US1150967A - Composite wall construction. - Google Patents

Description

R. H. ROBINSON.

COMPOSITE WALL CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 14. 1910.

Patented Aug. 24, 1915.

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COLUMBIA PLANOORAPH $0., WASHINGTON, D.

ROY HENRY ROBINSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

COMPOSITE WALL CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed September 14, 1910.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ROY HENRY RoBrN- soN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Composite Wall Constructions, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in composite wall constructions, and has in view the production of a wall more especially suitable for partitions, though the invention is capable of embodiment in other walls.

The salient objects of the invention are to provide an improved method of erecting composite wall constructions, to permit a wall composed partly of reinforced concrete and partly of pre-formed tiles or analogous blocks, so constructed and associated as to very greatly minimize the manual labor incident to the laying up or erecting such walls; to provide a construction in which a skeleton metallic frame is reinforced with concrete and the preformed blocks interposed and interlocked with such reinforced frame; to provide a construction in which all centering and construction of temporary forms for effecting the proper placement of the concrete are dispensed with; to provide a construction in which pre-formed reinforced beams or bars of concrete are, by the act of erecting the wall, interbonded with previously erected hollow posts or studs, and the preformed blocks by the same operation locked rigidly in place; to provide improved means whereby hollow studs extending from floor to floor of different stories of a building, and constructed sufliciently intact to hold the plastic concrete, are nevertheless filled with concrete after being erected in final position; to provide an extremely economical, simple and eflicient construction in hollow metal studs; and in general, to provide improvements in a wall of the character referred to.

To the above ends the invention consists in the matters hereinafter described, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented A11 24:, 1915.

Serial No. 581,934.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of fragmentary portions of a partition wall embodying my invention, in course of construction; the floor sub-structure (and ceiling of a lower story), being shown in section; Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the parts shown in Fig. 1; one of the transverse reinforced concrete bars being shown in oblique section; Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1; the inside coat of plastering being applied and the whole shown on an enlarged scale; Fig. 4 is a perspective detail of a fragmentary portion of one of the hollow studs or uprights; Fig. 5 is a modification, shown in horizontal section similar to Fig. 2, the modification showing the use of reinforced concrete uprights or studs.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates as a whole a hollow sheet metal stud or upright, which is composed of two channelshaped members 2, 2, arranged with their channels I facing each other and rigidly united and definitely spaced apart by means of strut tongues 3 struck out of the bottoms of the respective channels, bent at right angles and extended into and interlocked through suitable apertures in the opposed channels, as shown clearly in the drawings. The channel members are faced toward each other and have their proximate edges spaced apart just far enough'to form slots 4, large enough to receive the ends of metal reinforcing rods or bars, which are embedded in pro-formed reinforced concrete bars, severally designated as a whole 5.

The hollow studs are eventually filled with concrete, and in order to facilitate the filling in ofthe studs, and the placing and securing of the latter in position, I prefer to insert short tube sections 6 through the horizontal partitions which form the floors, as shown clearly in Fig. 1; these tube sections being suitably located to determine the final positions of the studs andbeing arranged to protrude a short distance both above and below the respective surfaces of the horizontal floor partition. The external diameter of the tube sections 6 is preferably about equal to the internal transverse measurements'of the hollow studs so as to serve to position the latter accurately, and in order that the studs may be placed in position in telescopic engagement with these tube sections one side of each stud is cut away at one end, as indicated at 7, Fig. 4:, so that the protruding part of the tube may pass I laterally through this opening. The other end of the stud may be slipped over the tube section before bringing the stud to a com.- pletely upright position.

In the preferred embodiment of my com posite wall, I associate with the spaced apart hollow uprights or studs pre-formed reinforced concrete bars or stringers 5, which have their upper and lower edges made wedge-form in cross-section, so as to 'fit wedgingly into correspondingly shaped grooves 9, 9, formed in the upper and lower edges of pre-formed blocks 9, which are used to fill in the spaces between the stringers. The bars or stringers 5 are suitably molded and permitted to harden before use; the bars being usually made to specified dimensions both as to length and cross section, so as to fit the spaces between the studs. The ends of the metallic reinforcements 10 are so arranged as to protrude beyond the ends of the bars proper, to enter 'the slots l of the hollow uprights, and to serve both to tie the structure together and to hold said reinforced concrete bars in a definite plane and against tilting or rocking movements. Preferably each concrete bar has two metallic reinforcements 10 arranged respectively above and below its horizontal center and both in the same vertical plane. The protruding ends thus form two studs at each end of the bar, which perform the functions above mentioned. As hereinabove stated, the reinforcing bars 10 are of such size as to fit snugly in the slots 4 of the studs, but the bars may nevertheless be raised and lowered as required, while the wall is being erected.

The pro-formed blocks 9 may be of any suitable and preferred construction, so long as they are provided with upper and lower grooves 9, 9", adapted to receive the wedgeshaped upper and lower edges of the, concrete bars. As shown in the drawing, said blocks are rectangular and, as usual, made hollow or circular so as to reduce their weight. As shown at 11, Fig. 2, the blocks 9 are grooved or recessed at their ends, so as to adapt them to fit and partly embrace the hollow studs 1, but this recessingv of the ends of the block is not essential, as. will hereinafter appear. In order that there may be no time lost in selecting and fitting blocks, they are all made of the same. construction, i. a. recessed at both ends, so that any given block will fit against and telescope upon one of the studs. Wherethe blocks abut each other end to end, vertical spaces are formed, as indicated at 12, Fig. 2, but these rectangular vertical spaces constitute no objection in the wall.

In erecting the wall, the hollow studs are first placed in position, then a first tier of filling blocks 9 fitted between the studs, a concrete bar 5, then adjusted in place and its lower edge dropped down into the grooved upper edges of the blocks. The wedge-shape of the concrete bar brings the blocks 9 into accurate alinement and holds them thus firmly in position. A second tier of blocks is now filled in on top of the first concrete bar and the second concrete bar adjusted into position, and so on to the full height of the partition. In order that the uppermost bar 5 may be passed" into position each stud is provided at a suitable point near its upper end with a lateral inlet slot 7, leading into the main slot 4 and serving to admit the projecting ends of the reinforcements of the bars 5. It ,will be obvious that the last bar may be'inserted by turning it upon its side and passing it laterally in through the slot of the stud until the innermost reinforcement enters the slot 4, whereupon it may be partially turned and advanced until it has been fully, entered. After the blocks and reinforcing bars have thus been assembled,the interior of the hollow studs is filled with liquid or semi-liquid concrete or cement, which is poured down through the filling tubes from above. filling binds the hollow studs and reinforcing bars together practically into a monolithic whole. A finishing coat of plastering 13 (Fig. 3) may then be applied to one or both sides of the wall; the mortar entering between the slightly spaced apart edges of the tiers of blocks, as indicated at 14, thus forming the completed wall.

In Fig. 5 I have shown a modification in which I have substituted for the hollow metal studs, reinforced concrete studs 15 provided in their laterally opposite sides with deep channels 16 for the reception of the reinforcing bars 5. In the preferred construction shown the concrete stud takes the form of an I-beam with flanges of exaggerated width, and the reinforcing rods 17 are arranged to extend'through the several flanges 15. The wall of this construction is erected in the same general manner as that previously described, but after the filling blocks and reinforcement bars are in place, the concrete is filled into each of'the separate channels 16" into which the reinforcing bars extend. This 'filling of concrete serves to bond and unite the structure rigidly, and the reinforcing bars serve. as

the skeleton frame members which determine the positions of' and hold the blocks, as in the previously describedconstruct on. From the foregoing description it willbe This 1 obvious that the erection of the wall is but little more than dropping the elements into place, the positions of the studs determining the positions of the reinforcing bars and the reinforcing'bars determining and fixing the positions of the filling blocks. Skilled labor in laying the blocks is therefore unnecessary, and centering and temporary forms of all kinds are Wholly dispensed with. Nevertheless the wall when completed is extremely rigid, and so reliably united that it is impossible to remove any section thereof without breaking or cutting the blocks, and this without the use of mortar.

From the foregoing, it will be understood that the details of construction may be considerably modified without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim as my invention:

. 1. A composite wall comprising a series of spaced-apart uprights forming wall elements, a series of horizontal stringers vertically spaced apart extending between adjacent uprights and at their ends provided with vertical tongue and groove interengagement with the uprights, affording up and down latitude for adjustment but substantially preventing horizontal movement, and tiers of pre-formed filling blocks arranged to occupy the interspaces of the skeleton frame formed by the uprights and stringers and mechanically interlocked with said stringers.

2. In a composite wall construction,the combination of spaced-apart uprights grooved in their lateral opposed faces, rigid preformed stringers extending between said uprights in vertically spaced-apart relation, having their ends engaged with the grooves of the uprights, and being locked thereby against horizontal movement, pre-formed building blocks grooved in their upper and lOWer edges and fitted between and held by adjacent stringers, and cementitious material associated with the uprights and stringers and serving to bond the latter together.

3. In a composite wall construction, a series of spaced-apart tubular metal uprights, each contructed to extend from floor to ceiling of an apartment, horizontal stringers extending from upright to upright and at their ends having vertically slidable engagement with the opposed uprights, and pre-formed blocks arranged in tiers within the interspaces between the uprights and stringers, said filling blocks being grooved at their edges and interlocked with the members of the skeleton frame which they serve to fill.

4. A composite wall construction comprising a series of spaced-apart uprights, each upright provided in its lateral faces which are opposed to adjacent uprights with vertical grooves, a series of laterally-stiff horizontal stringers vertically spaced apart and havin their ends engaged with the grooves of said uprights and by the latter confined accurately against movement out of their plane while capable of vertical adjustment, tiers of pre-formed filling blocks occupying the interspaces between the skeleton frame formed by the uprights and stringers, said blocks being grooved in one or both of their horizontal edge faces to engage the stringers, and concrete bonding said ends of the horizontal stringers within the grooves of the uprights.

5. In a composite wall construction, the combination of uprights grooved in their lateral opposed faces, rigid pre-formed reinforced concrete stringers extending between said uprights in vertically spaced-apart re lation and having their ends engaged with the grooves of the uprights, preformed filling blocks grooved in their up er and lower edges and fitted between and accurately held by adjacent stringers and cementitious material associated with the uprights and stringers and serving to bond the latter together.

6. A composite wall construction comprising a series of spaced-apart uprights, each provided in its lateral faces in the plane of the wall with vertically disposed grooves, a series of rigid horizontal stringers arranged in vertically spaced-apart rela tion extending from upright to upright and having their ends engaged with the grooves of the uprights, said stringers being wedgeshaped in cross section at both their upper and lower edges, pre-formed filling blocks provided in their upper and lower edges with inwardly converging grooves adapted to fit the corresponding edges of the stringers and interposed between the stringers and uprights, and cementitious material bonding the ends of the stringers within the grooves of the uprights.

7 In a composite wall construction, the combination with a serie of hollow uprights forming wall elements extending from floor to fioor, and a series of stringers extending between said uprights and having their ends extended into the uprights, of conduits arranged to extend through the overhead floor and communicating with the upper end of the respective uprights, and concrete filling within said uprights serving to bond the upright and the ends of the stringers together.

8. In a composite wall construction, a plurality of tubular metal uprights constructed to extend from floor to ceiling of an apartment, but not extending through the floor and ceiling, tube sections extending through the overhead and underneath floors and having telescopic engagement with the ends of said uprights, horizontal 1 i stringers extending from upright to upright I blocks being grooved .attheir edges and inand at their ends extending Within the iholiterlocked with .the members. of the Skeleton lows of the uprights, concrete fillingthe up- .frame whichithey serve tofill.

rights and bonding the intersecting ends QROYTH'ENRYROBINSON. 5 of the stringers, and pre-formed blocks nritnesses:

ranged in tiers within the einterspaces -;be- .r Y ALBERT 'H. .GRAVES,

tween the uprights and stringers, said filling LEMJLIHROSE.

Copies of this patent maybe obtained. for ,five centseaeh,hyra'ddressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, DIG.

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