US1194684A - trijssell - Google Patents

Description

C 0.1'RUSSELL.

TEMPORARY BiNO EH ANS METHOD OF FORMiNG THE SAME.

APPLICATION HLED IUNE 2. mm.

' 1,19%,684. Putvuted Aug. 15, 1916.

. r INV'ENTOR WITNESSES;

F By Attorneys,

Usrrnn sf.

nrs

ctnnnizcn DH'rnnssnLL, or ro'csnnsnrsrn, NEW YORK.

crsivrrcnnny mines nn 1 terns;- Y

Seeeifleation of Letters Patent.

FOR-NHNG THE SAME.

Patented Aug. 15, 1916.

Apnlication and 3m 2, isle; Serial No. 31.668.

:vxlth h t e "of binder wherein hulfrings or. prongsire nw-unterlnpmi nspring prong ingplnte, d the'srnd prongs haying i'iiiperzi'tiie c nee-tic: bet their edgfes, Jere pressed v y the pl if: either way from n .zcentral posinon whereby springheld either in the open on the closed post tion' to which, they may be ridgusted. riorne of the parts of my invention, as hereinafter set forth, are useful. in other connect ons.

The invention has for its object to pro- .vide on improved construction of cover adepted tori use With such tempori ry b1nders, and which is also capable of use for other purposes, which is of snnple construc -tion. cheaply made. and "(.1urable, and vmcli contains improved hinge goint, by the use of which I enabled to extend the inn sists in the provision of simple and eco teriai of which the cover is composed COKE tin'uousiy through the extent thereof so that the same is of substantially uniform thic ness throughout, and particularly at the back portion, and this-hinge oint enuoles the covers to lie inth e desired positioneithcr open or closed, and an object of the IRVQU 'tion is also toprovide a method. whereby the -cover--is formed.

' .Another. object of the invention is that by the. use. of the] improved cover, hav ng its rback-iiorticn Tum fiill strength. of the flsides, ram enalblcd'topro ide a stron g sup- .port forthe intatl parts A further oinect of the invention connornical opening means for the prongs.

In ,the construction of temporary binders ;;and other like books, it has been the custom -.:t o. provide a cover with an outer lining of cloth or leather, which was usus-lly mountcd by means of some adhesive, such as glue or paste, upon a body or backing of board or i'lutcondition. The practice has been, so far I um aware, in covers of this character to omit part, for instance the body portion,

in that portion of the cover constitutingthe.

back, thereby producing a back which is thinner than the rest of the coverund accordingiy sufliciently flexible to enable itto stay in position. The Said cover, therefore, does not have its back formed of continuous isycrs th oughout.

In the construction of such s it has been the practice to paste or sin rely secure the. separated parts cons g the or body to the cloth of the ouzcr lining. This lining: cloth or leather, leather be employed, is then folded over the of the body portion, and the inner lining pasted on the inside so as to cover such folded over parts. This has all been hand Work. A consequence of such method is that the back, which has the function of supporting the/book, is the weakest partof the cover, and correspondingly less able to perform this function. The production of such cover requires many hand operations and. is slow and expensive.

My invention consists in the provision of :1 cover which is formed of a bodyportion having on the outer side the desired lining, zmd 1n torming the said several layers con tinuously thrugh the entire extent of the cover, and in then forming,.at the place Where it is desired that the back shrill be, hinges on each side of the said'back portion in shape of grooves, which are located substantially parallel to each other and are of sufiicient \vidthto enable the easy flexing of the covers.

v My invention further consists in lining. the inner prt'of the body portion of tlie c'over with a coating'of liquid applied thereto formed therein. The inner surface of the sheet either before or after the same is cut into cover blanks, but preferably after, is treated as with a liquid to overcome the warping tendency, whereby covers available for the reception of metal binder parts are produced.

A further object of my invention 'is that by the use of the improved and strengthened back provided I am enabled to employ, with special advantage in the way of securing and holding the same, inner loose leaf binding mechanism and outer retaining devices, which are secured together by means which pass through the said back portion.

A further object of my invention is in the provision of simple and economical opening means for the prongs.

A desirable form in which my invention may be embodied is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a temporary binder constructed according to my invention; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the book on the line H Z, Fig. l, partly broken, showing the book opened and the prongs drawn apart; Fig. 3 is a side View on an enlarged scale of the cover, the outer lining being at the bottom portion; Fig. 4 is a cross-section on the line 44 of Fig, 2, on an enlarged scale;- Fig. 5 is a plan view of the spring prong-carrying plate partly broken; Figs. 6 and 7 are elevation and end views respectively of the back plate; Fig. 8 is an end view on an enlarged scale of the spring plate and the prongs.

According to my invention the temporary binder, or other similar device, is provided with a cover A, the construction of which forms an important part of the invention.

The body or backing B of this cover is formed of suitable material, for which pur pose a good grade of paper of the kind known as cover paper, and which is somewhat flexible and of a fairly heavy weight, has been found well adapted. Paper board may be employed for this purpose, if desired, and the weight of the backing or the number of plies employed are variableas desired. For the particular book illustrated I have found that a backing of one-ply of the kind of paper stated gives good results. Upon this backing is secured on the outside in the usual manner as by paste or glue, a lining C which may be of textile fabric, such as cloth, or it may be of leather, or of any of the other substances usually employed for this purpose. Ihave illustrated this lining as being formed of cloth. As heretofore stat d, the application of the lining to the backing has a tendency to draw the backing so that it will no longer lie in the flat shape desired. To overcome this tendency I apply to the inner-rside or surface of the body portion or backin as illus trated conventionally at D, a washing or coating of fluid, and this I have found effectually overcomes the tendency of the backing to warp in, the direction of the liner. I have employed, heretofore, for this purpose, a solution of book binders paste in water, which constitutes an adhesive solution, and this I have found admirably accomplishes the purpose. I have also washed the saidinner surface or backing with a solution of alum in water, and this, likewise, overcomes the tendency to warp. I believe that the desirable result accomplishedds produced by a slight shrinking of the inner face, to which the said liquid is applied, but I am' not posi tive as to this. I have ascertained, however, by actual use, that an adhesive solution or a solution of 'adhesive'materialwhich forms a coating over the inside of the backing, is

not necessary to overcome the warping tendency, but that this may be accomplished by a solution or by a liquid which soaks into the fibers without forming a coating thereon. The liquid which I have employed for this purpose is spread evenly over the inner surface of the backing B so as to cover the same, and when the said cover has dried the .is applied to the body in a large sheet in the manner described, and when the sheet has been properly dried it is cut up into blanks approximately the size of the cover desired, and the. corners of the covers thereupon referably rounded as indicated in the drawings, either during the said cutting or afterward. The hinge joints are then formed in the covers preferably in a hot press. The inner coating is preferably applied as the last step after the cover is pressed. The cutting of the blank out of the sheet may be performed in the ordinary paper cutting machine, wherein a stack of sheets may be placed and which machine is usually provided with a clamp or press for firmly holding the material being cut, and in such case the rounding of the corners, if desired, may be subsequently performedby a round knife, or the covers my be punched out of -the sheet by male and female dies. It will be. found that the edges of the cover so produced will be sharp and distinct; that they will not fray in usebut will maintain their shape, and that thesaidcoVerS, although f producing the ordinary cover having the wxi e'wz-fv the. liningatiirr em? and pasted to th 'e .'\".ill be e inappearance thereedge will be subor only invention is lint; by means of l folded, and which inin either an i'oh I "forniingftwo al of which the the hit grooves are iz'sses l inn ai' dlyiro n he ln ng C'nnd. ex

through the entire (replies form- .the corer as she ig.3. They are I otthe cover which? "nsthefhack between the grooves. The? refer-ably ere tend from one edge ofltheeoi'er to the other. ZQ-Th'jesaid grooves my be proi'lnced in a suitable w :.w-,;as for instance met of 'rulc or niale' -die brought again t the rnz-tte'riil ot -wl'iicl i;the-co.-'er isponh A .d. hy a considerable blow, -.and pressing. tl e fsaino into a "j -groove -on female die ,nnd tl' s the effect "jot pressing the linin "iiid i the gr ovei'llshsps p tigh ed ai. lo-pres o mi: "hppeliran'ce. lihelungcslhp *forSmed-in the cor sat. the thjey a cut. o rt ol' th shee "-plrtyed' for lie 1 1 ing and heading, -cspec' "said dies It'iyillhe ii therfountl'tlfat the pro'diiction oit the hing plishedoyvithohcausing. i the separation of the layers attheglue e v I of theiormation 'of tl ie gir ooi es has been to i'nl'pairt "a5,- snf'rici ent degree 'of fiexibility to the g1 l port-ion of ti" Siilegorn'inps a 1 in b.

on their i-ospe 'vo hinges i the I that tl'ieywili 1 in po: one d red; l'iinge joint pro (lured according to my. in tio n will, for a book hai'ing dimensions about and a thickness of about;

nQinch' be ample i'or. the purpose of performing its function,

1y grooout strai teddy rein in 6f an inch. Theay'h e Varied as usualflanges g, upon the inner edges of 80 which a re mounted the prongs or half rings H H, each of which is provided --'ith a slot 1- in its rear edge adapted to passover the edge of its supporting flange frequently seated in a recess said ee The. lower edges and which is fin-media the oi the mating .ll, llfl iii snch jig t oii'that-the poro fsccsotthe" ihints. is" accom nil jthatthe effect @217 so that the.

d to and fro" m 'if the same is for ned the ydth of about of the hook varies, orthe thickness binding provided located. onwthe, outside ofth had; 6' jcorer. This is curved cross-section irs seen in Fi '7, so as to I import a -sl ig'ht cmriature to the back .ot-the'coi'ler', as illris trated in Fig. 1. Lugs i illustrated "as formed'at the ends of the hitch plate I, il l 'ustrated in Figs. 0 and 7 as straight, are'bent to extend through the cover and are suitably V secured to the spring plate G a's for "nstance" by being bent into notches therein.

The spring-plate, .pronv constrnction'and sup 'iorts and back platedo IIOthflll'lll p'art of this invention. .lHoweteiigthe temporary hinder pro; v

'ei l h y,t he use f the with the co's'erforn'aiizg a pit t of thi tion produces a novel nd desirable ture in that the full. strength ht; tl of which the cover (:on'iposed i *at the hacleportion here-the a re supported, =2Llld -thereliy, t, (1 crease in the strength of the siipnorting parts is provided." 'lCu'ntherhy. iding the hinge joints I am enabled 't self of the thickened rcoveria iiir'reased strength at the poin V hinges are hroduced :lndthe y have the "'ar i'ai'itages of. a cover which i sily' opens or cio and stays iniadjnstedposition withoiit springing. These advantages so far" is I am aware could he obtained otherwise only by decreasing the thickness of the. coyer at 'tlie'hinge thereby sacrificing strengtl'i' and durability. i i Z My invention includes the provision of improved means for opening the, prongs, and these are illustrated as short stubs J, i K. 'lhese-stuhs are perforated at to pass open the rings, :ind they are located hetween the huiiehof leaves L carried'hy t frings and-the covers. aresprptivel J The shorts-tubs mmnposed; of srh' ll light, stifiunateii '-:for. which; rpo' found light fabric hoard or hea yilyplated paper stock of tough construction icli' as light leather'board, {to he well'adapted, for this possesses sufiicient strengtl'i -so that the perforations will not be torn ,out during t e actof opening the rings, and yet it is so light that its weight does not appreciably add to the weight of the binder, and the expense of production is slight.

The (:1:- nit may be improved by the ad area thereof, loose-leaf binding mechanism inside of said cover, an outer plate, means adhesive assists in preventing the fraying of the edge in use.

I have illustrated the best manner of conestructing my invention,,but it wil l be ap'' parent that the invention is not limited to all the particulars noted; for instance, the

cover is described as. formed of one-layer'of paper backing having a cloth lining thereto. These materials are not indispensable, nor the number of layers in the'backing. Likewise I have illustrated the hinge joint as being employed upon this particular cover,

but however, I may, within my invention,

employ this hinge joint upon a single layer cover, or upon a greater number of layers. These and other modifications of my invention may be made within the limits of the appended claims without de arting there from. Nor do I limit mysel to the use of the particular metal parts illustrated, as other constructions could be employed.

In the practical application of my method f I have found it preferable to apply the outer lining to the body in a sheet, to then cut the sheet up in cover blanks and as the last -step to apply the inner liquid coating, but my invention. could be employed within the limits of thefollowing claims by coating the sheet, with the liquid coating before it is cut up.

WhatI' claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1- 1. A cover for a temporary binder, comprising a fibrous body, an outer lining secured thereto, an inner coating of adhesive, a prong-carrying spring plate inside of said cover, 'anouter plate, means for securing the parts together comprising lugs on the outer plate adapted to pass through the cover and secured to the spring plate, and hinge joints formed in said cover comprising grooves "therein on each side of said back plate and parallel with the edges thereof.

2. A cover for a temporary tially uniform thickness throughout the for securing the parts together comprising lugs on one of said parts adapted to pass part, and hinge joints formed in said cover through the cover and secured to the other comprising parallel grooves and between which the back is formed.

3. A cover for a temporary binder formed binder com-' prising an integral fibrous body of substanof a body of paper, a cloth lining afiixed thereto and said paper-having an inner coating of adhesive and said several matea rials extending continuously throughout the cover, and said cover having hinge joints;

platoon the outside thereof and .bet iv n said grooves,.andmeansfor securing, parts together comprising lugs. on the baclkf plate passing through the cover and secured;'

to theprong plate.

4. A temporary tion and to-be maintained in such position binder comprising tag: spring plate, prongs mounted therein and adapted to be movedto open or closed posi by the said p late and means for simultaaf, neously opening all said prongs oompr is ing short perforated stub s, mounted on Iea'chi prong, between tholeaves of the-book and the respective side's-ofthe cover. a

5. A temporarybinder comprising a cover havmga fibrous an outer lining Secured thereto, and wherein the tendency: of"

the body to warp 'has'been corrected by an inner coating of liquid, -'a spring plate, prongs therein, a back plate and means for securing said parts together comprising lugs on the back plate passing through the cover and secured to the spring-plate, hinge joints vin the cover comprising grooves therein on each side of the back plate,'and1 means for opening the prongs comprising short, perforated stubs, mounted on each prong, be-. tween the leaves Tof the book and the respective'sides of the cover.

6. A cover comprising a body of fibrous material, an outer lining secured thereto and an inner coating of adhesive material, said lining and coating extending substantially throughout-the sides of the cover 7..A cover comprising a body of fibrous material, an outer lining of textile material afiixed thereto, and an inner coating of adhesive material.

8. A covercomprising a backing, an outer lining connected thereto, and an inner coating of adhesive material. V

9. A cover comprising a body of fibrous materiaLan' outer lining affixed thereto, and an inner coating of adhesive material, said cover formed of a continuouspiece and being of substantially uniform thickness throughout. I 10. A. cover formed of a body of paper, a cloth-lining affixed thereto and said paper having an inner coating of adhesive and said several materials extending continuously throughout the cover. 11. A cover comprising a backing, an outer lining ailixed thereto, and an inner coating of adhesive'material, said several materials extending throughout the dimensions of said cover.

12. A cover for a temp n'ary hinder formed of flexible material of substantially uniform thickness throughout. loose leaf binding, mechanism within 'said cover, retaining devices for said binding mechanism passing through said cover and said cover having hinge joints formed tl'ierein romprising a pair of substantially parailel grooves formed in the cover on each side f said binding mechanism, the material in d grooved portions being displaced from the plane of the adjacent material in the cover on both the inside and outside of the cover and said grooves having their convex sides extending inwardly of said cover. 13. A flexible cover for a binder formed of a plurality of layers of material each extending throughout the entire area of the cover and direct: attached to each other throughout and oi substan tially uniform thickness thr'mgi'iout, loose leaf binding mechanism within said cover retaining devices for said binding mecha nism comprising members having enlarged portions on the outside of said cover and having portions passing through said cover and secured to said binding mechanism and said cover having hinge joints formed therein comprising a pair of substantially parallel grooves formed in the cover on. both sides of the back, the material in said grooved portions being displaced from the plane of the adjacent material in the cover on both the inside and outside of the cover, and said grooves having their convex. sides extending inwardly of said cover.

14. A cover formed of a tibrous body. an outer textile lining secured thereto and an inner coating of adhesive. said material ex tending throughout the cover. and b1: ving hinge joints formed therein by an iimardiy extending crease on each side of ihr,

each.

15. A cover formed of a iibr ius body. an outside lining ailixed thereto find an inner coating of adhesive, the said several "rye-rs extending throughout the area of the cover and each of them terminating; at the outer edge thereof.

16. A cover formed of a fibrous body, an outside lining afiixed thereto and an. inner coating of adhesive, the said severalilayers extending throughout the areii of the cover and each of them terminating at the-outer edge thereof, and hinge joints formed therein by inwardly extending g ooves ocated at each side of the hack portion of th cover and extending from edge to edge of the cover.

17. In a temporary binder a cover comprising a fibrous body, an outer iimig affixed thereto and wherein the tendency of the body to warp has been corrected by the temporary ing of liquid. the severai parts of the (over extending throughout the area thereof, loose ieat binding inerhanism in said cover and means for Sit'lli'illfl' the same to the rover whi h pass through the said cover.

t i\ rover compr sing a fibrous body. an outer tining ati'ixed thereto and wherein the tendrnry ot the body to warp has heed corrected by the appliiration to the inner surfactof a coating of liquid. the several parts of the cover extending! throughout the area therool.

19. rover compridug a fibrous body. an outer l ning ullixml thereto and wherein the tendenqv ol' the bod) to warp has been (orierted by tbr tl l lp h'ittltili o the inner ':-tl1'-- fare ot a r uting of liquid. 1 s veral parts of the rover extending; thzoughout the area thereof and h nmg bio; thereon formed by a pair I tauii dly paraiirl grooves t rmed.

bet we e a o, twining ('\i\\'2' ro i. ist in m -iii iig a timing to the outer fare oi {oily via-rt. in ruiitir; rover blanks out oi the sheets so treated. an in applying a liquid routing to the inner surface of the rovers.

ll. The proress ol' torn'iing rovers which consists in '\flil!liill{ a lining to the outer surfare of Li bod) sheet, in cutting cover blanks out of th s ts so treated, in providing hinge joints in said material by forming paralh-l groov s therein. said groove; spare-l apart to provide a back between them. and in applying a liquid roating to the inner surface of the covers.

22. The proce s o homing rover whirl! rosoists in ri-iurufing o tin-n; ivbe outer surface of a b d porti n and applying a iiquid rooting to 5hr inner surface of the ,3 an iiallv unii'oru; iiit' .ftil ioose liu' loud of said cover. means i r s uring the said parts tog ther whivh pass through the back of said cover and hinge joints i'ornu'd in said rover comprising parallel inwardly extending grooves between wbirh the bark is formed. the material in said groo ed por tions being dis art-d from the plane of the adjarent. material in the rover on both the inside and outside ol the rover and said grooves having their (HHHX sides extending inwardly ol said ooven over for a temporary binder I'ormed ol :1 body of pa n-r. a eioth lining atlixed thereto throughout the ar a of said rover and said ('ovrr being of substantiaiiy unil'orm' thieli'ness throu boot and having hinge joints formed therein by parallel grooves located at earh side of the back portion and extending from edge to edge of the cover. the material in said grooved portions being displaeed from the plane of the adjueent material in the eorer on both the inside and outside of the eover and said grooves having t heir eonvex sides extending inwardly of said eorel. :1 prong earrier in eaid cover, a retaining; deviee on the outside of the cover and hetween the grooves and means for securing the parts together whit-h paws 55 through the hack of the novel.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the lH't'StIltt of two Mil,- serihing witnesses.

CLARENCE l). 'IRIESIQLIJ. Vitnesses ALLEN Fnos'ix Lonlx F. ()s'rinnhmwr.

DISCLAIMER.

1,194,684.LZar(mce 1). T msell, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 'IsMronAuY BINDER AND Mn'rnon or FORMING THE SAME. Patent dated August 15, 1916. Disclaimer filed June 25, 1926, by the assignee, Tmssel Manufacturing Company.

Hereby enters this disclaimer to the following parts of the specification and claim which are in the following Words, to wit:

A further object of the invention consists in the provision of simple and economical opening means for the prongs. (Lines 46 to 48, inclusive. page 1.)

A further object of my invention is in the provision of simple and economical opening means for the prongs. (Lines 16 to 18, inclusive, page "2.)

My invention includes the provisions of improved means for opening the prongs, and these are illustrated as short stubs J K. These stubs are perforated at j to pass upon the rings, and they are located between the bunch of leaves L carried b the rings and the covers a, a respectively. The short stubs are composed of small light, stiff material, for which purpose I have found light fabric board or heavilv plated paper stock of tough construction, such as light leather board, to be well adapted, for this possesses sufficient strength so that the perforations will not be torn out during the act of opening the rings, and yet it is so light that its weight does not appreciably add to the Weight of the binder, and the expense of production is slight. (Lines 112 to 129, inclusive, page 3.)

4. A temporary binder comprising a spring plate, prongs mounted therein and adapted to be moved to open or closed position, and to be maintained in such position by the said plate, and means for simultaneously opening all said prongs com prising short perforated stubs, mounted on each prong, between the leaves of the book and the respective sides of the cover. (Lines 79 to 87, inclusive, page 1.)

[Ofit'cial Gazette J uly 13, 1926.]

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