Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
  • C08F2/02—Polymerisation in bulk
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
  • C01G21/00—Compounds of lead
  • C01G21/16—Halides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
  • C08F2/04—Polymerisation in solution
  • C08F2/06—Organic solvent
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
  • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
  • C08F220/10—Esters
  • C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
  • C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
  • C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
  • C08F220/1818—C13or longer chain (meth)acrylate, e.g. stearyl (meth)acrylate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
  • C10G21/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents characterised by the solvent used
  • C10G21/12—Organic compounds only
  • C10G21/16—Oxygen-containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G73/00—Recovery or refining of mineral waxes, e.g. montan wax
  • C10G73/02—Recovery of petroleum waxes from hydrocarbon oils; Dewaxing of hydrocarbon oils
  • C10G73/06—Recovery of petroleum waxes from hydrocarbon oils; Dewaxing of hydrocarbon oils with the use of solvents
  • C10G73/08—Organic compounds
  • C10G73/12—Oxygen-containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
  • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
  • C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
  • C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
  • C10G2300/304—Pour point, cloud point, cold flow properties
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
  • C10G2400/10—Lubricating oil
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions

Definitions

• the present disclosure in general relates to the field of lubricating oils and in particular, the present disclosure relates to a process of dewaxing the lubricating oils. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a crosslinked polymer for dewaxing the lubricating oils.
• Dewaxing is one of the significant processes used in the preparation of lubricating oils, for removal of the wax and results in an oil of markedly improved cloud and pour points.
• the process is usually carried out by chilling the oil with the intention of precipitating the wax, followed by filtering of the wax from the oil. It is a widespread practice to add solvents to the oil which tend to dissolve the oil and precipitate the wax.
• Solvents which may be used are liquid paraffins of low boiling point, such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, light petroleum oils, mixtures of ketones and aromatic hydrocarbons, for example, methyl ethyl ketone, benzene or toluene, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, namely dichloroethane and trichloroethane.
• dewaxing aid helps to form wax crystals, improve filtration rate, improve the dewaxed oil yield and reduce the oil content in wax.
• Dewaxing aid which works for low viscosity oils may not work for high viscosity oils.
• the alkyl groups in the dewaxing aid play the most significant role in the structure of the dewaxing aid. The size of the alkyl group to be used will be governed by the type of lubricating oil which has to be dewaxed. Enormous research is going on to develop a cheaper dewaxing aid, which gives good filtration rates and a higher yield of dewaxed oil.
• EP0013150A1 discloses a process for dewaxing a waxy hydrocarbon oil with a ketone dewaxing solvent and a dewaxing aid comprising polyvinylpyrrolidone.
• U.S. Pat. No. 2,158,671A discloses a dewaxing process which involved the separation of wax from oil by the oxidation of wax with a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and a catalyst in the presence of air.
• a crosslinked polymer for dewaxing the lubricating oils the polymer derived from a) 70-77 weight percentage of at least one alkyl acrylate; (b) 23-28 weight percentage of at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon; (c) 0.1-2.5 weight percentage of at least one crosslinker; and (d) 0.75-2.5 weight percentage of at least one initiator, wherein the polymer has a number average molecular weight in the range of 5000-15000.
• a process for preparing the polymer comprising: (a) dissolving at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one crosslinker and at least one initiator in at least one solvent to obtain a first mixture; (b) heating the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; (c) adding at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, at least one crosslinker, at least one initiator with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; and (d) heating the third mixture to obtain the polymer.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil comprising: a) obtaining a feed and at least one solvent; b) contacting the feed, the at least one solvent and the polymer for dewaxing, to obtain a blend; c) processing the blend to obtain wax and dewaxed oil, wherein the polymer is in the weight percentage in the range of 0.08-0.12% with respect to the feed.
• dewaxing refers to the process of removing wax from base oil feedstocks before further processing into lubricants.
• dewaxing refers to the removal of wax from an oil feed.
• the polymer for dewaxing is also referred to as “dewaxing aid”.
• the crosslinked polymer of the present disclosure can also be referred to as “dewaxing aid”.
• crosslinker refers to a molecule that links two polymer chains by the covalent or ionic bond;
• crosslinker refers to the group consisting of cyclopentadiene, diallyl ether, divinyl benzene, divinyl ether, and combinations thereof.
• initiator refers to a substance or a chemical that can start the chain reaction or polymerization reaction.
• the initiator is used to initiate the polymerization reaction between alkyl acrylate, vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon and the crosslinker.
• the initiator of the present disclosure is not limited to benzoyl peroxide, benzoylhydroperoxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, tertbutylhydroperoxide, methylethylketone peroxide.
• number average molecular weight is defined as the total weight of polymer divided by the total number of molecules. In the present disclosure, number average molecular weight is calculated for the crosslinked polymer and is in the range of 5000 to 15000.
• wax refers to substance consisting primarily of long chain, saturated hydrocarbons (linear alkanes/n-paraffins) with carbon chain lengths of C18 to C75+ especially n-paraffins, naphthenes, and iso-paraffins.
• feed refers to the hydrocarbon feedstock which needs to be dewaxed.
• the feed not limited to petroleum oil, lubricating oil, atmospheric residue, various cuts of vacuum distillation column, light vacuum gas oil, heavy vacuum gas oil, heavy residue oil.
• dewaxed oil refers to the oil after wax removal.
• the crosslinked polymer acts as dewaxing aid promotes the dewaxing process of the feed to result in dewaxed oil and the wax.
• pour point refers to the lowest temperature at which oil is capable of flowing under gravity. In the present disclosure, the pour point refers to the minimum temperature at which the dewaxed oil flows freely under gravity.
• Ratios, concentrations, amounts, and other numerical data may be presented herein in a range format. It is to be understood that such range format is used merely for convenience and brevity and should be interpreted flexibly to include not only the numerical values explicitly recited as the limits of the range, but also to include all the individual numerical values or sub-ranges encompassed within that range as if each numerical value and sub-range is explicitly recited.
• a weight percentage of about 70% to 77% should be interpreted to include not only the explicitly recited limits of about 70% and 77%, but also to include sub-ranges, such as 71 to 73%, 74 to 77%, and so forth, as well as individual amounts, including fractional amounts, within the specified ranges, such as 71.4%, 73.8%, 75.6%, for example.
• dewaxing aids that were developed for the dewaxing process. But the challenges with regards to wax deposition and filtration were yet to be addressed. In favor of obtaining efficient dewaxing aid, various polymers have been entrusted. However, the drawbacks still exist and strategies were required that could markedly facilitate the dewaxing process.
• the dewaxing process can be facilitated by nucleation or by adsorption. In nucleation, the dewaxing aid acts as a seed which can initiate the wax crystal formation. In adsorption, the dewaxing aid adsorbs onto the surface of the growing crystal and alters its subsequent size and shape.
• the dewaxing process can be improved.
• a polymer comprising a crosslinker has been developed in the present disclosure.
• the crosslinker in the polymer will increase the nucleation rate due to close proximity of wax crystal growth.
• the present disclosure provides a crosslinked polymer derived from at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, at least one crosslinker, and at least one initiator.
• the range of the components disclosed herein results in a crosslinked polymer for dewaxing.
• the present disclosure provides the process of preparing the crosslinked polymer to be performed in the manner disclosed herein. Succinctly, the present disclosure provides a proficient polymer derived from the components disclosed herein and a competitive process for obtaining the crosslinked polymer.
• the present disclosure further provides a method for dewaxing using the crosslinked polymer of the present disclosure.
• a crosslinked polymer for dewaxing the lubricating oils the polymer derived from (a) 70-77 weight percentage of at least one alkyl acrylate; (b) 23-28 weight percentage of at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon; (c) 0.1-2.5 weight percentage of at least one crosslinker; and (d) 0.75-2.5 weight percentage of at least one initiator, wherein the polymer has a number average molecular weight in the range of 5000-15000.
• a crosslinked polymer for dewaxing the lubricating oils the polymer derived from (a) 71-75 weight percentage of at least one alkyl acrylate; (b) 24-26 weight percentage of at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon; (c) 0.2-1.0 weight percentage of at least one crosslinker; and (d) 1.0-2.0 weight percentage of at least one initiator, wherein the polymer has a number average molecular weight in the range of 7000-15000.
• a crosslinked polymer for dewaxing the lubricating oils the polymer derived from (a) 72-74 weight percentage of at least one alkyl acrylate; (b) 24-25 weight percentage of at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon; (c) 0.3-0.9 weight percentage of at least one crosslinker; and (d) 1.5-2.0 weight percentage of at least one initiator, wherein the polymer has a number average molecular weight in the range of 10000-15000.
• a crosslinked polymer for dewaxing the lubricating oils the polymer derived from (a) 73.17 weight percentage of at least one alkyl acrylate; (b) 24.39 weight percentage of at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon; (c) 0.49 weight percentage of at least one crosslinker; and (d) 1.95 weight percentage of at least one initiator, wherein the polymer has a number average molecular weight in the range of 13500-14500.
• a crosslinked polymer for dewaxing the lubricating oils wherein the at least one alkyl acrylate is selected from the group consisting of octadecyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, ethylhexyl acrylate, behenyl acrylate, eicosyl acrylate, and combinations thereof
• the at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of styrene, vinyl naphthalene, vinyl anthracene, allyl benzene, methyl styrene, and combinations thereof
• the at least one crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadiene, diallyl ether, divinyl benzene, divinyl ether, and combinations thereof and the at least one initiator is selected from the group consisting of benzoylhydroperoxide, azobisisobutyronitrile,
• a crosslinked polymer for dewaxing the lubricating oils wherein the at least one alkyl acrylate is selected from the group consisting of octadecyl acrylate and decyl acrylate; the at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of styrene and vinyl naphthalene; the at least one crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadiene and diallyl ether; and the at least one initiator is selected from the group consisting of benzoyl hydroperoxide, azobisisobutyronitrile.
• a crosslinked polymer for dewaxing the lubricating oils wherein the at least one alkyl acrylate is octadecyl acrylate; the at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon is styrene; the at least one crosslinker is selected from cyclopentadiene and diallyl ether; and the at least one initiator is benzoyl hydroperoxide.
• a crosslinked polymer for dewaxing the lubricating oils the polymer derived from (a) 70-77 weight percentage of at least one alkyl acrylate selected from the group consisting of octadecyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, ethylhexyl acrylate, behenyl acrylate, eicosyl acrylate, and combinations thereof; (b) 23-28 weight percentage of at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of styrene, vinyl naphthalene, vinyl anthracene, allyl benzene, methyl styrene, and combinations thereof; (c) 0.1-2.5 weight percentage of at least one crosslinker selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadiene, diallyl ether, divinyl benzene, divinyl ether, and combinations thereof; and (d) 0.75-2.5 weight
• a process for preparing the polymer derived from (a) 70-77 weight percentage of at least one alkyl acrylate; (b) 23-28 weight percentage of at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon; (c) 0.1-2.5 weight percentage of at least one crosslinker; and (d) 0.75-2.5 weight percentage of at least one initiator, wherein the polymer has a number average molecular weight in the range of 5000-15000, the process comprising: (a) dissolving at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one crosslinker and at least one initiator in at least one solvent to obtain a first mixture; (b) heating the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; (c) adding at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, at least one crosslinker, at least one initiator with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; and (d) heating the third mixture to obtain the polymer.
• the at least one solvent is selected from a group consisting of xylene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and combinations thereof.
• a process for preparing the polymer as disclosed herein comprising: (a) dissolving at least one alkyl acrylate selected from the group consisting of octadecyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, ethylhexyl acrylate, behenyl acrylate, eicosyl acrylate, and combinations thereof; at least one crosslinker selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadiene, diallyl ether, divinyl benzene, divinyl ether, and combinations thereof; and at least one initiator selected from the group consisting of benzoyl hydroperoxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, tert butyl hydroperoxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and combinations thereof, in at least one solvent selected from a group consisting of xylene, toluene, ethyl benzen
• the at least one alkyl acrylate has a weight percentage in the range of 45-55% with respect to the first mixture; the at least one crosslinker has a weight percentage in the range of 0.1-1.0% with respect to the first mixture; and the at least one initiator has a weight percentage in the range of 0.7-1.2% with respect to the first mixture.
• the at least one alkyl acrylate has a weight percentage in the range of 47-52% with respect to the first mixture; the at least one crosslinker has a weight percentage in the range of 0.15-5% with respect to the first mixture; and the at least one initiator has a weight percentage in the range of 0.8-1.0% with respect to the first mixture.
• the at least one alkyl acrylate has a weight percentage in the range of 47-52% with respect to the first mixture; the at least one crosslinker has a weight percentage in the range of 0.15-5% with respect to the first mixture; and the at least one initiator has a weight percentage in the range of 0.8-1.0% with respect to the first mixture.
• the at least one alkyl acrylate has a weight percentage in the range of 48-49% with respect to the first mixture; the at least one crosslinker has a weight percentage in the range of 0.2-0.25% with respect to the first mixture; and the at least one initiator has a weight percentage in the range of 0.9-1.0% with respect to the first mixture.
• a process for preparing the polymer comprising: (a) dissolving at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one crosslinker and at least one initiator in at least one solvent to obtain a first mixture; (b) heating the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; (c) adding at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, at least one crosslinker, at least one initiator with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; and (d) heating the third mixture to obtain the polymer, wherein the at least one alkyl acrylate has a weight percentage in the range of 45-55% with respect to the first mixture; the at least one crosslinker has a weight percentage in the range of 0.1-1.0% with respect to the first mixture; and the at least one initiator has a weight percentage in the range of 0.7-1.2% with respect to the first mixture.
• a process for preparing the polymer as disclosed herein wherein heating the first mixture is done at a temperature in the range of 80-120° C. for a time period in the range of 2-4 hours.
• a process for preparing the polymer as disclosed herein wherein heating the first mixture is done at a temperature in the range of 90-110° C. for a time period in the range of 2.5-3.5 hours.
• a process for preparing the polymer as disclosed herein wherein heating the first mixture is done at a temperature of 100° C. for a time period of 3.0 hours.
• a process for preparing the polymer comprising: (a) dissolving at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one crosslinker and at least one initiator in at least one solvent to obtain a first mixture; (b) heating the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; (c) adding at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, at least one crosslinker, at least one initiator with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; and (d) heating the third mixture to obtain the polymer and wherein heating the first mixture is done at a temperature in the range of 80-120° C. for a time period in the range of 2-4 hours.
• a process for preparing the polymer comprising: (a) dissolving at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one crosslinker and at least one initiator in at least one solvent to obtain a first mixture; (b) heating the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; (c) adding at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, at least one crosslinker, at least one initiator with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; and (d) heating the third mixture to obtain the polymer and wherein the at least one alkyl acrylate has a weight percentage in the range of 45-55% with respect to the first mixture; the at least one crosslinker has a weight percentage in the range of 0.1-1.0% with respect to the first mixture; and the at least one initiator has a weight percentage in the range of 0.7-1.2% with respect to the first mixture and wherein heating the first mixture is done at a temperature in the range of 80-120° C. for a time period in the
• the at least one alkyl acrylate has a weight percentage in the range of 15-32% with respect to the second mixture; the at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon has weight percentage in the range of 23-28% with respect to the second mixture; the at least one crosslinker has weight percentage in the range of 0.1-1.5% with respect to the second mixture; and the at least one initiator has weight percentage in the range of 0.8-1.3% with respect to the second mixture.
• the at least one alkyl acrylate has a weight percentage in the range of 20-28% with respect to the second mixture; the at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon has weight percentage in the range of 24-26% with respect to the second mixture; the at least one crosslinker has weight percentage in the range of 0.2-1.0% with respect to the second mixture; and the at least one initiator has weight percentage in the range of 0.8-1.0% with respect to the second mixture.
• a process for provided a process for preparing the polymer as disclosed herein wherein the at least one alkyl acrylate has a weight percentage in the range of 24-25% with respect to the second mixture; the at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon has weight percentage in the range of 24-25% with respect to the second mixture; the at least one crosslinker has weight percentage in the range of 0.2-0.25% with respect to the second mixture; and the at least one initiator has weight percentage in the range of 0.9-1.0% with respect to the second mixture.
• a process for preparing the polymer comprising: (a) dissolving at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one crosslinker and at least one initiator in at least one solvent to obtain a first mixture; (b) heating the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; (c) adding at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, at least one crosslinker, at least one initiator with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; and (d) heating the third mixture to obtain the polymer and wherein the at least one alkyl acrylate has a weight percentage in the range of 15-32% with respect to the second mixture; the at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon has weight percentage in the range of 23-28% with respect to the second mixture; the at least one crosslinker has weight percentage in the range of 0.1-1.5% with respect to the second mixture; and the at least one initiator has weight percentage in the range of 0.8-1.3% with respect to the second mixture.
• thermoforming the polymer as disclosed herein wherein heating the third mixture is carried out at a temperature in the range of 80-120° C. for a time period in the range of 2-4 hours.
• a process for preparing the polymer as disclosed herein wherein heating the third mixture is carried out at a temperature in the range of 90-110° C. for a time period in the range of 2.5-3.5 hours.
• heating the third mixture is carried out at a temperature of 100° C. for a time period of 3 hours.
• a process for preparing the polymer comprising: (a) dissolving at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one crosslinker and at least one initiator in at least one solvent to obtain a first mixture; (b) heating the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; (c) adding at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, at least one crosslinker, at least one initiator with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; and (d) heating the third mixture to obtain the polymer and wherein heating the third mixture is carried out at a temperature in the range of 80-120° C. for a time period in the range of 2-4 hours.
• a process for preparing the polymer as disclosed herein wherein heating the third mixture is followed by termination with exposure to air to obtain the polymer.
• a process for preparing the polymer as disclosed herein wherein heating the third mixture is followed by termination in the presence of at least one terminator selected from methanol, ethanol, water, isopropanol and combinations thereof with exposure to air to obtain the polymer.
• a process for preparing the polymer comprising: (a) dissolving at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one crosslinker and at least one initiator in at least one solvent to obtain a first mixture; (b) heating the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; (c) adding at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, at least one crosslinker, at least one initiator with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; and (d) heating the third mixture to obtain the polymer and wherein heating the third mixture is followed by termination with exposure to air to obtain the polymer.
• a process for preparing the polymer comprising: (a) dissolving at least one alkyl acrylate having weight percentage in the range of 45-55%, at least one crosslinker having a weight percentage in the range of 0.1-1.0% and at least one initiator a weight percentage in the range of 0.7-1.2% in at least one solvent selected from a group consisting of xylene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and combinations thereof to obtain a first mixture; (b) heating the first mixture at a temperature in the range of 80-120° C.
• a process for preparing the polymer comprising: (a) dissolving at least one alkyl acrylate having weight percentage in the range of 45-55%, at least one crosslinker having a weight percentage in the range of 0.1-1.0% and at least one initiator a weight percentage in the range of 0.7-1.2% in at least one solvent selected from a group consisting of xylene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and combinations thereof to obtain a first mixture; (b) heating the first mixture at a temperature in the range of 80-120° C.
• the at least one alkyl acrylate is selected from the group consisting of octadecyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, ethylhexyl acrylate, behenyl acrylate, eicosyl acrylate, and combinations thereof;
• the at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of styrene, vinyl naphthalene, vinyl anthracene, allyl benzene, methyl styrene, and combinations thereof;
• the at least one crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadiene, diallyl ether, divinyl benzene, divinyl ether, and combinations thereof; and the at least one initiator is selected from the group consisting of benzoylhydroperoxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, tert but
• a process for preparing the polymer comprising: (a) dissolving at least one alkyl acrylate having weight percentage in the range of 48-49%, at least one crosslinker having a weight percentage in the range of 0.2-0.25% and at least one initiator a weight percentage in the range of 0.9-1.0% in at least one solvent selected from a group consisting of xylene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and combinations thereof to obtain a first mixture; (b) heating the first mixture at a temperature of 100° C.
• the polymer wherein the at least one alkyl acrylate is octadecyl acrylate; the at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon is styrene; the at least one crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadiene, diallyl ether, and combinations thereof and the at least one initiator is selected from the group consisting of benzoylhydroperoxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, tert butyl hydroperoxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and combinations thereof.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil comprising: a) obtaining a feed and at least one solvent; b) contacting the feed, the at least one solvent and the polymer for dewaxing to obtain a blend; c) processing the blend to obtain wax and dewaxed oil; wherein the polymer is in the weight percentage in the range of 0.08-0.12% with respect to the feed.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil comprising: a) obtaining a feed and at least one solvent; b) contacting the feed, the at least one solvent and the polymer having a number average molecular weight in the range of 5000-15000 derived from (i) 70-77 weight percentage of at least one alkyl acrylate; (ii) 23-28 weight percentage of at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon; (iii) 0.1-2.5 weight percentage of at least one crosslinker; and (iv) 0.75-2.5 weight percentage of at least one initiator, for dewaxing to obtain a blend; c) processing the blend to obtain wax and dewaxed oil; and wherein the polymer is in the weight percentage in the range of 0.08-0.12% with respect to the feed.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil as disclosed herein wherein the feed is selected from the group consisting of petroleum oil, lubricating oil, atmospheric residue, various cuts of vacuum distillation column, light vacuum gas oil, heavy vacuum gas oil, heavy residue oil, and wherein the at least one solvent is selected from a group consisting of methyl ethyl ketone, hexane, methyl isobutyl ketone, propane, petroleum naphtha, ethylene dichloride, methylene chloride, sulphur dioxide and combinations thereof.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil comprising: a) obtaining a feed selected from the group consisting of petroleum oil, lubricating oil, atmospheric residue, various cuts of vacuum distillation column, light vacuum gas oil, heavy vacuum gas oil, heavy residue oil and at least one solvent selected from a group consisting of methyl ethyl ketone, hexane, methyl isobutyl ketone, propane, petroleum naphtha, ethylene dichloride, methylene chloride, sulphur dioxide and combinations thereof; b) contacting the feed, the at least one solvent and the polymer for dewaxing to obtain a blend; c) processing the blend to obtain wax and dewaxed oil; wherein the polymer is in the weight percentage in the range of 0.08-0.12% with respect to the feed.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil as disclosed herein wherein the at least one solvent is selected from a group consisting of methyl ethyl ketone, hexane, methyl isobutyl ketone, propane, petroleum naphtha, ethylene dichloride, methylene chloride, sulphur dioxide and combinations thereof.
• the at least one solvent is selected from a group consisting of methyl ethyl ketone, hexane, and combinations thereof.
• the at least one solvent is 1:1 of methyl ethyl ketone and hexane.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil as disclosed herein wherein contacting the feed with the at least one solvent is in the ratio range of 1:1 to 1:4.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil as disclosed herein wherein contacting the feed with the at least one solvent is in the ratio range of 1:1.5 to 1:3.5.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil as disclosed herein wherein contacting the feed with the at least one solvent is in the ratio range of 1:2 to 1:3.2.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil as disclosed herein wherein contacting the feed with the at least one solvent is in the ratio of 1:3.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil as disclosed herein wherein processing the blend is facilitated by processes selected from the group consisting of heating, cooling, filtering, and combinations thereof.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil comprising: a) obtaining a feed and at least one solvent; b) contacting the feed, the at least one solvent and the polymer for dewaxing to obtain a blend; c) processing the blend facilitated by processes selected from the group consisting of heating, cooling, filtering, and combinations thereof to obtain wax and dewaxed oil; wherein the polymer is in the weight percentage in the range of 0.08-0.12% with respect to the feed.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil as disclosed herein wherein heating is carried out at a temperature in the range of 60 to 90° C. for a time period in a range of 20 to 30 minutes; wherein cooling is carried out at a temperature in the range of ⁇ 10° C. to ⁇ 40° C.; and wherein filtering is done at a pressure in the range of 100-300 mmHg.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil as disclosed herein wherein processing the blend is facilitated by processes selected from the group consisting of heating, cooling, filtering, and combinations thereof and wherein heating is carried out at a temperature in the range of 60 to 90° C. for a time period in a range of 20 to 30 minutes; wherein cooling is carried out at a temperature in the range of ⁇ 10° C. to ⁇ 40° C.; and wherein filtering is done at a pressure in the range of 100-300 mmHg.
• pour point of the dewaxed oil is in the temperature range of 3° C. to ⁇ 20° C.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil as disclosed herein wherein the dewaxed oil is filtered at a time period in the range of 30-70 seconds/200 ml feed.
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil comprising: a) obtaining a feed selected from the group consisting of petroleum oil, lubricating oil, atmospheric residue, various cuts of vacuum distillation column, light vacuum gas oil, heavy vacuum gas oil, heavy residue oil and at least one solvent selected from a group consisting of methyl ethyl ketone, hexane, methyl isobutyl ketone, propane, petroleum naphtha, ethylene dichloride, methylene chloride, sulphur dioxide and combinations thereof; b) contacting the feed, the at least one solvent and the polymer for dewaxing to obtain a blend; c) processing the blend facilitated by processes selected from the group consisting of heating, cooling, filtering, and combinations thereof to obtain wax and dewaxed oil; wherein the polymer is in the weight percentage in the range of 0.08-0.12% with respect to the feed and wherein contacting the feed with the at least one solvent is in
• a method for dewaxing the lubricating oil comprising: a) obtaining a feed selected from the group consisting of petroleum oil, lubricating oil, atmospheric residue, various cuts of vacuum distillation column, light vacuum gas oil, heavy vacuum gas oil, heavy residue oil and at least one solvent selected from a group consisting of methyl ethyl ketone, hexane, methyl isobutyl ketone, propane, petroleum naphtha, ethylene dichloride, methylene chloride, sulphur dioxide and combinations thereof; b) contacting the feed, the at least one solvent and the polymer having a number average molecular weight in the range of 5000-15000 derived from (i) 70-77 weight percentage of at least one alkyl acrylate; (ii) 23-28 weight percentage of at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon; (iii) 0.1-2.5 weight percentage of at least one crosslinker; and (iv) 0.75-2.5 weight percentage of
• the crosslinked polymer was derived from alkyl acrylate, vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, crosslinker and an initiator.
• the weight percentages of these components were suitably chosen to prepare the crosslinked polymer.
• the preparation of the crosslinked polymer is a sequential preparation process and any change in the sequence would not result in a desired crosslinked polymer. Accordingly, the preparation process was identified and is explained herein.
• the crosslinked polymer of the present disclosure was derived from (a) 70-77 weight percentage of at least one alkyl acrylate; (b) 23-28 weight percentage of at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon; (c) 0.1-2.5 weight percentage of at least one crosslinker; and (d) 0.75-2.5 weight percentage of at least one initiator and the polymer has a number average molecular weight in the range of 5000-15000.
• the usage of cross-linker in the process of preparation of the cross-linked polymer is critical to the invention.
• Polymer 1 was prepared by the process as explained below. Octadecyl acrylate (49.02 wt %) was taken in a three necked RB flask and then, benzoyl peroxide (0.98 wt %) in xylenes solution was injected to obtain the first mixture. The flask was dipped into an oil bath which was at 100° C. and the first mixture was stirred mechanically for 3 hours to obtain a second mixture.
• Crosslinked Polymer 4 The process for preparing the crosslinked polymer 4 is described below. Octadecyl acrylate (44.6 wt %), cyclopentadiene (4.5 wt %) were taken in a three necked RB and then, benzoyl peroxide (0.9 wt %) in xylenes solution was injected to obtain a first mixture. The flask containing the first mixture was dipped into an oil bath heated at a temperature of 100° C. and allowed to mechanical stirring for 3 hours to obtain a second mixture.
• Crosslinked Polymer 5 The process for preparing the crosslinked polymer 5 is described below. Octadecyl acrylate (44.6 wt %), diallyl ether (4.5 wt %) were taken in a three necked RB and then, benzoyl peroxide (0.9 wt %) in xylenes solution was injected to obtain a first mixture. The flask containing the first mixture was dipped into an oil bath heated at a temperature of 100° C. and allowed to mechanical stirring for 3 hours to obtain a second mixture.
• the crosslinked polymers 4 and 5 were considered as non-working examples. It can be observed that, the weight percentages of the alkyl acrylate, crosslinker and the vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon fell outside the ranges as disclosed herein. And these polymers were insoluble in xylene mass and hence cannot be used for the dewaxing process. Thus, this indicated that all the components should be within the ranges disclosed herein for obtaining crosslinked polymer of the present disclosure. Any deviation in the weight percentages would not result in the desired crosslinked polymer for the dewaxing process.
• the preparation process of polymer 6 is explained herein. Octadecyl acrylate (75 wt %), styrene (25 wt %) and benzoyl peroxide (2 wt %) in xylenes solution was mixed and stirred continuously for 3 hours at 100° C. Then, the polymerization was terminated by the drop wise addition of 0.5 mL of methanol and exposed to the air. The polymer 6 obtained was used for the dewaxing process.
• the method for dewaxing the lubricating oil of the present disclosure comprised the following steps.
• a feed selected from the group consisting of petroleum oil, lubricating oil, atmospheric residue, various cuts of vacuum distillation column, light vacuum gas oil, heavy vacuum gas oil, heavy residue oil was mixed with at least one solvent selected from methyl ethyl ketone, hexane, methyl isobutyl ketone, propane, petroleum naphtha, ethylene dichloride, methylene chloride, sulphur dioxide and combinations thereof along with the polymers from Example 1 to obtain a blend.
• the polymer was added in the weight percentage in the range of 0.08-0.12% with respect to the feed and whereas the feed to solvent were taken in the ratio range of 1:1 to 1:4.
• the blend was then subjected to processing to obtain wax and dewaxed oil.
• the crosslinked polymers 2 and 3 resulted in an efficient dewaxing process.
• the wax layer got separated and the separation of dewaxed oil from the feed was found to be faster i.e., 65 and 44 seconds for crosslinked polymers 2 and 3 respectively.
• the yield of the dewaxed oil was higher of about 70-71% with respect to the feed.
• the pour points of the dewaxed oil were ⁇ 10° C. and ⁇ 9° C. for crosslinked polymers 2 and 3 respectively and were found to be competitive.
• the crosslinked polymers 2 and 3 are considered working examples of the present disclosure, which could efficiently aid the dewaxing process.
• the crosslinked polymers 2 and 3 had all components within the disclosed range and were prepared by the process exemplified in the present disclosure.
• the polymer 1 is not cross-linked as it did not contain any crosslinker, hence the polymer when used in the dewaxing process was unable to efficiently dewax the feed.
• the crosslinker in the polymer is vital as it increases the nucleation rate in the wax crystal formation, thereby enhancing the process of separation of wax. And the absence of such crosslinkers in the polymer ended in undesired results with no or little wax separation and a higher time for oil separation.
• polymer 6 also did not result in dewaxed oil.
• the process of preparing the crosslinked polymer of the present disclosure involved the processes of obtaining first, second and third mixtures and then the polymer and is a two-step polymerization process. But the polymer 6 was prepared in a single step and did not involve the preparation of first, second and third mixtures as disclosed in the present disclosure. Thus, the polymer 6 was prepared by a process deviated from the process as disclosed herein. And, this clearly indicated that any deviation in the process of preparing the crosslinked polymer will not yield desired dewaxing process.
• the crosslinked polymer for dewaxing should have components and its weight percentages in the ranges as disclosed herein and prepared by the process as disclosed herein. Any deviation in the components, weight percentages, or the preparation process, results in undesired crosslinked polymer or incompetent dewaxing process.
• the present disclosure provides a crosslinked polymer for dewaxing process derived from (a) 70-77 weight percentage of at least one alkyl acrylate; (b) 23-28 weight percentage of at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon; (c) 0.1-2.5 weight percentage of at least one crosslinker; and (d) 0.75-2.5 weight percentage of at least one initiator.
• the crosslinked polymer of the present disclosure has a number average molecular weight in the range of 5000-15000.
• the present disclosure also provides a process for preparing the polymer, the process comprising: (a) dissolving at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one crosslinker and at least one initiator in at least one solvent to obtain a first mixture; (b) heating the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; (c) adding at least one alkyl acrylate, at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, at least one crosslinker, at least one initiator with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; and (d) heating the third mixture to obtain the polymer.
• the present disclosure also provides for a method for dewaxing the feed using the crosslinked polymer of the present disclosure.
• the present disclosure results in the yield of the dewaxed oil in the range of 65-85% with respect to the feed.
• the present disclosure results in the dewaxed oil with pour point in the range of 3° C. to ⁇ 20° C.

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