US116728A - Improvement in compound surface-condensers - Google Patents
Improvement in compound surface-condensers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US116728A US116728A US116728DA US116728A US 116728 A US116728 A US 116728A US 116728D A US116728D A US 116728DA US 116728 A US116728 A US 116728A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tubes
- steam
- condensers
- chamber
- improvement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000003660 Reticulum Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003292 diminished Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
- F28F9/262—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators for radiators
Definitions
- My invention relates to that form of surfacecondenser in which the steam, vapor, or fluid to be condensed or cooled is conducted through the tubes, while the exterior surfaces of the same are exposed to the water, air, or other refrigerating medium.
- My invention consists: 1st, of a surface-condenser, consisting of a number of tubes exposed externally to a refrigerating medium and combined with partitioned chambers com municating with the interior of the tubes, and arranged in such manner that the steam or vapor to be condensed or the fluid to be cooled is conducted back and forth through different sections of the tubes, and is thereby better distributed over the condensing-surfaces than in the usual method of construction. 2d, of the arrangement of a perforated plate in the case containing the tubes in such manner as to distribute'the water, air, or other refrigerating medium equally to all parts of the said case.
- Figure 1 represents an end ele vation of a surface-condenser for steam-engines, constructed in accordance with my improvements, the outer bonnet of the same being removed to Fig. 2 represents, in part, a side elevation of the same and, in part, a vertical longitudinal section of the same on the lines aw in Fig. 1.
- the tubes are designated a a a, and are secured at their ends in any approved manner in the tube-sheets A.
- the whole of the tubes are inclosed in the usual manner in a large chamber or case, B, secured suitably to the tube-sheets, and at each end of the tubes are constructed chambers G C, which communicate with the open ends of the tubes, and are provided with suitable bonnets.
- a chamber, 1) At the bottom, preferably, of the case B is arranged a chamber, 1), covered by a perforated plate, M.
- the water, air, or other refrigerating medium is conducted into the chamber D by a suitable pipe, b, and passing through.the openings in the perforated plate M is distributed equally to all parts of the case, and rising to the top thereof flows away through a suitable pipe, 0.
- the steam or vapor to be condensed is introduced into one of the chambers 0, preferably at the top, through a suitable nozzle, (1, and is conducted back and forth, through difierent sections of the tubes, to a suitable discharge-openin g, j, which connects, usually, with the air-pump.
- the tubes are divided into sections by means of partitions in the chambers G C, so arranged as to direct the steam from one section of the tubes to another, and thus, in effect, form a continuous condensing exhaust-pipe extending from the illlet d to the outlet f.
- the chamber G is provided with one long partition, 9, extending from the top to the bottom of said chamber, and one short horizontal partition h, extending from the partition 9 to the side of said chamber, and the chamber G is provided with one horizontal partition, j, opposite h for a portion of its length, extending from side to side of said chamber.
- the steam entering at cl passes successively through the tubes in the sections E, F, G, and H, in the order named, and the condensed water and incondensible gases are finally withdrawn through the nozzle f.
- the partitions may evidently be arranged so as to cause the steam to traverse through the condenser any desired number of times.
- the chamber D is provided with suitable handholes or other openings, through which mud, sand, or other substances that maybe deposited therein, can be readily removed.
- the apparatus may be used to condense any vapor or to cool any liquid by passing the same through the tubes in the manner described; so, also, it may be employed to heat air or other gas, or any fluid, by circulating the same by appropriate means through the case B when a heating medium-exhaust or live steam, for instanceis passing through the tubes, as described.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Description
expose to view the ends of the tubes.
UNITED STATES \VILLIAM A. LIGHTHALL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.
IMPROVEMENT IN COMPOUND SURFACE-CONDENSERS.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 116,728, dated uly 4, 1871.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. LIGHTHALL, engineer, doing business at No.5 Bowling Green, in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented an Improved Compound Surface-Condenser; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing making a part of this specification.
My invention relates to that form of surfacecondenser in which the steam, vapor, or fluid to be condensed or cooled is conducted through the tubes, while the exterior surfaces of the same are exposed to the water, air, or other refrigerating medium. My invention consists: 1st, of a surface-condenser, consisting of a number of tubes exposed externally to a refrigerating medium and combined with partitioned chambers com municating with the interior of the tubes, and arranged in such manner that the steam or vapor to be condensed or the fluid to be cooled is conducted back and forth through different sections of the tubes, and is thereby better distributed over the condensing-surfaces than in the usual method of construction. 2d, of the arrangement of a perforated plate in the case containing the tubes in such manner as to distribute'the water, air, or other refrigerating medium equally to all parts of the said case.
In the drawing, Figure 1 represents an end ele vation of a surface-condenser for steam-engines, constructed in accordance with my improvements, the outer bonnet of the same being removed to Fig. 2 represents, in part, a side elevation of the same and, in part, a vertical longitudinal section of the same on the lines aw in Fig. 1.
The tubes are designated a a a, and are secured at their ends in any approved manner in the tube-sheets A. The whole of the tubes are inclosed in the usual manner in a large chamber or case, B, secured suitably to the tube-sheets, and at each end of the tubes are constructed chambers G C, which communicate with the open ends of the tubes, and are provided with suitable bonnets. At the bottom, preferably, of the case B is arranged a chamber, 1), covered by a perforated plate, M. The water, air, or other refrigerating medium is conducted into the chamber D by a suitable pipe, b, and passing through.the openings in the perforated plate M is distributed equally to all parts of the case, and rising to the top thereof flows away through a suitable pipe, 0. The steam or vapor to be condensed is introduced into one of the chambers 0, preferably at the top, through a suitable nozzle, (1, and is conducted back and forth, through difierent sections of the tubes, to a suitable discharge-openin g, j, which connects, usually, with the air-pump. The tubes are divided into sections by means of partitions in the chambers G C, so arranged as to direct the steam from one section of the tubes to another, and thus, in effect, form a continuous condensing exhaust-pipe extending from the illlet d to the outlet f. In the arrangement shown, the chamber G is provided with one long partition, 9, extending from the top to the bottom of said chamber, and one short horizontal partition h, extending from the partition 9 to the side of said chamber, and the chamber G is provided with one horizontal partition, j, opposite h for a portion of its length, extending from side to side of said chamber. The steam entering at cl passes successively through the tubes in the sections E, F, G, and H, in the order named, and the condensed water and incondensible gases are finally withdrawn through the nozzle f. The partitions may evidently be arranged so as to cause the steam to traverse through the condenser any desired number of times.
I am aware that surface-condensers have been made by exhausting the steam through a large number of tubes, but in all such cases the aggregate area of the tubes was so great that the steam was not equally distributed; and I have found by experiment with this kind of condenser that, by reducing the number of tubes through which the steam is required to pass, a much higher rate of condensation per unit of surface is obtained.
In practice I, in most cases, make the area of the tubes in each section equal to oralittle greater than that of the exhaust-pipe from the engine. In other cases I so arrange the partitions that the area of the tubes will be greatest in the section to which the steam is first introduced, and gradually diminished in the succeeding sections. The chamber D is provided with suitable handholes or other openings, through which mud, sand, or other substances that maybe deposited therein, can be readily removed.
It is evident that the apparatus may be used to condense any vapor or to cool any liquid by passing the same through the tubes in the manner described; so, also, it may be employed to heat air or other gas, or any fluid, by circulating the same by appropriate means through the case B when a heating medium-exhaust or live steam, for instanceis passing through the tubes, as described.
What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
1. The perforated plate M, combined With the receivingchamber D and tubes a a a, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
2. In combination with the above, a compound
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US116728A true US116728A (en) | 1871-07-04 |
Family
ID=2186185
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US116728D Expired - Lifetime US116728A (en) | Improvement in compound surface-condensers |
Country Status (1)
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US (1) | US116728A (en) |
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- US US116728D patent/US116728A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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