US11528978B2 - Hair conditioning treatment apparatus and method - Google Patents

Hair conditioning treatment apparatus and method Download PDF

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Publication number
US11528978B2
US11528978B2 US15/318,208 US201515318208A US11528978B2 US 11528978 B2 US11528978 B2 US 11528978B2 US 201515318208 A US201515318208 A US 201515318208A US 11528978 B2 US11528978 B2 US 11528978B2
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Prior art keywords
hair
contact
storage core
energy storage
thermal energy
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US20170127784A1 (en
Inventor
Blythe Guy Rees-Jones
David Erl Roe
Jonathan Martin Jones
Simon John Crane
Timothy Mark Allan
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Roholm Ltd
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Roholm Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D1/00—Curling-tongs, i.e. tongs for use when hot; Curling-irons, i.e. irons for use when hot; Accessories therefor
    • A45D1/06—Curling-tongs, i.e. tongs for use when hot; Curling-irons, i.e. irons for use when hot; Accessories therefor with two or more jaws
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D2/00—Hair-curling or hair-waving appliances ; Appliances for hair dressing treatment not otherwise provided for
    • A45D2/02—Hair winders or hair curlers for use substantially perpendicular to the scalp, i.e. steep-curlers
    • A45D2/10—Hair winders or hair curlers for use substantially perpendicular to the scalp, i.e. steep-curlers in the form of spools or bobbins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D1/00—Curling-tongs, i.e. tongs for use when hot; Curling-irons, i.e. irons for use when hot; Accessories therefor
    • A45D1/20—External heating means for curling-tongs or curling-irons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D19/00—Devices for washing the hair or the scalp; Similar devices for colouring the hair
    • A45D19/16—Surface treatment of hair by steam, oil, or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D2/00—Hair-curling or hair-waving appliances ; Appliances for hair dressing treatment not otherwise provided for
    • A45D2/001—Hair straightening appliances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D2/00—Hair-curling or hair-waving appliances ; Appliances for hair dressing treatment not otherwise provided for
    • A45D2/12—Hair winders or hair curlers for use parallel to the scalp, i.e. flat-curlers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D2/00—Hair-curling or hair-waving appliances ; Appliances for hair dressing treatment not otherwise provided for
    • A45D2/38—Surface-wave devices
    • A45D2/40—Surface-wave devices as hair-pressing tongs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D4/00—Separate devices designed for heating hair curlers or hair-wavers
    • A45D4/16—Independent devices characterised by heating the hair-curling or hair-waving means before use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D6/00—Details of, or accessories for, hair-curling or hair-waving devices
    • A45D6/08—Base-clamps, e.g. for steep-curlers
    • A45D6/12—Base-clamps, e.g. for steep-curlers with cooling means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D6/00—Details of, or accessories for, hair-curling or hair-waving devices
    • A45D6/20—Devices for controlling the temperature of hair curlers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D7/00—Processes of waving, straightening or curling hair
    • A45D7/02—Processes of waving, straightening or curling hair thermal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B9/00—Arrangements of the bristles in the brush body
    • A46B9/02—Position or arrangement of bristles in relation to surface of the brush body, e.g. inclined, in rows, in groups
    • A46B9/023—Position or arrangement of bristles in relation to surface of the brush body, e.g. inclined, in rows, in groups arranged like in hair brushes, e.g. hair treatment, dyeing, streaking
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D1/00—Curling-tongs, i.e. tongs for use when hot; Curling-irons, i.e. irons for use when hot; Accessories therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D2/00—Hair-curling or hair-waving appliances ; Appliances for hair dressing treatment not otherwise provided for
    • A45D2/12—Hair winders or hair curlers for use parallel to the scalp, i.e. flat-curlers
    • A45D2/24—Hair winders or hair curlers for use parallel to the scalp, i.e. flat-curlers of multi-part type, e.g. with sliding parts other than for fastening
    • A45D2/2464—Hair winders or hair curlers for use parallel to the scalp, i.e. flat-curlers of multi-part type, e.g. with sliding parts other than for fastening tube-like
    • A45D2/2471—Hair winders or hair curlers for use parallel to the scalp, i.e. flat-curlers of multi-part type, e.g. with sliding parts other than for fastening tube-like comprising bristles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D2/00—Hair-curling or hair-waving appliances ; Appliances for hair dressing treatment not otherwise provided for
    • A45D2/36—Hair curlers or hair winders with incorporated heating or drying means, e.g. electric, using chemical reaction
    • A45D2/362—Hair curlers or hair winders with incorporated heating or drying means, e.g. electric, using chemical reaction with a heat accumulator, i.e. for heating before use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B2200/00—Brushes characterized by their functions, uses or applications
    • A46B2200/10—For human or animal care
    • A46B2200/104—Hair brush
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a hair treatment apparatus that facilitates the execution of a low temperature hair conditioning treatment method.
  • Hair care, hair maintenance and hairstyling technologies are used by many people to improve their appearance.
  • Various treatments regimes and systems have been developed to provide distinctive and attractive hairstyles and hair qualities.
  • a variety of known hair treatments and devices involve the direct application of heat to hair fibres in order to ‘set’ or ‘fix’ it in a particular style or to straighten hair for a different appearance to naturally curly hair.
  • These devices are arranged to heat hair to high temperatures and then attempt to cool the hair down again when placed in contact with a set of flat cooling and clamping plates mounted on the inside surfaces of the tongs.
  • thermoelectric components used in these devices are able to function effectively only for short periods of time with relatively small volumes of hair before heat starts to bleed over from the hot components to the cold components. This causes the device to become unbalanced with the cold components warming up. A user must then abandon the hair treatment process or wait for the tongs to shed this excess heat before they will function again to effectively cool hair.
  • a hair treatment apparatus adapted to reduce the temperature of hair, the apparatus including at least one thermal energy storage core arranged to draw heat out of hair wherein said at least one thermal energy storage core is arranged to cool treated hair to a temperature below 0° Celsius.
  • a hair treatment apparatus adapted to reduce the temperature of hair, the apparatus including at least one thermal energy storage core arranged to draw out and store heat from hair being treated, a thermal energy storage core being formed from a material that experiences a phase change when cooled below 0° Celsius.
  • a hair treatment apparatus substantially as described above which includes a contact housing configured to enclose the thermal energy storage core.
  • a hair treatment apparatus substantially as described above wherein the contact housing is arranged to confine a fluid thermal energy storage core.
  • a hair treatment apparatus substantially as described above wherein the contact housing defines at least one contact surface, said at least one contact surface or surfaces enclosing an area occupied by the thermal energy storage core.
  • the contact surface or surfaces of a contact housing enclose a volume occupied by the thermal energy storage core.
  • the present invention is arranged to provide both a method of and apparatus for hair treatments.
  • Reference in general throughout this specification will predominantly be made to the invention providing a conditioning hair treatment apparatus.
  • a method of using such an apparatus to treat hair is also within the scope of the invention.
  • the invention may be used in combination with other forms of hair treatments if required.
  • the invention may be used immediately after a treatment that applies high temperatures to hair being treated.
  • Reference in general throughout this specification will however be made to the invention providing a cold temperature hair treatment in isolation.
  • alternative approaches, which combine different types of treatments, are also within the scope of the invention.
  • Such an apparatus includes at least one thermal energy storage core which in preferred embodiments is surrounded and enclosed by a contact housing.
  • This contact housing defines at least one contact surface which is arranged to have hair placed in contact with it during the treatment process.
  • the contact housing and the contact surface or surfaces it provides may be formed from a waterproof and thermally conductive material. These types of materials can be used to capture or retain liquid based thermal cores while also allowing heat to be drawn from treated hair and to travel through to the core material. Furthermore a thermally conductive housing material allows for cooling of the thermal core itself both before and after completion of a hair treatment. This thermally conductive material also prevents strands of hair sticking to the contact surface at low temperatures.
  • a contact surface may be formed from thermally conductive material.
  • a contact surface may be formed any one or combination of metal and/or thermoplastic materials.
  • a contact surface may be formed by any one or combination of aluminum, copper, steel, polyethylene, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene or polyethylene terephthalate.
  • aluminum, copper, steel, polyethylene, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene or polyethylene terephthalate may be used in this role and reference to the above should not be seen as limiting.
  • the thermal core and contact housing of the invention may be used to implement a variety of different types of hair treatment devices.
  • the invention may be implemented in conjunction with a handheld styling tool or implement—such as a set of clamping tongs or a brush.
  • the invention may not necessarily be implemented with a handheld configuration, and may—for example—form a hair roller or hair curler which is installed on the head and attached to a lock of hair for some time.
  • a handheld styling tool or implement such as a set of clamping tongs or a brush.
  • the invention may not necessarily be implemented with a handheld configuration, and may—for example—form a hair roller or hair curler which is installed on the head and attached to a lock of hair for some time.
  • Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the particular application in which the invention is deployed will determine the shape or form factor of the contact housing provided.
  • a contact housing may have a shape or dimensions which enclose or define a volume. Having a contact housing with a three-dimensional form enclosing a volume provides one or more contact surfaces over which hair can be wound while still being retaining in direct physical contact with the housing. This approach therefore maximises surface area contact between the housing and the hair being treated.
  • a contact housing being provided with a single substantially curved and continuous contact surface which encloses the volume occupied by the thermal storage core.
  • this contact housing may be provided with a circular or semicircular cross-section or profile, defining a relatively flat base and a curved upper surface which runs the length of the housing.
  • a contact housing may be provided with a plurality of separate and discrete contact surfaces which need not necessarily be adjacent to or connected to one another.
  • a contact housing may be formed by a substantially rectangular element with four long distinct contact surfaces running along a main longitudinal axis.
  • a contact housing may define a single continuous contact surface, or a number of distinct surfaces with different orientations.
  • a contact housing may be formed from multiple layers or combinations of components.
  • a contact housing may be formed from an inner containment liner arranged to retain or locate a thermal storage core, in addition to an outer contact layer formed from a different material to the inner liner.
  • the materials used to perform either the core retention functions or the contact surface functions may be selected based on the different roles to be performed.
  • a contact housing may be formed from a single layer of material with its interior surface being used to retain a thermal core and its exterior surface being used to provide one or more contact surfaces.
  • a contact surface may also define one or more surface projections or surface structures. These structures may be employed in various roles depending on the form factor or arrangement of the apparatus implemented. For example, in some embodiments additional surface projections or structures may be provided extending from a contact surface which separate strands of hair placed in contact with the housing. Such structures may also guide the passage of hair moved over or through a contact surface or surfaces in other embodiments, or may promote the formation of variations in the alignment or arrangement of hair placed in contact with the housing. Furthermore in yet other embodiments these projections or surface structures can function to reduce stray static electrical charges which can build up during the treatment process as hair is moved over a contact surface to reduce flyway hair.
  • a contact surface may be provided in association with a condensation promotion element.
  • a condensation promotion element can encourage moisture to condense on or near a contact surface, thereby providing a source of water in conjunction with hair being treated by the invention.
  • a condensation promotion element may be formed by a strip or section of metal adhered to the exterior of a contact surface.
  • this condensation promotion element may be achieved with a hydrophilic, hydroscopic and hydrophobic coatings or nano coating applied to a contact surface. These forms of coatings may attract, channel or repel moisture to transport moisture to a location so to be rapidly taken up into the hair being treated.
  • a contact surface or the contact housing may include one or more thermal transfer elements. Such elements may be provided to increase the rate of heat transfer between a contact surface and the interior thermal storage core enclosed by the housing.
  • a thermal transfer elements may be provided by a metal shaft which projects from a contact surface into the interior of the volume occupied by the thermal storage core.
  • this metal shaft may also extend out from the interior of the contact housing to form at least a portion of a contact surface from the same metal material. This metal thermal transfer element can therefore promote rapid heat transfer from hair contacting a relatively large metal surface area into the interior of the thermal storage core.
  • a hair treatment apparatus may also include a handle attached or connected to the contact housing.
  • a handle may in some embodiments be configured to locate a single contact housing, whereas in other embodiments a single handle may locate two or potentially more contact housings and associated thermal storage cores.
  • a handle may be adapted to provide a hairbrush, where a single handle is engaged with a single centrally mounted contact housing and thermal storage core.
  • the apparatus may take the form of a set of clamping tongs, where a handle locates a pair of complimentary opposed contact housings which can be pivoted together to clamp a lock or strand of hair.
  • a handle may be provided as part of an application system for hair roller arrangements, allowing a user to position a roller formed by a contact housing within a user's hair and then subsequently detach the handle once the roller is in place.
  • a handle may be provided from two or more separate components which are linked together, each component being arranged to receive a removable thermal storage core.
  • a handle may be provided by two open receiving shells which orient a pair of thermal storage core housing to form a clamp or tong like treatment apparatus. These two shells can also preferably be linked together by a flexible strip which allows the two exposed housing contact surfaces to be pushed toward each other to perform a hair clamping operation.
  • handle and contact housing or housings used will be dictated by the particular application in which the invention is employed.
  • additional features of the invention may be provided in various implementations, such as—for example—styling projections or hair alignment bristles when the apparatus provided is arranged to form a brush.
  • a handle may be formed from or include one or more components which perform as thermal insulators.
  • a handle may be more formed from a thermally insulative material such as a dense plastic, foam, elastomer or rubber material.
  • only portions of the handle which are held by a user may be formed from or coated with thermally insulative materials.
  • a handle may provide a contact housing connector or connectors which are configured to minimise heat transfer and exchange between the handle and the thermal storage core and contact surfaces.
  • the area of contact between the housing and handle may be minimised by at least one thermal break, with physical connections between these components being provided by thin spines, ribs or spacers.
  • a contact housing may be configured to project out and away from the handle, maximising the surface area of the contact housing which can be placed in contact with the hair of a user.
  • the components of a handle may form an open shell arrangement, enclosing the sides of a housing while leaving its contact surface or surfaces exposed.
  • a contact housing may be provided with a removable connection to a handle, allowing a contact housing to implement a form of removable cartridge.
  • this arrangement of the invention allows for the pre-cooling or freezing of a thermal storage core separate from a handle and prior to use of the apparatus.
  • a number of pre-cooled removable thermal energy storage cores may be kept on hand for use with a single handle, allowing the plurality of removable cooling cartridges to be swapped in and out as they extract heat from treated hair and the thermal storage cores heat up.
  • these removable cooling cartridges may come in different sizes and shapes for different hair types and styling techniques and effects desired by the user.
  • connection scheme used between a handle and a contact housing may have a modular nature in some embodiments.
  • this connection scheme may be provided by a mechanical attachment, magnetic attachment, or whereby the spines act as guides to secure the parts together.
  • this connection scheme may be provided by a mechanically engaged clip where the parts of the clip together providing a positive registration and attachment. Mechanical clips can also be configured to provide a pleasant action and experience for the user when the thermal storage core and handle are separated and connected together.
  • the same pre-chilled or free frozen thermal storage core may be used with a number of different handle configurations. Potentially the same core used with a set of clamping tongs may also be connected to the interior of a brush handle in such embodiments.
  • a handle may also include a temperature sensor and associated user indicator.
  • This temperature sensor may be placed in close proximity to the contact housing, allowing the indicator to alert a user if the temperature sensed climbs above and acceptable maximum operating temperature. This indicator can therefore alert the user to the needs to either swap to a new pre-cooled core or to cease the treatment process until the current core can be cooled down again.
  • a handle may include an LED light linked to a temperature sensor and associated control logic electronics. This light may be activated or change in colour or brightness when the temperature sensed rises above 0° C. or an equivalent maximum operational temperature.
  • this indicator may include thermo chromatic sensitive plastic or similar coating material that changes in colour as the temperature changes, or incorporate other thermally sensitive materials that exhibit a change in character using the energy or energy loss from the thermal storage core.
  • a hair treatment apparatus may also include or engage with a base station arranged to receive at least a part of a contact housing.
  • a base station provided by the invention can be employed to cool or potentially freeze solid the thermal storage core retained within a contact housing.
  • a base station can use a number of techniques to cool a thermal storage core. For example, in some embodiments standard expansion of gasses and compressor refrigeration and freezer technology may be employed. In other embodiments the temperature of a thermal storage core can be reduced by thermoelectric cooling devices configured in single-stage or multi-stage (being in series where one cools the other to achieve deep-cooling) arrangements of Peltier plates or junctions. In yet other embodiments a base station may rely on an existing mass of cold or frozen material placed in contact with a contact housing to reduce the temperature of the material making up the core. In yet other embodiments a base station may function as a heat pump, circulating heat extracted from one thermal core to an adjacent thermal core to be used in a heat treatment process. In such embodiments the circulated heat can be used to warm and heat a thermal storage core.
  • Sprays of treatment fluids employed with the present invention may also have a variety of forms or configurations.
  • a combination of both the contact housing, thermal storage core and handle may be located inside a cooled enclosure used to form a base station.
  • a contact housing forms a removable cooling cartridge the contact housing only may be placed inside such a cooled enclosure.
  • a base station may be arranged to receive one end only of a combined contact housing and handle, where in use the handle projects out from the base station while the contact housing is subjected to cooling.
  • a base station may be arranged to receive or connect to a plurality of contact housings at one time.
  • thermal storage cores may be cooled on a bench top or work surface adjacent to where hair is being treated.
  • thermal storage cores held at a desired low temperature can be placed readily available at hand to a user, with used warmed storage cores being swapped out to the base station.
  • thermoelectric cooling system may be mounted within a handle and used to provide a cooling function in relation to adjacent is thermal storage cores.
  • the invention may also provide or include a treatment or hair cleaning and conditioning fluid application element.
  • a treatment or hair cleaning and conditioning fluid application element When hair is treated with cold temperature in the method specified it becomes more susceptible to take up and retain fluid which is advantageous for daily hair quality.
  • a variety of different types of treatment fluids and hair lotions can have a beneficial effect on hair quality and health during low temperature hair treatments, with such an application element being used to deliver same on to or adjacent to a contact housing to be applied to and or taken up onto the hair surface or into the hair structure.
  • a handle may include or be associated with a reservoir of treatment fluid which can periodically deliver a spray of treatment fluid on to or in to a contact surface.
  • a slow fluid release matrix material may be applied or connected to a contact surface to deliver fluid to hair placed in contact with this surface.
  • these slow release matrix materials may be formed as a component connected to a contact surface, or may be provided by a material used to form the contact surface itself.
  • a treatment fluid application element may also include a cooling system to allow for precooling of the fluid which it delivers. Cooled treatment fluids again act to draw heat from the hair being treated, assisting the temperature reducing process employed by the invention.
  • a treatment fluid application element may be formed from or include a interchangeable cartridge or cartridges so the user can interchange different type of fluids and applicators to style, condition and care for their hair in different ways.
  • a treatment fluid delivered in conjunction with the invention may be cooled or chilled liquid water, other hair cleaning or conditioning agents or repair products such as keratin. Delivering these fluids during the use of the invention acts to rehydrate, repair and further condition the hair being treated so that the application of a treatment fluid is more consistent and delivered at a saturation rate ideal for being effectively taken up by the hair. This can be contrasted with prior art approaches where such hair treatment products are applied manually by hand which achieves a less consistent and effective result. Delivering fluid, lotions or creams in this way can also have an additional cooling effect on the hair to promote a desirable treatment outcome.
  • a thermal energy storage core may be formed by a material that experiences a phase change to a solid or liquid form when cooled below 0° C. In a further preferred embodiment this phase change may occur between ⁇ 20° and 0° C. Materials which exhibit this characteristic will absorb thermal energy during the phase change from a solid to a liquid without exhibiting an increase in temperature during the transition. By selecting materials which undergo this phase change and exhibit enthalpy of fusion characteristics at a desirable low temperature the amount of thermal energy which can be stored by the core can be maximised and hence allows the operating capacity of the core to be maximised.
  • the present invention may be implemented with a thermal energy storage core which forms a liquid at temperatures above 0° C.
  • the invention may include a fluid thermal energy storage core which experiences a latent heat of fusion effect at approximately between 0° and ⁇ 10° C.
  • the material used to form the thermal energy storage core experiences a latent heat of fusion effect at approximately between ⁇ 3° and ⁇ 8° C. In a further preferred embodiment this material experiences a latent heat of fusion effect at approximately ⁇ 8° C. degrees.
  • the invention is adapted to apply a specific cold temperature treatment in the range of ⁇ 3° to about ⁇ 8° C.
  • a specific cold temperature treatment in the range of ⁇ 3° to about ⁇ 8° C. The applicant understand that these temperatures produce a hygrally induced hysteresis in the hair, locking in the moisture within the hair for an extended period of time.
  • the thermal energy storage core may be formed by a material that experiences a solidification phase change at approximately ⁇ 8° C.
  • a wide range of cooling technologies can be employed to promptly reduce the temperature of a thermal storage core to or below ⁇ 8° C., optimising both the energy storage capacity of the core while minimising the amount of time required to cool the core down to a temperature where it is ready to the use.
  • the invention may include a water based thermal energy storage core which incorporates approximately a 3.5-15% by mass of ionic additives.
  • one or more electrolyte materials may be added to water in these concentrations to form a solution with desirable thermal characteristics.
  • a thermal energy storage core may be formed from saline solution.
  • Saline is an inexpensive and readily available material which may be easily formed at concentrations which have a desired freezing point.
  • saline with a sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration of approximately 3.5% to 15% by mass may be employed in conjunction with the present invention.
  • thermal energy storage core material is formed from any one or combination of different forms of gels, propylene glycol, hydroxethyl cellulose, vinyl coated silica gel, alcohols, liquid ammonia or compounds made or formulated to undergo endothermic reactions between ⁇ 20 and 0° C. may be employed to form a thermal core.
  • the present invention in its various embodiments allows an effective hair cooling treatment method to be performed.
  • the invention can be used to reduce combing modulus (an indication of the combing force which is a common attribute associated with hair treatments particularly hair conditioners making it softer) and thickness (hair bulk) in dry hair and can also offer benefits in use applications where a person wishes to ‘touch-up’ their hair but without having to fully wet it (i.e. take a shower).
  • Hygral fatigue is the damage that occurs to the hair fibre from the repeated process of expansion (when hair is wet) and contraction (when hair is dried). Often with existing hair treatment products and regimes the change from wet state to dry state is very fast with explosive heat from hot styling irons and blow driers. The constant expansion and contraction of the hair causes damage (weakening the hair cuticle and cortex).
  • This invention can cause the hair to undergo a hygrally induced hysteresis which slows the process of the hair moving between states, reducing speed of change in expansion and contraction which causes severe hair damage.
  • the invention can be implemented as part of a flexible hair treatment system, allowing for cold temperature treatments in isolation, or cold temperature treatments in combination with existing high-temperature hair treatment processes.
  • various embodiments of the invention may be used to improve the quality of hair treated with high heat treatment equipment such as blow driers and hot tongs.
  • Heat treatments cause substantial loss of moisture through explosive evaporation which is very damaging.
  • Cold treatment used following high heat treatments has shown to further improve the combing modulus of straightened hair (becoming softer) contributing substantially more to the overall benefit of straightened hair if used following hot tong treatment.
  • the invention also has been shown to influence the re-uptake of moisture, accelerating the recovery process which can be advantageous when considering that hair following hot straightening or styling is very dry. Cold treatments can therefore provide an effective step in reversing the moisture loss and damage caused by common high heat treatments.
  • the treatment process provided by the invention can also assist in achieving a more permanent set following high heat treatment.
  • Anecdotal information suggests rapid cooling of hair immediately after heating (blow drying, hot irons, hot tongs and hot rollers) helps to achieve a more permanent set of the hair when compared to styling without subsequent cooling.
  • Thermal transitions in keratin are strongly affected by water and depends on the amount present. Keeping water in hair is also important for good hair health. High heat treatment in any form causes a progressive loss of bound water, which changes the Glass Transition State of hair (i.e. its malleability as Keratin becomes softer when heated).
  • Water absorbed in keratin exists in three forms: a) water absorbed on strong binding sites; b) water absorbed on weakly binding sites and or hydrogen bound to strongly absorbed water; and c) loosely bound or free water. At 100° C. free water and weakly bound water is removed. Above 140° C. strongly bound water is released (note most hot tongs operate above 190° C.). Water in all three sites plays an essential role in forming the super molecular structure of the keratin biopolymer.
  • this invention works with the moisture in the hair.
  • the invention can create a spike in the specific heat curve of hair just below 0° C. causing water in the hair to undergo a phase. In this phase change state water stays in ambient hair and behaves like ‘free’ water allowing the hair to become more malleable and manageable.
  • Hot dry hair treated with this invention can cause the hair to more rapidly take up moisture, which helps reform (return water more quickly) to these binding sites, setting the hair in the newly styled state. Because moisture is returned quickly and not slowly over time, the hair does not gradually deform losing the styled effect which is well known to occur with existing hot treatments.
  • breaking extension reduced by 23% during the same period. This is the linear distance the fibre stretches before breaking. A reduction in breaking extension is considered a factor in hair health as keratin health is more plastic than elastic.
  • the invention When the invention is configured in the form of a compressive device (tong) it provides a mechanical effect of physically compressing the hair and applying tension to it, which can cause some level of fibre alignment; in addition to a static electricity ‘earthing’ effect, which could reduce static-induced issues with the hair.
  • the present invention therefore implements a method and apparatus for a low temperature hair treatment process.
  • the invention may be implemented as part of a range of well-known hairstyling tools and implements and can function effectively over long periods of time to cool large volumes of hair quickly.
  • FIGS. 1 a , 1 b and 1 c show side views of three different embodiments of the invention used to implement a set of handheld hair treatment gliding and compressing apparatus
  • FIGS. 2 a , 2 b , 2 c and 2 d show a range of additional views of the embodiment of the invention implemented with respect to FIG. 1 b
  • FIG. 2 d shows a side view of a set of contact housings used in this embodiment in isolation from the handle.
  • FIGS. 3 a through 3 d show in further detail how two embodiments of the invention can be employed
  • FIGS. 4 a and 4 b show a side cross-section and expanded view of the apparatus of the invention provided in a further embodiment to pass through and align hair fibres
  • FIGS. 4 c and 4 d show the action of a number of hair alignment projections extending from the contact housing of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 a and 4 b,
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the apparatus of the invention provided in yet another embodiment be located within hair in various styling forms
  • FIGS. 6 a , 6 b , 6 c and 6 d illustrate a range of different types of contact housing and contact surfaces implemented in various embodiments
  • FIGS. 7 a through 7 f illustrate a range of different types of base stations implemented in various embodiments.
  • FIG. 8 a shows an exploded view of a hair treatment apparatus as provided in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 8 b and 8 c show a side and end cross-section view of the hair treatment apparatus of FIG. 8 a .
  • FIG. 8 d shows a perspective view of a thermal transfer element integrated into the apparatus shown with respect to FIGS. 8 a - 8 c.
  • FIGS. 9 a , 9 b and 9 c show exploded perspective, end and side cross section views of yet another embodiment of the invention used to implement a set of handheld hair treatment apparatus.
  • FIGS. 1 a , 1 b and 1 c show side views of three different embodiments of the invention used to implement a set of handheld hair treatment apparatus 1 .
  • the tongs provided are formed from a handle section 2 which is engaged with a pair of contact housings 3 .
  • the contact housings are used to locate and enclose a thermal energy storage core (not shown).
  • the exterior of each contact housing defines a contact surface for hair to be treated by each device.
  • the handle 2 is arranged to pivot to open and close the jaws formed by the apparatus, moving each contact housing 3 and associated thermal core towards and away from each other. Hair to be treated can be placed into the interior of the apparatus to come into physical contact with either or both of the contact housings 3 connected to each handle to touch and or compress hair.
  • each of the pair of contact housings are permanently connected to the handle 2 .
  • the contact housings 3 are removable from the housing, providing these components with a removable cartridge configuration.
  • the contact housings 3 are again permanently connected to the housing, with an electronic cooling device (not shown) mounted within the handle to cool each associated thermal core.
  • FIGS. 2 a , 2 b , 2 c and 2 d show a range of additional views of the embodiment of the invention implemented with respect to FIG. 1 b .
  • FIG. 2 d shows a side view of a set of contact housings used in this embodiment in isolation from the handle.
  • FIGS. 2 a and 2 b shows plan and sides view of the cooling apparatus 1 when closed, while FIG. 2 c shows an end view, and FIG. 2 d shows a side view of the contact housing 3 removed from the handle 2 .
  • FIGS. 3 a through 3 d show in further detail how the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 2 can be employed.
  • FIGS. 3 a - c show the use of the embodiment shown with respect to FIG. 2
  • FIG. 3 d shows the use of an embodiment when the handle forms a stub or sheath from which the contact housings project.
  • FIG. 3 a shows the initial closed state of the apparatus 1 while FIG. 3 b illustrates the pivoting action of handle 2 used to open the apparatus to insert a lock of hair into its interior.
  • 3 b is in a material relaxed state while 3 a is in a material compressed state, thereby providing an inherent outward spring effect when compressed.
  • FIG. 3 c illustrates one possible treatment operation facilitated by the invention in this embodiment.
  • a lock of hair 4 can be clamped between the opposed contact housings 3 and thermal cores with the hair drawn over these contact surfaces to reduce its temperature.
  • FIG. 3 d illustrates a further possible treatment operation facilitated by an embodiment where the handle 3 forms a short stub or sheath from which the contact housings project.
  • a lock of hair 4 may be wound around the upper contact housing 3 a and then clamped against the lower contact housing 3 b to reduce its temperature. This approach places a significant amount of hair in contact with the cold contact surfaces in one action, as compared with the action of FIG. 3 c.
  • FIGS. 4 a and 4 b show a side cross-section and expanded view of the apparatus of the invention provided in a further embodiment.
  • FIGS. 4 c and 4 d show the action of a number of hair alignment projections 5 extending from the single contact housing 3 provided in this embodiment.
  • the invention is used to pass through hair to align fibres in a brushing action
  • a handle 2 defines a central locating cavity 6 which receives a single contact housing 3 and associated thermal core.
  • the exterior sidewalls of the handle 2 used to form this cavity also define a number of projections 5 which extend from the contact housing to form the bristles or fibre alignment projections.
  • a user can run the projecting bristles of the brush through a head of hair 4 , placing the thermal core in close proximity to reduce the hair temperature.
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the apparatus of the invention provided in yet another embodiment.
  • the invention provides a contact housing in the form of a hair roller or curler 7 .
  • the roller has a lock of hair 4 wound around its cylindrical perimeter and is secured in place in the hair for a period of time.
  • FIGS. 6 a , 6 b , 6 c and 6 d show several different implementations of the contact surfaces of a contact housing.
  • the contact housing is formed from two co-radial layers of material, where the interior or underside layer forms an enclosure for the thermal core, and the outer topside layer provides a thermally conductive contact surface for the hair of the user.
  • the exterior layer of the handle 2 defines a number of hair styling projections 8 .
  • the arrangement of FIG. 6 a allows the strands of a user's hair to be aligned.
  • FIGS. 6 b and 6 c show embodiments where the two opposed contact housings defines a number of hair combing apertures 9 , 10 when clamped together. This embodiment maximises the surface area contact between the hair and cold contact surfaces.
  • the apertures 9 of FIG. 6 b provide for a crimping effect as hair is run through these projections and over the cold contact surface.
  • the apertures 10 of FIG. 8 c provide for a combing effect as hair is run through these projections and over the cold contact surface.
  • FIG. 6 d shows the implementation of a treatment fluid application element formed by a material used to apply and deliver a fluid hair product lotion into the hair.
  • the arrangement of FIG. 6 d shows the exterior surface of the contact housing formed from a perforated surface to exchange fluid from a solid, fluid encapsulated or sponge like layer 11 soaked or dipped in a cooled treatment fluid. This treatment fluid is slowly released through the apertures shown onto the hair of the user as the hair is run over the contact housing.
  • Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that alternative forms of treatment fluid application elements may function in a similar manner, but deliver fluid from a reservoir instead of a matrix material.
  • FIGS. 6 a - 6 d also show projections and surface details made in forms and materials that promote condensation and or the management and effective application of this moisture and treatment fluids into hair.
  • FIGS. 7 a through 7 f illustrate a range of different types of base station 12 which can be employed with the invention in various embodiments.
  • the base stations implemented with respect to FIGS. 7 a through 7 c use a pre-cooled thermal mass 13 sited in the base and sidewalls of each base station to produce a cooling effect.
  • the base stations of FIGS. 7 d through 7 f are electrically powered and use cyclic, gaseous and or thermoelectric refrigeration 14 in the interior of each base station.
  • FIGS. 7 a - 7 f also show internal volume for cold core storage.
  • base stations are arranged to define a receiving cavity into which the contact housing or housings of a treatment apparatus can be inserted.
  • Various forms of base station can be provided which receive cooling cartridges formed by contact housings removed from handles ( FIGS. 7 b, c, e and f ) or which receive contact housings still connected to handles ( FIGS. 7 a , and d ).
  • base stations can also receive and cool a number of contact housings and associated thermal cores at the same time, as shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 7 c and f .
  • the central cavity of the base station can receive a contact housing in isolation, or a contact housing connected to a handle.
  • FIGS. 8 a through 8 c show a number of views of the components employed to form a hair treatment apparatus 19 in accordance with a further embodiment.
  • the apparatus 15 includes a handle 16 used to surround a pair of removable thermal storage cores 17 connected together by a body strap 18 .
  • the handle includes two clamping arm components which are linked together by a flexible joint 16 c , each component being arranged to receive a removable thermal storage core 17 .
  • the thermal cores are each enclosed within a housing 20 which defines a contact surface 19 .
  • the handle is formed from two open receiving shells 16 a , 16 b which retain and orient the pair of thermal storage cores to form a clamping or tong like treatment apparatus.
  • Each side of the handle encloses the sides of a core housing while leaving its contact surface 19 exposed.
  • the flexible joint 16 c allows the two exposed housing contact surfaces to be pushed toward each other to perform a hair clamping operation.
  • Each core is locked in place within the handle by the action of a locking projection 21 engaging with a complementary locking cavity 22 provided in the handle.
  • the cores can be removed from the handle by each locking projection 21 being forced inwards, allowing a user to grasp the body strap 18 to pull both cores out of the handle.
  • each housing is sited within a side of the housing 20 to rest against a series of guide rails 23 .
  • These guide rails provide a thermal break 24 between the core housing and the handle, minimising heat transfer between these components. This provides a thermal break in the interior of the handle to form an air gap between the majority of the contact surface and the handle which receives the contact housing.
  • Direct connections are made with the housing only by the guide rails to which limit the surface area contacts between these components.
  • FIG. 8 c also illustrates the hollow nature of the contact housing, enclosing a volume used to contain the thermal energy storage core.
  • each contact housing includes a thermal transfer element 25 formed from aluminium.
  • the transfer element is connected to the main body of the housing by a set of screws 26 .
  • this metal thermal transfer element 25 provides a metal shaft 25 a which projects into the interior of the volume occupied by the thermal storage core.
  • the same metal component also extends out from the interior of the contact housing to form the contact surface 19 .
  • the metal thermal transfer element therefore promotes rapid heat transfer from hair contacting a relatively large metal surface area into the interior of the thermal storage core.
  • FIGS. 9 a , 9 b and 9 c show exploded perspective, end and side cross section views of yet embodiment of the invention used to implement a set of handheld hair treatment apparatus.
  • each of the contact housings are formed from an extruded hollow aluminium body 27 which is closed at each end by a hollow thermoplastic end cap 28 .
  • These metal contact housings fully enclosing each thermal core in a material with a high degree of thermal conductivity.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Hair Curling (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
US15/318,208 2014-06-13 2015-06-12 Hair conditioning treatment apparatus and method Active 2039-10-21 US11528978B2 (en)

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ZA201700135B (en) 2018-04-25
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AU2015218564A1 (en) 2016-01-07
EP3154391A1 (en) 2017-04-19
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BR112016029131A2 (pt) 2017-08-22
EP3154391B1 (en) 2020-08-12
CA2989296C (en) 2023-08-22
AU2015218564B2 (en) 2017-05-18
CA2989296A1 (en) 2015-12-17
BR112016029131B1 (pt) 2022-06-21
WO2015190939A1 (en) 2015-12-17
JP6753845B2 (ja) 2020-09-16
US20170127784A1 (en) 2017-05-11
JP2017518860A (ja) 2017-07-13

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