US1114473A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

C. P. HINDS.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED PEB. za, 1912.

1.1 14,473. Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

6 SHEETS-.SHEET l.

ATTORNEYS G. P. HINDS. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

J I APPLICATION FILED PEB.28,1912.` 1,1 14,473, Patented Oct. 20, 1914. 6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

w/NEsSEs l INVENTUH N. 7mm/(m Y i 5mm/mer QM-JJ /w fw By AZTORNEYS C; P. HINDS. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

. APPLIUATION FILED rms. ze, 1912. 1,1 1 4,473. Patented oet. 2o, 1914.

. s SHEETS-SHEET a.

mi N3 ATTORNEYS o. P, HINDS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

f APPLIOATION FILE-D P21128, 1912. 1,1 14,473. Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

G. P HINDS.

NTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIUATIOH FILED FEB. 28, 1912.

L fA Patented oet. 2o, 1914 6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

C. P. HINDS.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATON FILED 12111128, 1912.

Patented 091112011914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

ATTORNEYS .CHRISTOPHER P. HINDS, OF C ALCITE, COLORADO.

' INTERAL-COMIBUSTION' Specication of Letters Patent. r

Patented oet. 2o, 1914.

Application yled February 28, 1912. Serial No. 680,379.

To all whom it may concern; Be it known that I, CHnIs'rorHEn HINDS, a citizen of the United States, and

a resident of Calcite, in the county of Fremont and. State of Colorado, have invented a new and Improved Internal-Combustion Engine, of which the following is a full, clear,` and exact description.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines of-- the two-cycle type, and vit comprises certain improvements in the construction and operation of such engines by means of which fuel forced into the cylinder substantially at the end of the expansion stroke is admitted after the exhaust ports are closed, so as to eliminate loss of fuel by a portion thereof escaping with the exhaust gases; and by means of which vfresh air under 'compression can be forced into the cylinder at the end ofthe exhaust stroke in such a direction that it will strike the terminals of the igniter and clean it of any soot that may have collected upon the same. VThis air also serves to flush out the combustion chamber of the engine after the firing stroke andi cool the cylinder walls inthe usual way.

In its preferred form my invention comprises a cylinder which contains a moving piston having a flange'` at one end Wlich' serves as a pump for'taking in and compress ing the scavenging air. The body of this piston does not fit the bore of the cylinder snugly, but between the same and the innersurface of the cylinder there is a reciprocating valve sleeve which has a flange at its outer end by means of which 'gaseous fuel is drawn into the cylinder and compressed and produceanl engine ofthe kind described which will be exceedingly' simpler, containi "ing but few working parts to wear or get out' 'I' of -order, and which will be smooth and noiseless inoperation, providing ample room Hfox-the water jacket y. for cooling thesame' and being onlya little larger than the average size two and four-cycle engines for-.automobiles and similar-,purposes now in cornmon use. l

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawingsforming a part `of this specifi.

cation,l in 'which -thesame characters of reference. lndicate'the same parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view taken through my improved engine, thereof and the arrangement of the valve ports for the same; Fig-2 is a vertical sectional vieW on the line 2'-2 of Fig.` 1; Fig. 3 is.a horizontal 'sectional View on the line 3-*3 of Fig.- l; -Fig,. 4 is a view similarrto Fig. 1, showing the position-of the piston-'at the beginning of the out stroke' thereof; Fig.

5 is a-similar view, showing the parts in the position they occupy when the exhaust hethe instant when the infiow of the explosive charge begins; Fi g'. 9 is a similar view showshowing the interior construction 1 ing the position of the parts at the middle of the operation of taking inan explosive Onsthe drawings, the vnumeral 1 representsl the cylinder of the engine which is .provided at one end with a crank case 2. The crank' shaft 3 lprojects/ethrough the, sides ofthe crank case, being supported bearings A4,

and it carries a crankr having a wrist-pin 46 pivotally connected by means of .a rod 7 to across-pin 8 mounted inthe outer-end of,

thebody of thepiston 9. The Vpiston is hollow, `as shown,being closed at *one end adliahcentthe cross-pin 8,-and open at its oppo-l r site end toV receive a boss l0 projecting from the inner face of the cylinder head l1. This boss 10 may be hollow, as shown, and has an aperture through which projects the ignitcr 12. The inner surface of the piston 9 fits the curved surface of the boss 10 snugly, and the power chamber of the engine will be the ,sy-ace inclosed by the piston and the end of the-boss 10, as \\'ill l e readily understood.

As will be apparent from the drawings, the outside diameter of the piston is less than the inside diameter of the cylinder, and the end of the piston-adjacent the head 11 carries a flange 13 which contacts with the inner ivall of the cylinder and serves as a pumping device for drawing in and compressing air that is used in scavenging and cooling the. power chamber.

11 represents conduits' passing throughthe' walls of the "cylinder adjacent the head 11, to permit airto flow freely into and ougt of, the space between the flange 13 and the hee'd 11 when the piston reciprocates; and 15 represents lports which are preferably fourlin numbeyI arranged at intervals of. 90o

- apart to establish communication between the engine.

the interior of the body of thepiston and the space betw; en the piston and the inner wall of the cylin er 1. The scavenging air which enters theispace between the piston and the interior surface of the cylinder passes through tlufse openings 15 nto'the power chamber atfter the operation of eX- haustinghas'begun. *llhe piston 9 is also *providedlwithal pair of ports 16 arranged at diametrically opposite points at theclosed end thereof to allow the burned ases to flow `out ofthe power chamber; an these ports are controlled by means of a reciprocating valve sleevel17, which surrounds the body 'of the piston 'and derives its motion from the crank shaft 3. The connection of this valve sleeve through' the crank shaft comprises a pair of bolts or pins 18 secured inf side of the sleeve 17 at its outer end and serving journals for a pair of eccentric rods 19l terminating in eccentric straps 20; .These straps encircle eccentrics 21, which form part of the crank 5, and by means of -these eccentrics the valve sleeve 17 is4 reciprocated to control the outflow to' the .burned gases and the inflow of fresh fuel at the proper time in the cycle ofoperation of The sleeve 17.fits the piston 9 snugly, and

"the outside diameter of the sleeve isless than the inside diameter 4ofthe cylinder, 1.

` The sleeve 17 has ports 22 extending through its wall, these ports being diametrlcally opposite each other and arranged to come into registry with the ports 16 at the proper instant; and on the end of the sleeve 17 which isnearestthe crank shaft 3 I form a flange 23, which contacts with the inner surface of the cylinder wall, and acts as a sort of pumping device in a manner similar tothe vflange 13 on the piston 9.

Between the outer surface of thesleeve 17 and the inner surface of the cylinder 1 is .a water jacket 24, to which cooling liquid 1s supplied by a suitable arrangement of p1ping, as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, The upper end of the water jacket, taking the engine rin the position shown in the drawings, forms with the space between the same and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 and the piston and flange 13 thereon, an air compressing space within which the scavenging air is compressed; and the lower end ofthe water jacket forms a shoulder between which and the flange 23 on the'lower end o'f the sleeve 17 the gaseous fuel is compressed previous toitsentrance into the power chamber to be compressed between the end of the piston and the end of the boss 10.`

The'inumerals 25 represent portst through the wall of the cylinder 1 adjacent the head 11, and the numerals 26' represent exhaust conduits passing through the cylinder walls and the water jackets in \oper -position to conduct away the burned gases when the firing stroke of the piston is nshed.

27 represents an intake valve casing secured to the side of the cylinder by means of a-flange'28; and 29 is the intake conduit connected thereto. This valve casing is hollow, containing a partition 30 which is apertured to form a valve seat for a valve 31, the stem of this valve extending outside of the casing and being surrounded by a compression spring 32, which normally actsl to hold the valve to its seat.

The spa'ce inside the valve casing 27 on the low pressure side of the valve 31 communicates by means of a port 33 through the wall of thecylinder 1 with a space between the' flange 23 and the adjacent end of the waterjacket 24. From this space lead conduits 3ft, which terminate in ports 35,

-throu gh which the gaseous fuel afterbeing compressed is forced into the ber of the engine.

The manner of operation of my improved internal combustion engine is as follows:

power-cham- Referring to Fig. 45, the parts are shown in such position thatlboth the sleeve 17 and the piston 9 are moving outward, The flange .13 has just overrun the ports 25, and the ports 15 in the piston 9 have not cleared the;y inner end of the boss 10. Air whichis trapped between the flange 13 hnd the waterf jacket 24 is now being compressed. Furtner, the. ports 16- and 22 inthe 'piston and valve sleeve 17 respectively have Vnot .yet established communication between the power chamber and the exhaust conduit 26, so that the gases which are at this moment in process of 'combustion in the power chainber are forcing thepiston to move outward and transmit power to the crank shaft of the engine. The movement of the sleeve 17,

jacke-t, to be compressed later.

trated ton 9 causes the flange 23 to draw in fuel through the valve 31 1nto the space between t is flange and the adjacentJ end of the water The next step inthe operation ofthe engine is illusby Fig l5. The piston 9 and the sleve\17 are still moving outward. The por`\\15\have not yet overrun theV inner end of the projection 10, but theports 16 and 22 have established communication with the power chamber and the exhaust conduit 26. The burned gases now flow out through the exhaustconduit 26 and the operation of exhausting has commenced. When the parts have reached the positionshown in Fig. 6, the piston 9 is still moving outward, but the valve sleeve 17 hasfreached the lilnit of'its out stroke and is tabout to move inward. The ports 1 5 in the wall of the p iston 9 have cleared the inne'r end lof the projection 10 j andthe ports 16`and 22 are'still in position vto. provide communication between the eX- haust conduit 26 andthe ower chamber. As a result, the air`which tiie flange 13 has compressed on the ower stroke of the piston now flows into tlie power chamber,passes through the length thereof and blows .any burnedgases remaining therein out through the exhaust conduits 26, as shown by thearrows. Referring to Fig. 7, the valve sleeve 17 ,is

andthe piston 9 as having reached the end of its out stroke and being about to start on 16,but still in registry with the ports 26.

` 'after v the ' ports 16 and 22 in' the piston and A's a` result, thepower chamber is nowV closed. The space between 'the end of the lflange 13 andthe adjacent end of the water jacket uis'V still in communication with the 'shown as having begun its inward stroke,`

power chamber inside of the piston through the ports 15, as shown, and-the valve 31 has vbeen closed by.it;s spring, owing to the fact .that the flange'23i`on the sleeve 17 has begun .to put the, gaseous fuel trapped between the flange 23and 'the adjacent end of the water jacket24 under compression. Q

N ote is t'o be taken here of the fact that the .valve sleeve Ahave passed outJ of registry to interrupt communication between the -fportion yo their). 'stroke ,of the piston has the' 'effect-of rarefying to soins vslight extent the a'ir. inthe power chamber. This is because-the space occupied by the volume' of -j'p'ow'er chamber'and thefexhaust conduit, .communication still exist's'for a brief interv'al betweenv the power chamber .andthe space. between the flange '13' and the adjacent end ofl .the'waterfa-cket-2-l. As a result, the initialv 'l when the flange 13 moves away from the wasuch position as to be closed by the cvlindrical surface of the projection 10, and the ports 16 and- 22 have come into position to establish communication to the power chamberthrough the ports 35. The Vcompressed gaseous fuel trapped between the flange 23 and the adjacenty end of the water jacket 24 is now forced through the 4p assages 34 into the power chamber,'and this action takes place so much quicker byreason of the fact that the air entrapped in the power chamber has been rareiied, as above described.

Fig. 9 shows the operation of taking in fresh fuel in full swing. Both the piston and the valve sleeve move toward the head 11 of the cylinder on this view, and .the ports 16, 22 and 35 are in full registry with one another.

, The final' step in the cycle of the engine is shown in Fig. 10. In this view the valve 17 has reached the end of itsv in stroke, but the piston 9 is still moving toward the head 11, and the ports 16, 22 and 35 are no longer in registry with each o-ther. For the remainderof its in stroke the pistonnow compresses the gaseous fuel against lthe inner end of the bo-ss 10, and when the igniter 12 is operated, this gaseous fuel is fired and the power stro-ke of the engine follows. In the course of the engine cycle air will be drawn in through the po-rts 25 to the space between the cylinder head 11 and the flange 13, when the flange 13 passes' these ports when? the piston is making its out stroke. On the in stroke of the piston the air drawn-in through the ports 25 will be `forced out again until theflange 13 passesA the same. The air trapped between the flange-13 and theI cylinder head maybe forced out throughthe conduits 14 and stored 'infa reservoir or used to inflate automobile tires, or 'employed in any other desirable way.

-From the above description vit will' bev apparent that I have` produced aftwo-cycleen- 'gine in which the efficiency is -increascd and. "the construction and operation considerably improved. Nofuel can be lostwhen the discharge of Athefgases is taking place, a thing which 'often happens `in twocycle engines of ordinarydesign, because, in nfiy engine, scavenging airfenteijs 'the firing chamber and blows` out, the products of combustion, and' 1 .then communication', with-,the exhaust con-12' duit 1s interrupted' fbeforetle .gaseous fuel is admitted to the power chamber. This manner of operation has an additional advantage of getting all of the exhaust gases out of the way before the gaseous fuel enters, and thus eliminates the danger ofbaekfiring. l

Scavenging air forced into the chamber by thel flange 13 blows across the spark oints, as shown in Fig. 6, cools the inner sur ace of the piston and then passes out vthrough the exhaust conduit to complete the scavenging operation.

There is ampleroom for a water jacket of suiiicient size to cool theiengine, and the presence of this water jacket does not increase ,the size of the cylinder.

get out of order, and this makes the operation of assembling and timing the parts y and noiseless; it will not be clumsy or bulky,

but in fact it need bel only a little larger than the average size two and four-cycle englues of the same power now 1nA use for niotive power purposes.

Any convenient arrangement y of ports through the walls of the piston and the sleeve can be adopted. I have shown two fuel inlet ports through the sleeve and piston located at opposite points, each of these ports serving for both the intake and discharge of gas, discharging the gas when the piston reaches the end of its out stroke, and admitting fuel when the operation-of exhausting and scavenging isfinished. However, I may use a single outlet port and a separate inlet port in the piston and sleeve if desired, placing the inlet port in the piston and sleeve on one side of the engine andthe outlet port in the piston and sleeve on the other side; or I may place both the inlet and outlet ports on the same side, according as circumstances mayl. require. I

I wish to have it understood that the above description and drawings accompanying the lsame are illustrative only, disclosing; but one embodiment o-f my invention, and that I do not wish to be limited to the details thereof, but wish 'to reserve'to myself the right to make whatever changes in the shape,

.size and arrangement of the parts fairly fall within the scope and spirit of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to' secure by Letters Patent:

l. In an internal combustion engine, the

`coml i1u1ti m of a casingfinclosing a power.

chamber, a piston movable in said casing, a 'Ilangc carried by' said piston, said casing having ports through 4the wall thereof, to

a/dmit air to one side of said flange, wherebythe movement' of theplston will compress' -said air, means carried by the casing for Further, .there are but few working parts to wear or conducting the gases of combustion from the' power chamber, means also carried by the casing for admitting gaseous fuel tothe power chamber, the piston having-means for permitting the admission of compressed air to theipower chamber 'after the beginning of the exhaust, and means for controlling the passage of gas to and from the power chamber, so as to admit gaseous fuel to the power chamber after the operation of eX- hausting and scavenging is finished.

,2, In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of a casing inclosing a power chamber, a piston movable in said casing, said piston dhaving a flange thereon and' said casing Ahaving openings admitting air into the same, on one 'side of said ange, to be compressed upon the movement of the piston, means carried by thel casing for conducting laway the gases of combustion from the power chamber, means also carried by the casing for conducing gaseous fuel to the power chamber, and means movable with re. spect to the casing for establishing communication between the power chamber and the means for conducting away the gases of combustion at the end of the power stroke of the piston, said piston permitting the advmission of air compressed by the iange thereon-into the power chamber after the operation of exhausting has begun to clean out the power chamber, said movable means serving to interrupt communication between the power chamber and the means for conducting the gases away from the same and to establishr communication between the power chamber and the means for supplying gaseous fuel thereto after the operation of exhausting and scavenging is finished.

3. In an internal combustion engine', the combination of a casing inclosing a power chamber, and having means for admitting air to a space above the power chamber, al piston movable in said casing, means for compressing a volume of air in the said space,'an-igniter carried by said' casing and'.

projecting into the powerchamber thereof, said piston having means for admitting said compressed air tothe power chamber'at the end of its 'power stroke, at a plurality of points adjacent said igniter to clean the terminals thereof, and a sleeve valve in the. casing and fitting snugly the piston, said valve controlling the outflow of the burnt gases and the inflow of the feed.

4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing having openings therein, a power chamber inclosed in the casing .and spaced therefrom, an ignitor projecting 4into said power chamber, a piston movable in said casing, means operated by said'v piston for compressing a volume of air in the said space by the piston, said piston end of the `igniter at the end of the power stroke to cleanse the terminal of said igniter, and a reciprocating sleeve valve in the casing and fitting snugly the piston,'said valve controlling the outflow of the burnt gases and the inflow of the fuel.

5. An internal combustion engine comprising a casing, said 'casing having a plurality of apertures through its wall adjacent the head thereof, an internally-projectiing boss carried by the head, a hollow piston mounted in said casing, having an open end ,ia-piston lsurrounding the piston, forming onev endg .stroke of the piston, to permit air com` pressed by the yao , mit the exhaust of receiving said boss, the end of said boss and the interior-surface of the piston forming apower chamber, a flange carried by the piston, the outer surface of the beingspaced from the inner surface being compressed by the. flangeupon the piston, means forming a water jacketl located inside the casing'and of-said., air compression space, said piston -having "a port in its wall, which overruns the end of the boss at the end of the power flange to enter the power "chamber at the end of the power stroke, and a sleeve valve between thel water jacket and piston, said valve controllinv the outflow of -the burnt 'gases and the inflow of. the fuel.

6. An internal combustion engine, compiising a casing having a head carrying an internally-projecting boss, a hollow piston having an open end receiving said boss, the inside of said 'piston forming with the inner end of said boss a power chamber, means carried by the easing for conducting the gases of combustion away from the power chamber, said piston having a port to' perthe said gases Afrom the power chamber, and a movable valve sleeve having a port therethrough which establishes communication between the means for conducting away the exhaust gases and the port formed in the piston, at the end-ofthe power stroke.

" 7, In' an internal'combustion engine, the

' on, said head having'an internally-projectcarried by i in es combination of alcasing having a head thereing boss, a hollow piston, having an open end receiving boss,.tlie'fn:tide4 of said piston forming-withsaid boss a .power chamber, said'piston having a port through iits wall, means carried by the casing to. -conduct gaseous fuel to said power chamber, and a movable valve sleeve having an aperture therethrough to establish communication between said conducting -means and the port' thel piston, t' admit fuel to said power' chamber.

8. Ai'i internal combustion engine'comprisa casing having ahead with an interna ly-projecting boss thereon, a piston-havbody of theY to provide a space to contain air admitted through said apertures, said air 2oA f movement of the tween thesame tand one end ing an open end receiving said boss, the inside ofsaid vpiston forming with the end of the boss 'a power chamber, said piston having ports through its wallestablishing come munication with the power chamber, means carried by the .casing for conducting away gases of combustion from the power chamber, means also carried by said casin for supplyingga'seous fuel to the power c 1ambei', and a movable sleeve having-an aperture therethrough which establishes coinmunication between' the power chamber and the means for conducting gases therefrom through a port in theipiston to exhaust the engine, and which subsequently establishes communication with the power chamber and. the fuel-conducting means through a port formed in t-he piston to supply fuel to said power chamber. 4

9. An internal combustion engine comprising a. easing-having a headwithan internally-projecting boss thereon, a-hollow -pisinside of.' saidl casing and, surrounding the piston( and a movable valve' sleeve located between said piston and said water jacket and having a flange at one end and a port communicating with a space between the' flange .and one end of said water jacket, tov admit gaseous fuel, said flange serving to compress said fuel, the port formed in the *sleeve `being for registry with-.the port in the piston, to' admit compressed fuel to theV power chamber.

10. An-internal combustion engine com prismg a casing having a head with aninternally-projecting boss formed'thereon, aA piston movable in said casing and having an open end receivingsaid boss, the inside of saidpiston forming with said bow a power chamber, awater chamber carried inside of the casing and surrounding the piston, a valve vsleeve located Ibetween the pis'- ton and the Water jacket, and a `flange carried upon o ne end. of the valve slee'v said flange forming a fuel-compression spate liejacken/fthe said casing having a port therein :to adit gaseousfuelto-said compression space, the said water ]acket having-a con-.

duit leading from' said compression space and terminating inf-a port leading through the inside surface thereof, and the said pist0n and said sleeve having portswhicli come into registry with 'each other .and with the port forming the end of said conduitrr admit gaseous fuel to the powerchamber.

11. In an internal combustion engine, the' combination of a casingV having ahead with an internally-projecting boss formed thereon, a hollew'piston having an open end reof the lwater.

iso

ceiving said boss, theinside ofsaid piston forming with the leldof said boss a p owerA chamber, said piston being spaced fromthe n innerwall of .therasing and h avinga flange' formed thereon, said easing yhaving an aperr`'turejtoadmit .air in Afron'trof said flange. to ybe compressed therebyand said piston havjing' an aperture therethrough. which over- I 'runs the end of the. boss to .admit compressed ig-air to the power chamber, a water jacket carriedinside the casing and surrounding the. piston, a movable valve -sleeve located between the piston and the waterjacket, said l valve'sleeve having av flange at'oneend and l1l5..said'casing having a port to admit gaseous fuel between one end of said jacket and said flange, to be compressed lby the flange, means -car'ried' by the casing to conduct the gases of combustion -from said power chamber, said ,2o-piston having an additional port therein andy saidvalve sleevehaving ari-aperture therethrough which registersvith the additional vport in the ,piston andithe'means for con-h ducting. thejexhaust gases' from-the power 5-,5 Achai'nber,'fand means for controlling the movements Vof thevalve sleevefwith referenceto the piston', to causethe port in lthe valve sleeve to establish lcommunication between the powerehainber'and the means to. 3o .conduct away the frases of combustion when the piston has nisbhed its' power stroke, and subsequently, to establish 'communication between the vadditional vport in the .pistoiiand the fuel-com ression spa-ce", to. admit fuel to sa the power. e iamber, the air ypertain the pis.-

tonadmitting scavenging air to 'thepower chamber to. flush `out the same after the exhaust has begun and. bcfore'the gaseous fuel 'is allowed to enter the power chamber.

40 12. An internal Vcombustion e'ugine, coni- `prising a casing having a piston therein, a llange carried by. the piston, said easing haviiig a'n aperture therein to admit air into the same between .the inner surface of theeasing and the piston, said air, beingcompre'ssed by the said flange, sai piston having means for admitting said c'ompressedrair to the lpower chamber at vthe end of the' power stroke., to flush out the produets,of combustion, and

5ov movable means for admitting gaseous 'fuel to the .powerehamber after the operation of" exhausting has been finished and the -piston has begun to move iii the opposite direction.

vthe return movement ofsa'id piston causing the flange to effect a slight rarefaetion of the vapors in -tlic power chamber,4 to facilitate the admissionof the fuel thereto.. l ln an internal combustion engine, tl'

fronibinalion of .a casing. a movable member thereiu,=said casing having a port at one end` Y, of the same and a second' port spaced there!" froinaaiid means for operating the movable iiiegnber to cause the same to close lhe 'first' port and overrun the second port, whereby I Gair taken'into theeasing through the second K port on one side of the movable member will be eo mpressedj bythe. same, and air taken into the'casing tlnj'ougln-t-lie said second port onfthe other side;ofj-the member` willv be forced outthronghthey'lirst port.'` l .A

' In .an internal vcombiistionfengine, the 'combination of a casing having ai'water jacket, said jacket forming an internal shoulder, a hollow piston movable in' said easing andhaviiig a flange, said casing having means for admitting air between the vsaid flange and said'slioulder to be'eoni.`

pressed by the flange, and said piston havingfa port to allow of the passa-ge of t e.

compressed air into the firing chamber whenv the said port is uncovered,. and va combined valve and pumping device having aprtion working between the water )acket and p1ston,.said device controlling the outflow .-of

lthe burnt gases and the inflow of the fuel.

1 5. In an internal 'eombiistion'enginm the combination of a casing having a water .Jacket forming an internal shoulder, a valve sleeve having afi-ange, means for-supplying fluid to the space between the flange and the 4'shoulder to be compressed by l'the flange,

said jacket having a passage and said valve sleeve having a port' to register therewith, a

hollow piston carriedby the'casing inclosed by` -tl i e valve sleeve-and having a port to communicate with the port -in the' valve .said engine having means for thenv admitting the charge.

17. In an 'internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing, a ,hollow -piston' inclosing a power chamber, said piston having afport in its wall, means for uncovering said port, means operated b v the piston to supply compressed air through'thc piston port to scavenge the chamber, said means withdrawing part of said air to `create a partial vacuum in the chamber prior to the admission of the fuel'cliarge. said engine having means A foi tli`en admitting the charge.

l'f ll; ln anl internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing, a hollow piston iiiv'i'ng in said easing and forming a-power rhaiuber. saidpiston having a port in its wall. means for uncovering said port at the end of the out stroke of the piston, a flange carried the -pis'to `to compress air to be Charge'. v

supplied to the chamber through the port when the same is uncovered, said -fiange op.- -name to this specification intheprsenoe of erating to Withdraw part of said air andtwo'subseribing Witnesses. create a partial vacuumin the chamber prior CHRISTOPHER P. HINDS.

to the admission of the fuel "charge, said Witnesses: v engine having means for then admitting the F. W. FEEDHAUSER,

5R. B. JARARD.

In testimony-whereof I have signedmy

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