` 40 against the resistance of the detent 'at this time. That is, when the lever 39 is 'm 4its normally in position normal position the radius of the arm will be somewhat in fr ont of the line of application of force from the lever -lO to the lever 39, or slightly in front of the dead center. In this swinging movement of the lever a0, as the breech-bolt moves backwardly, the arm 1ll moves toward the pivot of thelever 40, increasing the leverage and thus there is.

o'ered less resistance to the movement of the breech-bolt at the nd of its opening movement than at the beginning. it will thus be seen that the resistance by the le` 39 and 40 to the opening of the breech-bolt is greatest, for two reasons, at the beginning of such movement, first, from the fact that the points of engagement ofthe two levers are nearlyon a dead center and second, from the fact that less leverage is obtained at the beginning of the movement than afterward. l

This is an important feature of my invention, the lever (39) that resists the openingmovemen't of the breech bolt being so i arranged that the force applied to the breech bolt is transmitted lengthwise of the lever between its end and pivot, so that the lever may be positioned to exert any amoui'xt of resistance, even to a positive lock, to the opening movement of the breech bolt.

The amount of resistance of the detent lever 39 to the opening movement of the breech bolt at the beginning of such movement may be regulated by means of the screw `16 that controls the position-of the receiver on the Vframe and hence -of the breech bolt that rests against it. The position of the breech bolt controls the position of the lever 40, and hence the relative dispositions of the levers 40 and 39, which -latter determines the amount of resistance ythat will be offered by the arm ll to the opening movement of the breech bolt.

A sear 42 is pivotally mounted within the frame in position to engage the notches in the hammer in the usual manner, the tail of the sear being .engaged by a trip-pin bar 43 in the form of a loop 'extending on opposite sides of a magazine Chamber il in the handle, the bar being secured to a trigger l5 by means, of which the bar,is,forced against thesear tail to disengage the' sear from vthe notches in the hammer in the usual manner. A spring 46 has its lower end located in a recess 47 in the handlethc upper end of the spring being formed into three members, the outer and shorter ineinbers 48 of-which press against a beveled surface on the bar 43 to force it forward and upward, and the central member 49 presses vagainst the sear tail to hold the scar to engage the notches in the hammer.

A pin 5l on the lever 4() is normally located in a recess 50 in the upper edge of the y tripping bar, this upper edge being v vithin the magazine back of these ribs as shown in Fig. 2er the .drawing, prefer "ably l'on `t-liefaic of circleh'aving v'the fpivot of the lever f 'forffit's' 'cefnter. 'i f-This construction" causesthei-pi'nto engage the curved 'surv vfacefof'the `bar attlie beginning of the` backyvardmovement'ef the lever, 'thus moving the bar I downwardly"and`out of they pathof f movement 'or the 'seartail land leaving the searf -fr'ee' to engage the notches in the ham- AsSailer-'When the-latter is cocked. This will prevent a'-'repeated'='and vunintentionall dis-i h f-f' 'charge'v o'f` the'iirearm. 1li magazine is'flocated inthe magazine vcha'mberlilt and is heldf therein bymeans of r a :spring pressed 'catch' 53 .extending across. `1 -thev frame andlhavinga point 54l arranged to 'l engage aznotch `55in the front of the maga;

'z inerwThe catchl has a magazine groovel 56 20.Lv

otcurvedf. lshape-formed in one side, conformL singffs'omewhat to .the curved shape of the l vfront'edge of.v the magazinebut of a Width :to permit movement-of the catch laterally of fthejframe to engage yand release the :magaziinel.l A vAf'triggerrecess 57 is `formed on the opposite side 'ofthe catch to receive' the trigger.4 *Thesetvvo recesses are so'relatively v-lo'cated'thatwhen the; catch is in position to {retain'the magazine in place thetrigger recess Willbelin :position to receive the trig .ger-,fa'sgshownin Fig. 4,.-and `permit it to opverate,the`4 sear, `from`l which it will beseen fthat thefposition-.of .the 'magazine governs thejoperation vof thegtrigger. AIf the catch -be moved `to release vthe magazine and th'e glatter` be-'slig-htly moved from its normal positiony the catch- Willfbe retained against '.theqtensionofits; spring 60, in the position shown'in Fig. 5, from wh'ichitkvvill be noted 'that l,the v trigger vWill rest against the.` catch at one side of'the trigger recess and cannot be moved-If thel magazine be eiitirel vremoved from its `chamber then the catch Wi l 'l moveunder the forceof its spring toanother position and the trigger Will restiagainst it on l the.opposite,,side` of. the trigger recess from -thatjabovedescribed,-and thecatch Will thus I-againfvresist operation'of the' trigger.v This construction prevents any operationfo'f the trigger except .When the magazine is fully in'- .place,y and cause of danger-from dischargeof 1. the l-,lirearm' when gthe magazine 1s :not in place-,isthus avoided.

In Aorder to retain all of the cartridges in the magazine in. substantially the samerela! tive position with respect to the opening. A.through `the barrel, or in other lWords,vto

l.prevent them fromassuming dierentangu-v lar ..positions by reasons-of their flanges,l.with. respect to/theiaxislo'f the barrel,: Ik form -ribs' 58 'on ythefliil,side of the magazine extending its full length, the distaneebetvveen these ribs i. :beinglsnch asftofprovide" a space-between* the bullets closely: The l ermeev a Width greater than the diameter ofthe fiange around the cartridge shell, so thatfat.

thisend the cartridges may lie'o'ut of a` 'plane passing through their axes, 'as shown in Figs.

j I and 3 ofthe drawing, that isr,'these ends of vthe cartridges have a staggered 'relation sulcient to compensate lfor the' extra thicknc caused by theianges59.

' l The head of the firing pin on'that'side op posite the cam extends through a slot cnt into the edge 4of thefiring pin opening in ther breech-bolt. The bottom of this extension 61 is linclined slightly downvvard and backward so that its rearfend,v at let, lies' vbelow the outer surface of this pa-rtof the breech-bolt the provision vfor lateral movement voLtIie pin"beingsu'icient to permit'this extension to pass-intov the slot as the breech-bolt and pin pass over the hammer. Asthe breech bolt moves back-this downwardly-inclined part is held below fthe lower surface' of the breech bolt, theh'ainmer pressing'the beveled s urface'on the head offthe firing pin against the cam 3l. p This position of the extreme rear end of the firing pin in ythe backward movement of thebreech bolt forces the helnmer 4downvvard'far enough to prevent lit ytouching the breech, bolt infthe" forward movement of the latter, and-the lateral movement of the firing pin enables-'it' Ato 'ride so easily over the hammer that the latter offers no perceptible resistance to 'the fforward movement of the breech bolt and firing pin.

While I have shown anddescribedhereinaseparate member to return the'detent toits-.position of rest. e 2. In a rearm, 1n combln'atlon with a 'breech-bolt actuating 1 evera lever deteng' mounts for said 1e ver`and detent arranged to cause the detent to exert itsl greatest resistance to the movement of the lever 'when the latter isin its closed position, -and-to gradually reduce the resistance as thelever moves from its closed position. and a separate member to return the `detent'to'.:itsl

sition of rest. f -3. In a firearm. 1n

breech-bolt. actuating levexga klever 1 i pivotally mounted toenvage the "bolt"act1 1atinglever at 'a istamfe'A 1.

lpivot and to move toward'sidpvpivof'as'tlie, I i 4breech-bolt actuating lever closed position and a separate member to return the detent to its'position of rest.

I 4. In a firearm, in combination with a pivotally mounted breech-bolt actuating lever having an edge at one end to engage a breech-bolt and the opposite end larranged` at an angle to said engaging edge, a pivotally mounted lever detent positioned to engage said angularl7 disposed end on the breech-bolt actuating lever, and to move toward ,the pivot ofthe breech-bolt actuating lever as the latter moves from its closed position and means toreturn the detent to its position of rest.

5. In a firearm, in combination with a pivotally mounted breech-bolt actuating lever, a pivotally mounted lever detent, said lever and detent being constructed and their pivots being disposed to cause a radialline through the arm 4of the detent engaging said actuating lever to pass close to but just at one side of the dead center pointof ap-v plication of power between the detgnt and actuating lever.

6. In a firearm, in combination with a' .breech-bolt actuating lever, a pivot therefor, a lever detent, a pivot therefor, and an arm .on said detent arranged .to engage theactuating lever at a point just offthe dead center line of application of power by-'the actuating lever-to the lever detent. v

7. Ina .firearm in combination with a -slidable breech-bolt, 'a firing pin movable ,lengthwise in the breech-bolt andadapted pin being adapted to pass over the hammerl in the backward movement of the breechbackward movement .of the firing pin to be cockedthereby to move the firing pin forf ward in the backward movement of the Vbreech-bolt.

' 9. In a firearm, in combination with a -s1idable breech-bolt having a recess, a firing pin movable A,lengthwise in the 'breech-bolt and having a head to enter said recess, a hammer located in the path of backward movement of the firing pin to be cocked thereby, and means to permit the firing pin hammer during-.the sliding movement of the breech-bolt. Y

10. In a rear m 1n combination with a Gfl'breech-boa raviraa-reeess With-a beveled@ to 4pass over the hammer-in its backward bolt and a hammer located in the path of to have a lateral movement to pass over said 'to have a lateral movement in the breech- 70 bolt to pass over the hammer.

'11. In a firearm, in combination with the breech-bolt, an extractor located thereon, a hammer, a firing pin located in the breechbolt and positioned to pass over the ham- 75 mer in the backward 'movement Iof said bolt, means for forcing the-firing pin backwardly 1n the breech-bolt, and means upon the haml mer for forcing the firinglpin forward to force a shell from the hold of the extractor.

12. In a. firearm, in combination with a breech-bolt, an extractor located thercbn, a hammer, av firing pin located thereinygand adapted to pass over the hammer inl the backward movement of the breech-bolt, means for forcing the firing pin backwardly, and a shoulderon the hammer to engage the firing pin to force it forward and-eject a shell from-the hold of the extractor before 'the firing pin reaches its rearward position.

13. In a firearm, in combinationvwith a breech-bolt, a* firing pin having lateral movement, located in the path of backward movement of said pin to be cocked thereby and to4 move said pin .laterally in its. forward 95 movement, a hammer, and means for holdis seated against the end of the breech bolt.

'(14. In a firearm,-in combination with a 100 breech-bolt, a firing pin having a lengthwise movement andalso having a lateral movement in the breech-bolt to permit it to pass over the hammer during ythe sliding movement of the breech bolt, means for forcing the firing pin in one direction, a hammer to engage the pin in its forward position, said I, hammer being located in the path of backward movement of the firing pin to be cocked thereby, and means to engage the -firing piil in one of itslateral positionsand hold it until after the cartridge head is seated against the end of the bolt.

15. In a firearm, in combination with the frame having a recess thereima receiver having a lug to project into said recess, and a bolt passing lengthwise through said reoeiverinto the frame to' adjustably retain the receiver in place. y

16. In a firearm, in combination' with the 120 frame having a recess therein, means for securing the barrel to the frame, said means including a`lug fitting within and movable lengthwise within said recess, and a' bolt'for adjustably securing said lug in place.

17. In a firearm, in combination with the frame having a recess therein opening to itsV .front edge, a barrel, and' means for securing the barrel in place, sa-idmeans including aV lengthwise throu h said lu and threaded intojhe frame. g g* 18.. combination in a firearm including g hammer," a breech-bolt having a recess in lts end opening to the side thereof and also having a cam surface, a iring pin extending Into the breech-bolt andx having a head with a cam-shapedl surface and a lug projectingl f into said recess, and adapted to extend b e- 1I' youd the buter side surface offthe bolt when the firing pin is in one, position, andmeans to permitlateral movement of the ring pin to cause.' 1t to ride over-the hammer in its Y backward movement-.f

19. In combination in a firearm, a'breechbolt, -aliring pin extending into the breechbolt, a hammer located in the path of backward movement ofl the firing 'pin to be cocked thereby, means for forcing the firing pin backward'in the breech-bolt, the outer end of 4said pin passing back beyond thehammer in the backward movement ,of the breech bolt, means to permit ythe firing pin o to move backward in the breech-bolt during the 'breech-bltduring backward movement f the, backward movement .of the hammer, means for forcing thering pin forward in thereof, and means to permit the firing pin to. ride over the hammer during'the sliding movement of the breech bolt.

20.-Ina firearm, in combination with the frame cut away at its-upper rear edge, a breech-bolt-formed with its outer surface comprising the outer surface o'fthat part of the irearmwhich it occupies, said-bolt beslidably mounted on the frame and havyingfitslower edges slidably attaching it lto the upperedges of said cut-away part, and

the entirfbreech-bolt its closed position beinglocat'ed back of the rear end of the barrel, means for operating the breechvbolt.

21". In'a'1irearm,in combination with the breech-bolt, a member pivotally mounted on ajxed pivot to oppose opening movement of the breech-bolt, said member being arranged and fits pivot being so disposed that the greater part of the force applied to thel breech-bolt in its opening movement is resisted by said pivot, a lever pivotallylmountv,ed on'a fixed pivot with one end in engagel ment with the breech-bolt and its other end in engagement with said member, andmeans for closing lthe breech-bolt.

2'2. In a lirearm, in combination with. the

' breech-bolt, a levermounted on a fixed pivot to oppose opening movement of the breechbolt, -said lever being arranged and its pivot so located that'the greater part ofthe force applied to the breech-bolt in. its opening movement is resisted by said pivot on a line I' at'on'e side'` of but close to" a line passing through the point offapplication. of power to said lever and its pivot and a lever pivotally a lpivot withone end 1in engagementv with' the'breechbolt and its other end inI engagement withsaid member.

23. In a rearm,.'in'-combinationwith' the breech bolt and its actuatin'gflevergalever detentv pivotally mounted and arranged to receive the power ,transmitted through the actuating 'lever on a line at one. si'deof `but close to a line passing through the point of application of power to said lever and its pivot and a member to force said detent in one direction. f

24. In a firearm, a breech bolt, means'for actuating the breech bolt, a resisting member,

Ato offer a variable resistance to movement of sald actuating means, and a separate member. to oppose movement of said resisting firing pin backwardly inthe breech bolt te a point back of the hammer, and a'. shoulder rigidly ixed upon the hammer to engage the firing pin and force itiforwarl at a predetermined point in the backward movement of the breech bolt.

' 27. In combination in a firearm, a hammer, a breech bolt,a iring pin located within the .breech bolt and having alongitudinal and a lateral movement therein and arranged to move the hammer' backward, and means to move the firing pin laterally to 'force the hammer belowthe' path of travel of the breech bolt.

28. In la' rearm, in combination with a slidable .breech bolt, a tiring pin movable lengthwise in the breech bolt and having lateral movement therein and a beveled surface, a hammer located in the path of backward movement of the firing pin lto be cocked thereby, and means upon the hammer to `torce the lfiring pinforward in the breech bolt and cause said beveled-surface to position the firing pin to move the ham-` mer below the under surface of the ,breech bolt.

29. In combination in a firearm, a l1am mer, a breech bolt, an vextractor to engage lthe rim of a cartridge shell, a liring pin ex- -tending into the breech bolt, means for forel ingthe firing pin backward in the' breech bolt, and a shoulderupon the hammer posi,- tioned to engage the lring pin and force it forward at the timethe cartridge shell is disengaged from the barrel.

.30. Ina trear'm combination with the,

r6.A v #w27/eef breech-bolt, n lever pvotally"noumled` one lengagement with the breech-bolt and Vits xedbplv'ot to1 (ipposeo opening mo'vmelt* other'end. 'loosely connected with said lever. said o t, sac ever eing arten e an its 1 11 j pvot being so disposed that the ggreater par/1;. EUGLNL G hBISING 5 of the force applied to the breech-bolt is ,r- 1Witnesses:

sisted by' the pvot of Said member, and a ARTHUR B. JENKINS, member pvotally secred With one end\\n A. E. OBRIEN.

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