US120978A - Improvement in methods of compressing and liquefying nitrous oxide and other gases - Google Patents

Improvement in methods of compressing and liquefying nitrous oxide and other gases Download PDF

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Publication number
US120978A
US120978A US120978DA US120978A US 120978 A US120978 A US 120978A US 120978D A US120978D A US 120978DA US 120978 A US120978 A US 120978A
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Prior art keywords
liquefying
gases
compressing
improvement
methods
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0121—Propulsion of the fluid by gravity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0192—Propulsion of the fluid by using a working fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/01—Intermediate tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure

Definitions

  • the essential parts of this apparatus are, irst, a hydraulic pump; second, one or more strong tanks, third, a receiver or bottle into Which the product of the apparatus is collected.
  • B is thehydraulic pump 5 A and G', strong tanks, of which G is much the stronger.
  • H' is a receivingloottle or tank connected With G.
  • O is a pipe connecting pump B with tank A.
  • N is a pipe connecting G with pump B.
  • D, F, and G are stop-valves.
  • K is a glass gauge-pipe.
  • M is a safetyevalve.
  • L is a valve through which gas is admitted intoA the apparatus.
  • E is a pipe closed by the stop-cock, from which the tank 'can be emptied. Of course such liquid will be used in transmitting the pressure as Will be least operated upon by the. corrosive powers of the material compressed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)

Description

WILBUB F. JOHNSTON AND WILLIAM A.VJOHNSTON, OF BROOKLYN, Y.
IIVIPHVEMENT IN IVIETHUDS UF CONIPRESSING AND LIQUEFYING NITHUS XIDE AND OTHER GASES.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. l20,978,74dated November 14, 1871.
To all whom t may concern:
Be it knownthat we, WILBUR-F. JOHNSTON and WILLIAM: A. JOHNSTON, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Gas-Liquefying Apparatus, of Which the following is a specication:
The essential parts of this apparatus are, irst, a hydraulic pump; second, one or more strong tanks, third, a receiver or bottle into Which the product of the apparatus is collected.
In the annexed drawing, B is thehydraulic pump 5 A and G', strong tanks, of which G is much the stronger. H'is a recevingloottle or tank connected With G. O is a pipe connecting pump B with tank A. N is a pipe connecting G with pump B. D, F, and G are stop-valves. K is a glass gauge-pipe. M is a safetyevalve. L is a valve through which gas is admitted intoA the apparatus. E is a pipe closed by the stop-cock, from which the tank 'can be emptied. Of course such liquid will be used in transmitting the pressure as Will be least operated upon by the. corrosive powers of the material compressed.
In liquefying nitrous-oxide gas We rst fill both v tanks A and G and all the pipes With Water for the purpose of expelling the air from them. We next admit nitrous-oxide gas through L, at the same time letting olf the Water from both tanks through E. When A and G are filled with gas we close L, E, and F,'and at the same time open D and G and set the hydraulic pump in motion. As the tank A is filled with water the gas is forced-through G into the tank G', which is very much smaller than A. We then close D and G and open F. The pump still ruiming, the Water is forced through N into GJ, Which Will stand a much greater strain than could be safely borne by tank A. The gas is still forced before the Water until it is shown in the glass tube K. Then the stop-cock I is opened, and the gas soon fills the bottle H, When I is again closed. The operation may noW be again repeated, after irst filling the apparatus With Water.
By the use of a hydraulic pump We avoid the diculty that continually arises Where compres sion is attempted by an air-pump. We also gain greatly in speed and efficiency of operation. By making use of tWo or more tanks instead of one large one We secure great economy of construction, as it would be enormously expensive, if not impossible, to make a tank capable of holding one or more hundred gallons and still of sufficient strength to stand the strain needful for the completion of the process of liquefaction.
We claim- 1. The combination of a hydraulic pump with one or more tanks, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.
2. In apparatus for condensing gas or eeriform matter, the use of a series of tanks of varying strength, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
W. F. JOHNSTON. W. A. JOHNSTON. Witnesses:
D. D. WHITNEY,
J. C. WHITNEY. (46)
US120978D Improvement in methods of compressing and liquefying nitrous oxide and other gases Expired - Lifetime US120978A (en)

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