US1638288A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

Aug, 9, 1927'.z 1,638,288

E. R. BURTNETT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGNE Filed May 51, 1923 Patented Aug. 9, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EVERETT R. BURTNETT, F LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE AUTOMOTIVE VALVES CO.,OF LOS ANGELES, CALI- FORNIA, A VOLUNTARY TRUST.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed May 31,

My vinvention relates to internal combustion engines, the principal objects of my invention being to generally improve upon and simplify the construction of the presentforms of internal combustion engines, and

to-provide an engine in which a power impulse is developed by a two stroke cycle and in which engine the valvulary -functioning is accomplished by means of reciprocating sleeves.

Further objects of my invention are, to provide a two stroke cycle combustion engine cylinder, in which the inlet and exhaust ports are opened, closed and sealed at the desired time, y' by one reciprocating sleeve actuated by direct connection with an eccentric on the crankshaft, and to provide in an internal combustion enginea two stroke cycle pumping cylinder lfor gaseous mixture precompression and, pressure induction of the fresh charge into the combustion cylinder, in which the inlet port is opened, closed and sealed' at the desired time by a single sleeveactuated by a. direct connection with an eccentric on the crank shaft.

A further object of my invention is, to provide a two stroke cycle internal combustion engine, in which the gaseous mixture charge supply from the carburetor or vaporizing ,means tothel pumping chamber, is supplied for the `fulltime duration of the induction or suction stroke of the piston of the pumping chamber, providing thereby, increased volumetric efficiency, and reducing the fluctuation ofthe inlet column movement through the choke ltube of the carburetor, and consequently making a two stroke cycle engine operation more silent, smooth and flexible.

A still further object of my invention is', to provide an internal combustion engine' of few parts, functioning on the combustion cycle with constant compression, with silent and positive Vvalve action, eliminating the need for a cam or eccentric shaft, timing gears and associated arts, and effecting a great saving in manu acturing and maintenance cost. v v

With the foregoing and other objects in view, my invention consists in certain novel features of construction and arrangements of parts hereinafter more fully described 1923. Serial No. 642,509.

and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken length- 55 wise through thev center of an engine of my improved construction.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1. I

Referring by numerals to the accompany- 00 ing drawings, which illustrate a practical embodiment of my invention, 10 designates the upper member of a crank case in the ends of which are formed suitable bearings 11 for a shaft 12 having a pair of cranks 13 65 and 14 that are oppositely disposed or arranged 180 degrees apart.

Formed on the shaft 12 adjacent to the crankl. is anA eccentric 15, and formed on said shaft adjacent to the crank 14 is an 70 eccentric 16. v Y

Surmounting the crank case 10 is a block that comprises a combustion cylinder 17 and a 4pumping orprecompression cylinder 18, tllile1 axes thereof being substantially par- 75 a e The wall surrounding the combustion cylinder 17 is formed with a chamber 19 through which. may be circulated a ui'd cooling medium, such as water, and the greater part of the wall surrounding pump; ing cylinder 18 isv provided with a chamber 20 through which may, be circulated the hot burntv gases and products of combination that are discharged from the combustion cylinder. i

Formed through the upper portion of the wall .of the pumping cylinder 18 is a gaseous fuel inlet port 21, and formed through the Wall between the chambers within the two `cylinders is a transfer port, or ports, such as ,22, and through which the compressed gaseous fuel passes from the chamber within the pumping cylinder to the chamber within the combustion cylinder.

Formed through the up er portion ofthe wall of the combustion cy inder 17 and disposed substantially opposite to the transfer ports 22 is an exhaust port 23.

Arranged for reciprocatory movement 100 within the piston sweep chamber 24 in the combustion cylinder is a sleeve 25, and formed in the u per portion thereof is a port 26'that is a apted to register with and control the discharge of burnt products of combustion ,through exhaust port 23, and formed through the opposite portion of the wall of sleeve 25 and adapted to communicate with transfer ports 22, are ports 27.

Arranged for reciprocatory movement with sleeve 25 is a piston 28, and a connecting rod 29 connects the wrist pin of said piston with the crank 13.

Projecting laterally from the lower portion4 ofthe sleeve 25 is a trunnion 30 onr which is journaled the upper end of a connecting rod 31, the lower portion thereof encircling eccentric 15.

In order to minimize wear'upon the sleeve 2,5 and to` eliminate angular strains that might be imparted thereto by the pull of the connecting rod 31, a cross-head 32 is mounted on the trunnion 30 between the upper ends of the rod 31 and said sleeve, and the end of said cross-head is provided with plates 33 that bear on flat vertically disposed surfaces 34 that are formed within the lower portion of the cylinder block. The chamber that is occupied by this crosshead and trunnion is closed by a readily removable vplate 35.

A. readily detachable head 36 closes the upper end of the combustion chamber, said head having a substantially cylindrical depending portion 37 that extends downwardy within the piston sweep chamber 24, and the external diameter of such depending portion is such that it fits snugly within the upper portion of sleeve 25. v

This head and depending portion are formed with connected chambers 38 that communicate with the cooling fluid circulation chambers 19.

Formed in the lower portion of the depending member 37 of this head is a pocket 39, and leading therefrom downwardly and outwardly through the wall of the depending member 37, is a short duct 40 that communicates with a series of ports 41, and the latter being disposed directly opposite to the transfer ports 22.

When sleeve 25 is moved to a certain position, the ports 27 therein are adapted to coincide with the ports 22 and 41, and consequently admit compressed lgaseous fuel from the pumping cylinder to the pocket 39 and to the chamber 24 with which said pocket communicates.

Leading downwardly and laterally from the lower end of pocket 39 is a duct 42 that is inclined so that the gaseous fuel that discharges from the pocket 39 into piston sweep chamber 24 will be directed, as shown by the arrows in Fig. 1, downwardly into that side of the piston chamber that is below the inlet ports and directly opposite from the exhaust vport. Thus, when gaseous fuel is admitted to the piston sweep chamber, rt will sweep downwardly on the side opposite from the exhaust port 23, thence across the short chiot through which the products of combustion may pass during scavenging operations.

Fitted in the lower portion of the depending member 37 and bearing against the inner face of sleeve 25 is a packing ring 44.

Seated in the rentra] portion of head 36 is an ignition device, V,preferably a spark plug 45, and the inner ends of the electrodes thereof project into the upper portion of pocket 39.

Arranged for reciprocatory movement within the gaseous fuel compression chambei' 4G in cylinder 18 is a sleeve 47 that controls gaseous fuel inlet port 21.

Projecting laterally from the lower ortion of this sleeve is a trunnion 48, on w ich is journalled the upper end of a connecting rod 49, and the lower end of which latter encircles eccentric 16.

Mounted on trunnion 48, is a cross-head 50, the construction and functions of which are identical with the cross-head that is mounted on trunnion 30.

Arranged for reciprocat-oryl movement within sleeve 47 is a piston 51 that is provided with a recess 52 in its upper portion, and a connecting rod 53 connects the wrist pin of this piston with crank 14.

Inasmuch as the cranks 13 and 14 are oppositely disposed, the pistons 28 and 51 move simultaneously in opposite directions.

Eccentric 16 is set so that prior to the time crank 14 reaches low center, and piston 51 is at the lower end of its stroke, said eccentric and connections to sleeve 47 have drawn the latter downward to uncover port 21, thereby admitting from a suitable source of supply, preferably a carburetor, a charge of gaseous fuel.

As the sleeve moves upward the inlet port 21 is covered, thereby cutting off the further admission of gaseous fuel to the compression chamber 46, and on the subseqll-llent upward .stroke of piston 51, this c arge of gaseous fuel will be' highly compressed within said chamber 46, and at the same time the compresed charge will absorb a certain amount of heat from the heated products of combustion that are circulated through chamber 20.

qWhile the gaseous fuel charge is under high compression. the sleeve 25 has been drawn downward by eccentric 15 and conend of its stroke sleev nections, so that ports 27 register with ports 22 and 41. As this registration of ports takes pla-ce, the compressed gaseous fuelcharge rushes through transfer 'ports 22, ports 27 and 41, thence through duct 40,

pocket 39, and thence downwardly throughduct 42, with the result that the burnt ases and products of combustion resulting from the previously ignited and expanded gaseous fuel charge` will be forced out through Iport 26 that yis in registration with the exhaust port 23.

As,` this exhaust or scavenging 'action is completed, eccentric 15 'and connections will move sleeve upward so as to cut olf the further inlet of compressed gaseous fuel into the pocket 39 and so as to cut off the` further exhaust through port 23. with the result that the admitted charge of gaseous fuel will be sealed within piston sweep chamber 24, and on the succeeding upward strokeof the piston 28, this gaseous fuel charge will be compressed within pocket 39.

As crank 13, passes high center, or immediately thereafter, a spark is produced between the terminals of the electrodes of plug 45, thereby igniting the charge of compressed. gaseousfuel within the pocket 39 and the expansion of combustion of the compressed fuel charge will be directed against the head of piston 28 =to move the same downward on itsl` ower stroke.

Before the piston 2 reaches the lower 25 will have been moved so that port 27 registers with ports 22 and 41, and so that port 26 'registers with exhaust port 23, thereby admitting a fresh charge Iof compressed Agaseous fuel, and

which charge in sweeping through chamber 24 will force before it the burnt prod-' ucts of combustion, and the same Will be discharged through ports 26 and 23.

Thus, -it willl be seen that YI have pro- E vided a relatively simple and practical two stroke cycle internal combustion engine in which pocket valves, crank case compression cam yshaftand timing gears are wholly eliminated, and which engine has the desirable feature of smooth, silent and iiexible operation combined with sim licity ofV structure andlow' cost of manu acture.

Obviously, the construction of the various -parts of my improved `internal combustion engine may be varied in detail without departing from the' spirit ofthe invention, the scope of which is set forth in the appended claims.

I claiml as my invention:

\1. In a twostroke cycle internal combustion engine, a combustion cylinder, a'

pumping cylinder,`a sleeve'farra'nged for re-l ciprocation within said combustion cylinder,

a sleeve arranged for reciprocation Within the pumping cylinder, a piston .arranged for reciprocation. within thesleeve -of thel connection from said eccentric sleeve, a sleeve within the combustion cham-- .crank shaft, a connection between the sleeve of the pumping cylinder and said second eccentric, there being a gaseous fuel admission port formed near the top of the pumping cylinder, there being a duct lead.- ing from the compression clearance `part of the pumping cylinder tothe upper part of the combustion cylinder, therebe'ing a port in the sleeve ofthe combustion cylinder for registration withl said duct, there being' an exhaust port formed in the iwall of the combustion chamber at a point substantially opposite to said duct, a' head projecting into the inner or head end of the combustion chamber, which head is provided with an ignition pocket, ports formed in saidy head for establishing communication between the port in the sleeve surrounding the piston in the combustion chamber with said ignition pocket and a port leading I'from the lower portion kof said' ignition pocket tothe bottom of said head.

2. A two stroke cycle internal ,combustion engine having a combustion cylinder and a pumping cylinder, said pumping cylinder ase'ous fuel inlet port, the conlbustion cy inder havingv an exhaust port, therebeing 'transfer ports formed between the chamber within the pumping cylinder' 105 and the chamber within the combustion cylinder, a crank shaft having a pair of cranks, a piston within the combustion chamber, which pistonl is connected, to one yof the cranks of the crank shaft, a piston 119' within .the pumping cylinder, which 'piston is connected to 'the other crank of vsaid crank shaft, va sleeve within the pumping v cylinderand enclosing the piston therein, which sleeve controls the gaseous fuel' in- 115 let port, van eccentric on the crank slaft, a

to saidv ber for controlling the transfer ports and' the exhaust port, said sleeve enclosing the 120 piston within said combustion chamber, asecond eccentric on the crank shaft, a connection from said eccentric to said last mentioned sleeve, a head projecting downwardly into ysaid combustion chamber, which 125 "head is (provided with a combined-compression an ignition pocket that receives the. gaseous .fuel ythat is admitted through the transfer-,porte and a port leadingfrom the ,lower 'portion' of `said ignition pocket dowriwardly through the bottom of said head and communicating with the piston clearance space Within said combustion chamber.

3. In an internal Combustion engine, the combination with a Combustion Cylinder having an exhaust port` that leads from the piston sweep ehainher within said sleeve. a head for said'eylindei` said head having a. combined gaseous fuel Compression and ignition pocket, there being a duct leading -dou'nu'aidl5Y from said pocket in an in-v clined direction toward the side of the piston sweep chamber opposite to the side in which the exhaust port is formed, there be ing a gaseous fuel inlet port formed in the cylinder and adapted to communicate with the pocket in the cylinder head, a sleeve arranged for reciprooatory movement-With in said cylinder and provided With ports that are adapted to register with said inlet port and exhaust port, and a gaseous fuel pumping cylinder arranged immediately adjacent to said combustion eylinder for compressing gaseous fuel and forcing the same under pressure through said inlet port. A

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

EVERETT R. BURTNETT.

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