US1197574A

US1197574A - Automatic musical instrument.

Info

Publication number: US1197574A
Application number: US6039215A
Authority: US
Inventors: Heinrich Bockisch
Original assignee: Welte & Sons M
Current assignee: M Welte & Sons; Welte & Sons M
Priority date: 1915-11-08
Filing date: 1915-11-08
Publication date: 1916-09-05
Anticipated expiration: 1933-09-05

Description

H. BOCKISCH.

AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1915.

Patented Sept. 5, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- H. BOCKISCH.

AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 8, mm.

1,197,574, Patented Sept. 5,1916.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HEINRICH BOGKISCH, OF POUG-HKEEPSIE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO M. WELTE & SONS, OF NEW YORK, N. 2., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 5, 1916.

Application filed November 8, 1915. Serial No. 60,392.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Hnmuron BOCKISOI-I, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, residing at Poughkeepsie, in the county of Dutchess and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Musical Instruments, of which the following is a specification.

The automatic mechanism forming the essence of the present invention may be very usefully employed or embodied in, or in connection with, an organ, orchestrion or other like instrument having tone-emitting lements for manual scales and pedal scales, its employment in such case being as a means for selectively operating the toneemitting elements so that the tones emitted will be manual tones alone, pedal tones alone, or both manual and pedal tones together, in any of the infinite variety of combinations of manual and pedal tones necessary to the proper playing of musical compositions.

In the production of organ compositions, the manual scales as well as the pedal scales should be operable independently each from the other. This permits, for example, the playing of a chord on a very soft stopas violinon the first manual, while at the same time a soloin a different tone color, as

oboeis being played on the second manual and a very deep soft note on a 16 foot bourdon is being sounded in the pedal.

The provision of each manual and pedal scale with a separate series of tone-ducts would necessitate. a great number of such ducts and the operating element (hereinafter called record) for opening and closing the ducts would have to be correspondingly large. I would have it understood that any suitable record may be employed, and that the term record wherever used in the description or claims forming part of this application is intended generically to refer to any suitable element for opening and closing the ducts. If this record he a paper perforated music roll, as preferred, its increased size wouldlay it open to serious objections owing to its susceptibility to atinospheric changes, difliculties of storage and handling: and a cylinder with projections for opening the ducts also would be objectionable, if large.

One of the important purposes of the presentinvention, therefore, is to provide an automatic musical instrument with mechanism whereby a plurality'of tone-emitting elements may be controlled from a common tone-duct, the said mechanism being of a selective natur such that either of the tone emitting elements controlled fromthe common duct may be sounded alone or they may be sounded together, at will, the se-' element were provided with a separate tone 1 duct.

Another of the important objects of the invention is to accomplish the hereinbefore stated purpose by a pneumatic mechanism of simple and practicable nature.

These stated purposes or objects and others which will be apparent to those familiar with the present invention and the art to which it has reference, are secured by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic View showing a preferred form of the present invention, partly in section and partly in elevation; Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic representation with parts in perspective and section. Fig. 3 is a detail representation of a perforated note sheet and part of a tracker board, the note sheet having note perforations and control apertures so correlated that certain notes will be sounded in the manual scale only while other notes will be sounded in both the manual and pedal scales; Fig. 4: is a like view of the same parts showing a correlation of note perforations and control apertures such that certain notes will be sounded in the manual scale only and other notes in the pedal scale only; Fig. 5 also is a like view of the same parts but shows a correlation of note perforations and control apertures such that various effects are produced.

Similar characters of reference denote corresponding parts in the several views.

A and B designate portions of the wind chest for manual notes and pedal notes, respectively. These portions are provided with chambers, marked a and b, respectively, to which the tone-emitting elements G and D are connected. Organ pipes are a desirable form of such tone-emitting elements and hence have been selected, merely, however, to exemplify this particular part of the invention. There are a series of toneemitting elements connected with each chamber a and .7), each element giving forth a different note and each series forming a scale or set. When, as in an organ, orches trion or the like, it is desired to embody in the instrument a plurality or series of toneproducing elements giving forth different qualities of tone of the same note, it is pre ferred, as is usual in organs, to provide each portion A and B of the wind chest with a plurality of chambers corresponding in number with the number of the qualities of tones which are to be produced. To exemplify this, the portion A of the wind chest appropriated to the manual notes or effects is shown as having two chambers, a and m in addition to the chamber a, and each of said chambers, in practice, has connection with a series of tone-emitting elements (0 and C which form parts of the manual scale and are preferably so arranged that those elements which emit different qualities of tone of the same note will be in line with each other but connected to the different chambers, as shown. Similarly, the portion B of the wind chest appropriated to the pedal notes or effects is, for the sake of example, illustrated as having two chambers, I) and Z), provided with two lines of tone-emitting elements (D and D) of different qualities of tone, forming parts of the pedal scale. The same lineal arrangement of the elements giving forth different qualities of tones of the same notes, eX- plained with reference to the portion A, is illustrated with respect to the portion B.

The connection between each chamber and the tone-emitting elements associated therewith includes a valve of any suitable style for each tone-emitting element. Each valve is marked 10 in the acompanying drawing. These valves open and close pas sages 11 between the chambers and the respective tone-emitting elements. The valves for the elements emitting different qualities of tones of the same note are connected with each other, preferably by rods 12, as shown, having springs 13 for closing the valves. A mechanism, hereinafter described, is provided for opening the valves against the action of these springs.

The chambers a, a, a 6, 7) are connected with a suitable source of supply of air under pressure and have valves l l suitably operated to admit the air to the respective chambers. In the ordinary hunmanly played organ, these valves 14: are connected with the stops of the organ. In the present instance, they are operated automatically but the particularly means for this purpose forms no essential part of the present invention and for this reason is not illustrated or described herein. A suitable arrangement for operating the valves l-lis illustrated in my application numbered, serially 60,39l and filed of even date herewith.

The tone ducts are designated 20. These ducts have connection with the valves 10, through intervening mechanism which forms the essence of the present invention. Their mouths preferably are arranged in a tracker board E, such as is commonly employed in automatic musical instruments, and for opening and closing them I prefer to use a perforated music roll, as shown at E.

In this invention, certain of the ducts 20 are common to valves 10 of both portions A and B of the chest. For example, if the manual chest A has tone-emitting elements ranging through a scale of sixty-one (61) notes and the pedal chest 13 has tone-emitting elements ranging through a scale of thirty (80) notes additional to those of the manual chest, the ducts 20 for the lowest thirty notes of the manual scal will be employed for the pedal scale also, the remaining thirty-one notes of the manual scale having a separate duct for each such note. As this invention is concerned only with the scale having ducts common to a plurality of notes, it is considered to be unnecessary to illustrate or to further refer to provision for causing the sounding of the additional notes which may be employed in said manual scale.

The mechanism connecting the ducts 20 with the valves 10 include a set of valveoperating pneumatics, as 31f, for the manual effects, a second set of valve operating pneumatics, as l-lc, for the pedal effects, and connections between the respective sets of pneumatics and the valves 10. The connections include sets of elements, hereinafter called sticks, 36 and l6 of any suitable nature and these sets of elements and the sets of pneumatics, respectively, are relatively movable into and out of operative relation with each other selectively in a manner which causes the tone-emitting elements of either the manual effects or the pedal effects alone to speak, or said elements of both effects to speak together. The invention includes means for accomplishing such movement automatically. The means preferred for automatically establishing or breaking the operative relation between the sets of pneumatics 34: and 44. and their respective sets of connections to the valves operated by the latter, comprise primary pneumatics J and K for the manual effects and pedal elfects respectively. Preferably, it is the valve-operating connections, rather than the valve-operating pneumatics which are movable in the establishing or breaking of the operative connection between the pneumatics and the valves, and in such case, the sets of

sticks

36 and 46 are preferably pivotally mounted to have lateral movement toward andaway from their respective sets of

pneumatics

34 and 44, and are connected to suitable means, as the hereinafter referred to

boards

55 and 56, for example, which are moved by or under control of suitable pneumatic motors, as the

bellows

61 and 62, for example, connected with the primary pneumatics J and K, respectively.

The

operating pneumatics

34 and 44 are operated by the opening and closing of the tone ducts 20, through suitable intermediate pneumatic connections therewith. These connections preferably include a member F having a series of chambers 23 provided with

ports

24 and 25 through which they have communication with sources of air at diilferent pressuresas air under suction and at atmospheric pressure, for examplethe said chambers having independently operable valves 27 which are operated or controlled by the opening and closing of the tone ducts 20 and open and close the

ports

24 and 25 alternately. I prefer to so arrange the parts that one set of sticks-the sticks 36, for examplewill be normally in operative relation with their respective operating pneumatics, while the other set of sticks will be normally out of operative relation with their respective pneumatics. When the parts are so arranged the chambers 23 will preferably have connection with both sets of

pneumatics

34 and 44 through pipes or

ducts

35 and 35 respectively. In such case, moreover, a second member G, which is preferably similar in construction to the member F and hence has its parts similarly designated, a channeled valved board 48 and pneumatics 52 are interposed in the connection between the sticks 46. and the rods 12 of the speaker valves 10 of the pedal chest, the pneumatics 52 serving as secondary operating pneumatics for the pedal valves 10. When the parts are so arranged the sticks 46 will operate valves 47 which control the admission of atmospheric air to the channels 49 of the board 48, the channels of said board having connection with the member G.

Having thus set forth the invention in a general way, I will now proceed to enter into a detailed explanation of the construction of parts selected to exemplify what I at present regard as being the preferred embodiment.

As already stated, the connections between the ducts 20 and the speaker valves 10 include two members-F and G. Each of these members may be of any approved nature and construction. The preferred form of each member F and G comprises a chest having a passage 21, on one side of which a series of chambers, 22, are arranged and on the opposite side of which a like series of chambers, 23, are disposed. The chambers 23 have communication with the passage 21 through ports 24 and also have ports 25 through which they have communication with an additional passage 26 provided in the chest, the said passage 26 containing air at a higher pressure from that in the passage 21. The

ports

24 and 25 of each chamber 23 are opened and closed by a valve 27, as already stated. Each valve has a stem 28 connected to a flexible membrane 29. These membranes are disposed between the respective chambers 22 and the passage 21 in position to be independently operated by the variations in pressure of the air in the chambers 22 and passage 21. The chambers 22 of the member F are severally connected to the ducts 20, which are shown as entering them below the membranes. They are also severally connected with the passage 21 by bleed holes 30. Accordingly, it will be noted that I have provided, in an inexpensive and practicable form, a member having a series of pneumatics including chambers 23 having ports (24 and 25) through which they severally have communication with passages containing air of relatively different pressures, alternately, the said chambers 23 having valves (27) which are moved to open or close the ports alternately, under control of predetermined variations in the pressure difference of air in one of said passages (as 21) and the chamber 22, and it will further be noted that this variation is in turn controlled by the opening and closing of the ducts 20 which, as already stated, may conveniently be effected by the utilization of a properly prepared music roll traveling over a tracker board. In practice, it is preferred to utilize in the passage 21, air at less than atmospheric pressure, and in such case the passage 26 will preferably contain air at atmospheric pressure, being, preferably, in the latter instance open to the atmosphere through the openings 31. For maintaining less than atmospheric pressure in the passage 21, I preferably connect said passage by a pipe 32 with a reservoir H in which a substantially constant suction is suitably maintained by means not necessary herein to illustrate.

The member G exemplified in the drawings is of construction similar to that of the member F and hence need not be described in detail, its several parts being given ref-' erence numbers corresponding to those applied to the member F. The passage 21 of the member G is connected with the suction reservoir H by a pipe 33.

The operating pneumatics 84 are preferably a series of bellows having communica tion with the chambers 23 of themember F, respectively, through passages Each stick 36 preferably has one of its ends pivoted to a member of a bell-crank lever 37 and its other end bent, as shown at 36, and arranged in the path of a projection 3% which protrudes from the movable board of the adjacent operating bellows. The other members of the bell crank levers 37 are preferably connected to the valve rods 12, respectively. The member F as already stated also has its chambers 23 severally connected with the second series of operating pneumatics 1+2, which preferably are in the form of bellows having projections li, the connection between the bellows and chambers 23 being preferably effected through the pipes 35. The projections 11 are arranged to engage bent ends 4:6 of the sticks 16. These sticks -16 are preferably connected to valves -il7 which severally control communication of the chambers 22 of the member G with the atmosphere. In the form herein shown, the valves 4-7 are associated with a board 4.8 having separate chambers or passages 19 provided with ducts at one end which are opened and closed-by the valves 17, respectively, and having at their other ends pipes or tubes by which they are respectively connected to the chambers 22 of the member G. The valves 47 are carried by spring arms 17, the resilience of which returns the sticks +16 to their raised positions and closes said valves while the operating pneumatics it are expanding and consequently have released the sticks.

The chambers 23 of the member G are severally connected, preferably by pipes 51, with a series of pneumatics, preferably bellows, 52, which in turn are connected to the respective rods 12 of the 'alves 10 of the pedal chest Bpreferably by rods 53 and belleranks 5 1.

As already stated, one set of sticks are normally in operative relation with their operating pneumatics, while the other set of sticks are normally out of operative relation with their operating pneumatics. In the illustrated exemplilication of the invention, the sticks 36 are normally in operative relation with the pneumatics 81 and the sticks 4:6 are normally out of operative relation with the pneumatics ll. The sets of sticks are respectively provided with means for moving them relatively to the respective operating pnemnatics, said means including movable elements, 55 and 56, which movable elements as previously stated are preferably boards, and the boards are provided with

apertures

55 and 56 through which the

sticks

36 and 16 respectively extend, said sticks being held in operative relation with the boards by

springs

55 and 56. These boards are moved automaticallyunder control of the music roll E, or other selected record-by what may be termed control pneumatics J and K, hereinafter referred to, for the pedal and manual effects, respectively. These pneumatics preferably include chambers 57 and 58, respectively connected with the suction chamber H, by pipes or passages 5'7 and 58. They also include chambers 59 and 60 respectively connected by pipes or passages 59 and (30 with bellows (31 and 62, or other suitable means which may be pneumatically operated to move the

boards

55 and 56, respectively. The movable boards of the bellows 61 and (32 are connected with the

boards

55 and 56, respectively, by links 61 and (32, and springs 61 and (32 are employed to move said boards in opposition to the bellows. The control pneumatics J and K are further provided, respectively, with chambers 63 and (it which are separated from the chambers 57 and 58 by

flexible membranes

65 and 66 and are provided with pipes or

passages

67 and 68 through which they may have communication with the atmosphere, these pipes preferably having their months in the tracker board E, so that they may be opened and closed by special apertures in the music roll. The

membranes

65 and 66 are connected to the stems 69 and 70 of valves 71 and 72 which are mounted in the chambers 59 and 60, respectively. The chamber 59 has openings 73 and 71 on opposite sides, and the chamber (30 has like openings, 75 and 76, on opposite sides. The openings 7-1 and 7 (3 are to the atmosphere and the openings 73 and 75 extend to the chambers 57 and 58. These openings are controlled by the valves 71 and 72. The chambers (53 and 6% are connected with the passages 57 and 58 by bleed holes 7 7 and 78.

Having thus set forth in detail, this preferred embodiment of the invention, I will now describe the operation thereof, as follows :As already stated, the ducts 20 are those which are common to both manual and pedal tones, the opening and closing of the ducts 67 and 6S determining whether the tones emitted are manual tones only, or pedal tones only, or both manual and pedal tones together. \Vhen the parts are arranged as herein shown, the tones of the manual only will speak when both ducts 67 and (38 are closed, as shown: it being noted that the sticks 86 are in position to be operated by the bellows 3-1 while the sticks 16 are in such relation to the bellows l-l that their bent ends 46 are outside the path of movement of the projections 44 from the bellows. If now a tone aperture of the music roll is brought into registration with a mouth of a duct 20, the latter will be opened, thus opening to the atmosphere the particular chamber 22 of the particular member F connected therewith. This will cause the particular membrane 29 which is influenced by the pressure in said chamber to raise and lift the valve 27 connected with the membrane, thereby establishing communication of the appropriate chamber 23 with the channel 21 and cutting off communication of said chamber with the atmosphere. The particular bellows 34 and 44 connected with the cham ber 23 whose valve has been thus raised, will now be collapsed, the collapsing of the bellows 34 actuating the corresponding stick 36 and thereby opening the valve or valves 10 connected with said arm; while the collap ing of the other bellows, 44, will have no effect upon the stick 46 associated therewith. As soon as the aperture in the music roll which caused this particular operation to take place has passed out of registration with the tracker-board duct, the chamber 22 is closed to the atmosphere, and the membrane 29 returns to its former position, where it remains until the chamber 22 is again opened to the atmosphere, the subnormal pressure which reaches the underside of the membrane through the bleed hole 30 assisting the force of gravity in keeping the membrane in this position, normally. It will be understood that the valve 27 connected with the membrane returns with the latter and closes communication between. its chamber 23 and the passage 21 and opens communication of said chamber with the atmosphere. Air at atmospheric pressure now enters the collapsed bellows 34 and 44 cansing the latter to expand and be ready for another operatlon.

hen both of the

ducts

67 and 68 are opened to the atmosphere (which occurs when special apertures in the music roll aresimultaneously in registration with the mouths of said ducts) thevpedal tones only will speak, for the reason that the valves 71 and 72 of both primary pneumatics J and K will be raised, thereby causing the

bellows

61 and 62 to collapse: the collapsing of the bellows 62 drawing the board 56 with it and this board moving the several sticks 46 into position such that their bent ends 46 will be in the path of movement of the projections 44 from the bellows 44, while the collapsing of the bellows 61 draws the board 55, the sticks 36 moving with said board out 01 operative relation with the bellows 34. Accordingly, the opening of any one of the ducts 20 will collapse the particular bellows 44 and 34 having connection therewith, the collapsing of the bellows 34 having no effect while the collapsing of the bellows 44 will cause the particular valve 47 connected therewith to be operated to open a channel 49, thereby opening to the atmosphere the particular chamber 22 of the chest G which i the suction reservoir H. This causes the.

particular bellows 52 which is connected with the particular chamber 23 referred to, to be collapsed and to operate the rod 12 connected with the particular valve or valves 10 opened by said bellows 52. If both manual and pedal tones are to be simultaneously emitted, the duct 68 only is opened through a special aperture in the music roll. This causes collapsing of the bellows 62 which moves the board 56 and consequently the sticks 46 into position such that their bent ends 46 will be in the paths of downward movement of the projections 44 whereby the operating of any one or more of

corresponding bellows

34 and 44, will operate corresponding

sticks

36 and 46, and open corresponding valves 10, it being remembered that the sticks 36 are normally in the paths of downward movement of the projections 34 respectively. The duct 67 is never open alone. When both of the special apertures of the music roll which caused this operation have passed out of registration with the special ducts of the tracker board, the valves of the primary pneumatics J and K return to their former positions, thereby causing air to be admitted to the collapsed bellows 61 and 62, the

springs

61 and 62 assisting the entering air to expand said bellows and to return the

boards

55 and 56 to the position shown in the drawings. It should be noted that the passing of the special apertures of the music roll out of registration with the special duct 67 or

ducts

67 and 68 can have no effect upon any operating bellows connected at that moment with an open tone duct or ducts 20, for the reason that said bellows will remain collapsed as long as their ducts are open, respectively. Accordingly, it will be apparent that while the closing of the special duct 68 or of both

ducts

67 and 68 will effect, corresponding movement of the board 56 or of both

boards

55 and 56 and of sticks which are associated with closed tone ducts, yet tones which at that moment are being sounded are unaffected because the bellows corresponding to the open tone ducts remain collapsed and hold their sticks against movement with their respective boards. When these tone ducts are again closed the corresponding bellows expand and release the sticks and the

springs

55 or 56 connecting the latter with the boards thereupon become operative to draw the sticks into operative relation with the boards. When the sticks have been released from their operating bellows they are automatically returned to their raised positions, the sticks 36 by the springs 13 and the sticks 46 by the "resilience of the arms 47.

In view of the fact that there can be no movement of the particular sticks 86 and 46 while their respective operating bellows 8i and it are engaged therewith and are under suction and hence collapsed, it follows that the opening or closing of control ducts has no effect on tones which at the moment of such opening or closing are being sounded. The opening or closing of control ducts, however, does effect the movement of sticks associated withbellows 3 land i l which are not under suction when said control ducts have been opened or closed. Hence by the use of a properly prepared record it is practicable to sound any note or notes of the pedal scale With any note or notes of the manual scale without affecting other notes already being played, and similarly other notes of either the pedal or manual scales may be introduced. For example, as exemplified by Figs. 3, 4 and 5, when a perforated music roll is utilized as the record, the

special perforations

67, 68 which control the

ducts

67 and 68 act only in relation to those tones which are controlled by note perforations 2O whose forward ends are substantially in line with the rear ends of the control apertures: that is to say, only those corresponding tones controlled by the perforations, 20 are sounded simultaneously in both the pedal and manual scales, when the control duct 67 is open and the control duct 68 is closed, as exemplified by Figs. 3 and 5, the tones controlled by the other perforations, 20*, whether the latter be already in registration with respective tone-ducts 20 or later come into registration with ducts while the perforation 20 is in registration with a duct 20, sounding only in the manual scale: and similarly, as exemplified by Figs. 4: and 5, only those corresponding tones controlled by perforations 20 are sounded in the pedal scale alone when both

control ducts

67 and 68 are open, the tones controlled by the note perforations 20" sounding only in the manual scale. It will be noted that the production of various effects are exemplified by Fig. 5, namely, the lowest right hand perforation 20 causes the sounding of a note in the manual alone and just before this is discontinued a chord consisting of six notes in the manual is introduced with two supporting notes in the pedal, the pedal notes corresponding with two of the notes sounding in the manual; this is followed by the discontinuance of five notes of the chord sounding in the manual and one of the corresponding notes of the pedal, the remaining note continuing to sound in both manual and pedal, unaffected by the opening of the two control ducts (37, (38, the opening of said control ducts similarly having no effect with respect to the two notes which are" caused to sound by the registration of the two note perforations 20 in the second line with their respective tone ducts, these two notes hence sounding in the manual alone while the one long note is continuing to sound in both pedal and manual; this in turn is followed by the discontinuance of the long note referred to in both pedal and manual and the introduction at or about the same time of a note in the pedal alonccontrolled by said opening of the two ducts (37, 68while the two notes previously referred to, related to the second line of note perforations are being sounded in the manual alone: this is succeeded by the discontinl'iance of the manual notes corresponding to the second line of perforations and the introduction of other manual notes alone, correspending to the third line of perforations, immediately before the sounding of the pedal note corresponding to the second line of note perforations ceases, and while these notes of the manual alone are still sounding an additional note is introduced which sounds in both the pedal and manual and while the latter is sounding another note in the manual only is introduced.

It will be understood of course that the length of the special control apertures should be such proportional to the speed of travel of the music roll and the inertia of the pneumatic valves and boards and 56that all the sticks which are not held by collapsed bellows will be promptly returned to their normal positions.

I would have it understood, among other things, that the invention may be embodied in an instrument having provision for playing it humanly as well as automatically, or may be embodied in an instrument confined to automatic playing and that in either case any suitable means for opening and closing the tone ducts may be employed, and that other tone-emitting elements, or speakers, than pipes may be used: and, further, that the parts may be arranged to be operated by air of other relatively different pressures than atmospheric or normal and less than atmospheric or subnormal: all without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the subjoined claims. I also would have it understood that while refer ence herein has been particularly made to an organ or the like having one manual scale and a pedal scale, the invention is in no wise restricted to two scales only, and that the claims whether referring to two scales or to a plurality of scalesare intended to include either two scales or more than two scales of tone-emitting elements: such additional scale or scales may be embodied merely by adding a control duct and a se ries of valve-operating pneumatics and connections between the latter and the tone-emitting elements, for each such additional scale, together with the necessary additional ele ments corresponding to those herein shown and described for accomplishing the necessary operations of the operatingpneumatics and adjustments of the connections. The operating characteristics of such additional scale or scales will preferably be similar to those described with relation to the pedal scale, that is to say, the sticks of the additional scale will normally be out of operative relation with their respective operating pneumatics. As it is apparent that such additional scale or scales are not only contemplated but may be provided by those skilled in the art and familiar with the present construction, it is considered to be unnecessary to illustrate or to set the same forth more particularly herein.

Having now described the invention what I believe to be new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communica tion with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including a series of operating pneu-.

matics for each scale of tone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respective operating pneumatics and toneemitting elements of each series, each of the said operating pneumatics and a member of its connection being relatively movable into or out of operative relation with each other independently of every other operating pneumatic and connection member, and record controlled means for causing such movement, whereby any one or more tones in either scale may be sounded alone or any one or more tones in one scale may be sounded in combination with any one or more of the tones in the other scale.

2. In a record controlled musical instru-' ment, the combination of a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of-either scale aloneor any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism includ ing a series of operating pneumatics for each scale of tone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respective operating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each series, each oi the said operating Pneumatics and a member of its connection being relatively movable into or out of operative relation with each other independently oi every other operating pneumatic and connection-member, control ducts the opening and closing of which controls such relative movement of the operating pneumatic s and their connection members, and a record for controlling the tone ducts and the control ducts.

In a record controlled n'iusical instrument, the combination of a plurality of series of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone-ducts, the said mechanism including a series of operating pneumatics for each scale of tone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respective operating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements, of each series, each of the said operating pneumatics and a member of its connection being relatively movable into or out of operative relation with each other independently of every other operating pneumatic and connection member, control ducts the opening and closing of which controls such relative movement of the operating pneumatics and their connection members and a note sheet having tone perforations and control apertures, said sheet being movable over the tone and control ducts and controlling the same.

4. In a record controlled musical instrument the combination of a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including a series of operating pneumatics for each,scale of tone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respective operating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each series, each of the said operating pneumatics and a member of its connection being relatively movable into or out of operative relation with each other independently of every other operating pneumatic and connection member, control ducts the opening and closing of which controls such relative movement of the operating pneumatics and their connection members, and a note sheet having tone perforations and control apertures, said sheet being movable over the tone and control ducts and controlling the same, the rear ends of the control apertures'being disposed substantially in line with the front ends of note perforations related to tones which are to be controlled by said apertures.

In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a. plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or noncorresponding elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including a series of operating pneumatics for each scale of tone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respective operating pneumatics and tone-emitting ele ments of each series, the latter connections including members which are movable into or out of operative relation with their respective operating pneumatics and are independently operated by the latter to control the operation of the respective tone-emitting elements.

6. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of: the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including a series of operating pneumatics for each scale of tone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respective opcrating pneumatics and tone-emittii'ig elements of each series, the latter connections including members which are movable into or out of operative relation with their re spcctive operating pnuematics and are independently operated by the latter to control the operation of the respective tone-emitting elements, and means for accomplishing the movement of each of the last named members at a. predetermined time with relation to the operation of the operating pneumatics.

7. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a plurality of scales of toueemitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of the toncemitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including a series of operating pneumatics for each scale of tone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respective op erating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each series, the latter connections including elements which are movable into or out of operative relation with their respective operating pneumatics and are independently operated by the latter to control the operation of the respective toneemitting elements; mechanism, including control ducts, for accomplishing the movement of the last named elements at a predetermined time with relation to the operation of the operating pneumatics, and a record having means for selectively opening and closing the tone ducts and also having means for opening and closing the control ducts severally, the last named means bearing a definite relationship to the first, such that the tone ducts related to tones which are to be sounded under control of said control duct or ducts will. be opened substantially at the moment that said control duct or ducts are closed.

8. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a plurality oil. scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including a series of operating pneumatics for each scale of tone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respective operating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each series, the latter connections including elements which are morable into or out of operative relation with their respective operating pneumatics and are independently operated by the latter to control the operation of the respective tone-emitting elements; mechanism, including control ducts, for accomplishing the movement of the last named QlGD'lO-lltS at a predetermined time with relation to the operation of the operating pneumatics, and a perforated music roll for selectively opening and closing the tone ducts, said roll also having apertures to register with the control ducts, the latter apertures being arranged withtheir rear ends substantially in line with the front ends of the perforations related to tones which are to be controlled.

9. A record controlled musical instrument comprising a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone ducts common to the scales of tone-emitting elements and mechanism to selectively operate predetermined elements of either scale alone or of both scales together from the series of tone ducts common to both scales, the said mechanism comprising a series of collapsible operating pneumatics for each scale, connections between the operating-pneumatics and the tone-ducts, connections between the operating pneumatics and the tone-emitting elements, respecducts common to the scales of tone-emitting elements and mechanism to selectively operate predetermined elements of either scale alone or of both scales together from the series of tone ducts common to both scales, the said mechanism comprising a series of collapsible operating pneumatics for each scale, connections between the operating pneumatics and the tone-ducts, connections between the operating pneumatics and the tone-emitting elements, respectively, the latter connections including a series of longitudinally movable, laterally movable members for each scale, a movable board for each series of said members, springs connecting the members with their boards, and automatically operable, pneumaticallycontrolled means for moving the boards independently of each other, the latter means including control ducts and means for opening and closing the control ducts at pre determined times with relation to the opening of tone ducts related to tones which are to be controlled.

11. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, .into' communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including sets of valve-operating pneumatics, sets of connections between the sets of pneumatics and the valves, means for operating the pneumatics and means for relatively moving the respective sets of operating pneumatics and connections selectively into and out of operative relation with each other.

12. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a plurality of scales of toneemitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of,

the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including sets of valve-operating pneumatics, sets of connections between the sets of pneumatics and the valves, means for operating the pneumatics and pneumatically controlled means for relatively moving the respective sets of operating pneumatics and connections selectively into and out of operative relation with each other.

13. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales, and mechanism to bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including a series of operating pneumatics for each scale of tone-emitting elements, op

erative connections between the respective operating pneumatics and toneemitting elements 01": each series, said connections including sticks, mechanism for operating the operating pneumatics, and means for relatively moving the sets of sticks and operating pneumatics, respectively, intoor out of operative relation with each other selectively.

14. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including a series of operating pneumatics for each scale of tone-emitting elements, operative' connections between the respective operating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each seris, said connections including sticks, mechanism for operating the operating pneumatics, and pneumatically controlled means for relatively moving the sets of sticks and operating pneumatics, respectively, into or out of operative relation with each other selectively.

15. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of toneducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales. together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism includ ing a series of operating pneumatics for each scale of tone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respective operating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each series, the said connections including sets of pivotally supported longitudinally movable sticks, means for operating the operating pneumatics, and means for'selectively moving the sets of sticks re.-

spectively pivotally into or out of operative relation with the sets of operating pneumatics.

16. A record controlled musical instrument, comprising tone-emitting elements, operating pneumatics, connections between the operating pneumatics and the tone-emitting elements, the said connections including members which are severally operable under control of the respective operating pneumatics and are movable relatively to the operating pneumatics into and out of operative relation with the latter, and means for moving the members relatively to the operating pneumatics, the said means including elements which move the members toward the operating pneumatics and the said members being further severally movable away from their respective operating pneumatics and toward said elements.

17. A record controlled musical instrument, comprising tone-emitting elements, operating pneumatics, tone ducts having connection with the operating pneumatics, connections between the operating pneu matics and the tone-emitting elements, the said connections including members which are mounted to be movable into and out of operative relation with the operating pneumatics, means for accomplishing such move ment of said members, the said members also being severally movable with their respective operating pneumatics and severally held against movement away from the respective operating pneumatics when the latter are in communication with open tone ducts.

18. A. record controlled musical instrument, comprising tone-emitting elements, expansible and collapsible operating pneu matics, 'connections between the operating pneumatics and the tone-emitting elements, the said connections including members which are severally movable longitudinally under control of the respective operating pneumatics and are severally movable laterally into and outlet operative relation with the latter, and means for moving the members relatively to the operating pneumatics, including elements which permit individual members to be held by their respective operating pneumatics when the latter are collapsed and accomplish their movement away from the operating pneumatics when said pneumatics are expanded.

19. A record controlled musical instrument comprising tone-emitting elements, expansible and collaspisble operating pneumatics,connections between the operating pneumatics and the tone-emitting elements, the said connections including members which are severally movable longitudinally under control of the respective operating pneumatics and are severally movable laterally lnto and out of operative relation with the latter and means for moving the members relatively to the operating pneumatics, the said moving means including movable boards and springs connecting the boards with said members.

20. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-eorrespending elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including a series of operating pneumatics for each scale of toneemitting elements, operative connections between the respective operating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each series, one set of connections including members which are normally in operative relation with a set of operating pneumatics and the other having a corresponding set of members which are normally out of operative relation with the other set of operating pneumatics, and means for severally moving the said sets of members into or out of operative relation with their respective sets of operating pneumatics.

21. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including a series of operating pneumatics for each scale of toneemitting elements, operative connections between the respective ope 'ating pneumatics and tonee1nitting elements of each series, one set of connections including members which are normally in operative relation with a set of operating pneumatics and the other having a corresponding set of members which are normally out of operative relation with the other set of operating pneumatics, primary pneumatics having means through which they may be vented severally 01' together, motors connected with the primary pneumatics, respectively, and connections between the motors and the said sets of members, whereby the members are moved relatively to their operating pneunatics.

2 In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including a series of operating pneumatics for each scale of tone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respective operating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each series, the said connections including longitudinally movable pivoted members, a movable board for moving each set of said members pivotally, springs connecting the members with their boards, and automatically operable pneumatically controlled means for moving the boards independently of each other.

23. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ducts common to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one or more of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including a series of operating pneumatics for each scale of tone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respective operating pneumatics and tone-emitting ele ments of each series, the said connections including sets of longitudinally movable.

pivoted members, moving boards for therespective sets of said members, springs for holding the members in operative relation with the boards, pneumatic motors having connection with the respective boards, springs acting in opposition to the motors, and means, including primary control valves, having connection with the respective motors for operating the same independently of each other to selectively move the sets of members respectively into or out of operative relation with the sets of operating pneumatics.

24. A record controlled musical instrument, comprising sets of valved tone-emitting elements, sets of operating pneumatics for the sets of tone-emitting elements, respectively, means having valved chambers each of which has communication with corresponding operating pneumatics of both sets, a set of connections between one set of operating pneumatics and the valves of one set of tone-emitting elements, means for automatically establishing or breaking the operative relation between said connections and their respective operating pneumatics, an additional set of operating pneumatics, connections between the latter and the valves of the other set of tone-emitting elements, means for operating the additional set of operating pneumatics, the latter means having connection to the other of the first mentioned set of'operating pneumatics, and means for establishing or breaking the last named connections.

25. A record controlled musical instrument, comprising sets of valved tone-emitting elements, a first and a second set of operating pneumatics for the sets of toneemitting elements, respectively, means provided with tone-ducts and having communication with both sets of operating pneumatics, whereby corresponding pneumatics of both sets will be operated when the toneduct associated therewith is opened or closed, first and second sets of valve-operating members associated with the sets of operating pneumatics respectively, the first set of said members being normally in operative relation with the first set of operating pneumatics and the second set of members being normally out of operative relation with the second set of pneumatics, means for selectively moving the respective sets of members and operating pneumatics into or out of operative relation with each other, means connecting the first set of members with the valves of one set of tone-emitting elements, and means connecting the second set of members with the valves of the other set of tone-emitting elements, the latter means including ducts having valves which %re connected with said second set of memers.

26. A record controlled musical instrument, comprising sets of valved tone-emitting elements, a first and a second set of operating pneumatics for the sets of toneemitting elements, respectively, means provided with tone-ducts and havmg communication with both sets of operating pneumatics, whereby corresponding pneumatics of both sets will be operated when .the toneduct associated therewith is opened or closed, a set of sticks for the first set of operating pneumatics, normally in operative relation therewith, connections between the said set of sticks and the valves of one set of tone-emitting elements, a set of sticks for the second set of operating pneumatics, normally out of operative relation therewith, connections between the second set of sticks and the valves of the other set of tone-emitting elements, the latter connections including a valved chest and a channeled board having connection with the chest and provided with ducts having valves respectively connected to said sticks, the sets of sticks be ing independently movable into and out of operative relation with the respective sets of operating pneumatics, and means for so of both sets will be operated when the toneduct associated therewith is opened or closed, a set of sticks for the first set of operating pneumatics, normally in operative relation therewith, connections between the said set 01 sticks and the valves of one set of tone-emitting elements, a set of sticks for the second set of operating pneumatics, normally out of operative relation therewith, connections between the second set of sticks and the valves of the other set of tone-emitting elements, the latter connections including a valved chest provided with ducts having valves respectively connected to said sticks, the sets of sticks being independently movable into and out of operative relation with the respective sets of operating pneumatics, and means for so moving them, com prising primary pneumatics having ducts the opening or closing of which controls the operation of the pneumatics, pneumatically operable motors connected with the primary pneumatics, respectively, and operative connections between the motors and the respective sets of sticks.

28. A record controlled musical instrument, connprising sets of valved tone-emitting elements, a first and a second set of operating pneumatics for the sets of tone-emitting elements, respectively, means provided with tone-ducts and having communication with both sets of operating pneumatics, whereby corresponding pneumatics of both sets will be operated when the tone-duct associated therewith is opened or closed, a set of pivotally and longitudinally movable sticks for the first set of operating pneumatics, normally in-operative relation therewith, connections between the said set of sticks and the valves of one set of tone-emitting elements, a set of pivotally and longitudinally movable sticks for the second set ol operating pneumatics, normally out of operative relation therewith, connections between the second set of sticks and the valves of the other set of tone-emitting elements, the latter connections including a valved Copies of this patent may be obtained for chest and a channeled board having connection with the chest and provided with ducts having valves respectively connected to said sticks, and mechanism for independently moving the respective sets of sticks pivotally, the said mechanism including a movable board for each set and means for moving said board automatically.

29. A record controlled musical instrument, comprising sets of valved tone-emitting elements, a first and. a second set of operating pneumatics for the sets of toneemitting elements, respectively, means provided with tone-ducts and having communication with both sets of operating pneumatics, whereby corresponding pneumatics of both sets will be operated when the tone-duct associated therewith is opened or closed, a set of pivotally and longitudinally movable sticks for the first set of operating pneumatics, normally in operative relation therewith, connections between the said set of sticks and the valves of one set of tone-emitting elements, a set of pivotally and longitudinally movable sticks for the second set of operating pneumatics, normally out of operative relation therewith, connections between the second set of sticks and the valves of the other set of tone-emitting elements, the latter connections including a valved chest and a channeled board having connect-ion with the chest and provided with ducts having valves respectively connected to said sticks, and mechanism for independently moving the respective sets of sticks pivotally, the said mechanism including a movable board for each set, springs connecting the sticks to the boards, and means for moving the boards, the last named means being controlled by the opening and closing of special control ducts.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

HEINRICH BOCKISCH. Witnesses MARIAN L. TIMMINS, J orIN Roan.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner 0! Patents. Washington, D. 0.?