US113628A - Improvement in mastic roofing - Google Patents

Description

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IMPROVEMENT I N MASTIC ROOFING.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. EHLGQ, dated April ll, 1871.

To @ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, JOHN CIPPERLEY, of Galesville, in the county of Vashington, and in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mastic Roofing; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specifcation.

The nature of my invention consists in a composition for mastic roofing, and in an improved mode of applying the same, as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to make and use the same, I will now proceed to describe itsconstruction and operation, referring to the annexed drawing, which shows how the roof is prepared before putting on the mastic. My mastic is simply coal-tar and clean, moist sand-moist enough to hold its form when pressed by shutting the hand rmly upon it, or about as it-ordinarily comes from the sand-bank-sand or its equivalent in a moist state. vThis state is essential to success, as dry sand does not form with coal-tar a mastic that may be kept on any but a iiat surface, and it lacks the strength to resist rain in the fresh state and it does not set quickly. The proportions are about as follows: coal-tar, one part;` moist sand, two

i parts or less.

The foundation is prepared by rmly nailing ordinary building-laths, A A (throwing out knotty and defective,) across the sheath ing-boards B B, a paper, C, or similar substance intervening, which may or may notl receive a coat of mastic before the laths are nailed upon it. rIhe laths are nailed so as not to admit of any movement on the boards* say about two or three inches between nails* and are separate from each other one-half to three-quarters of an inch at the ends; a's well as the sides. This is to allow the mastic to fall between them, so that their subsequent shrinkage shall not give rise to leaking. When` all nailed, the mastic is spread on so as to cover the laths to the sixteenth of an inch and fill the spaces. As soon as the laths have shrunk or contracted, the surface is recoated,

in a thin layer it sets rapidly, and will not run from any surface from perpendicular to horizontal. Very fine sand makes a mastic with coal-tar, but in the same proportion would run from an angle of forty-five degrees surface, and would not stay on a perpendicular surface except in avery thin layer.. Coarse dry sand cannot be made into a mastic with tar that would -resist the action of rain soon after spreading, and in the foregoing proportions would run from anything not perfectly flat, and sets or dries slowly.` My simple mixture of moist sand with coal-tarmakes a practicable mastic with ordinary sand, and

of every grade of neness from gravel down. The water which is mixed into it in this way evaporates, and facilitates the evaporation of the volatile portions of the tar, so it sets rapidly. Ihe sand is always readily obtained, and, without artificial preparation, ready for use. As to the foundatiomthe question of extreme practicability again comes in. The

laths are of course readily obtainable everywhere that houses are built. The ordinary sheathing is put upon the rafters; the paper is laid under the laths to prevent an opening where the boards contract, as well as to cover interspaces. The lathing upon the boards strengthens the roof immensely, and the spaces form subsequent receptacles for tar, by which the surface under the laths is fed or supplied with the water -proof material till the roof is absolutely perfect. It admits of the use of more tar than any other plan,which is a desideratum.

All that this plan of roofing requires different from the materials at hand, wherever building is going on, is simply coal-tar. These considerations make it cheaper and more practicable than any other method that would give 2 masas l as heavy and as strong and perfect a roof. This makes a solid and durable roof. The mastic, being clinched between the laths, is not so easily detached, and the laths may be put on wet, just as they are found, Without any previous preparation. The whole aim and intention of this plan is to get something eminently practicable.

, Another merit of this roof, which may also be mentioned: It is often, and almost always on a new roof, desirable to work over it, more or less, as soon as possible. This may be done immediately with this, as the most of the mastic is down between the laths, and boards may be laid on for Walking over Without injury to the roof; or by sanding, the same result may be obtained.

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim as new, and desire to secure by- Letters Patent, is-

rIhe within-described composition for mastic roo-fing, consisting` of a mixture of coaltar and moist sand, applied substantially in the manner herein set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing, I have hereunto set my hand this 17th day of October, 1870.

JOHN GIPPERLEY.

Vitnesses:

C. L. EVERT, WM. L. ROBINsoN.

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