US2277759A - Internal combustion motor - Google Patents

Description

March 31, 94 E. E; HEUSCHOBER ,2

INTERNAL comausuou mowon Original Filed Oct. 21, 1956 INVENTOR.

us CHOBER A TTORNEY Patented Mar. 31, 1942 INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Elbert E. Heuschober, Fort Worth, Tex.

Substitute for abandoned application Serial No. 106,748, October 21, 1936. This application May 19, 1939, Serial No. 274,569

10 Claims.

My invention relates to internal combustion motors and more particularly to the two cycle type of motor; and the object is to provide a simple, inexpensive, durable motor with the minimum amount of working parts.

Another object of this invention is to provide a two cycle internal combustion motor without crank case compression, thus eliminating dilution of motor lubrication and providing a more positive economical motor.

Still another object of this invention is to provide means for utilizing the piston to retain the compression of the motor prior to using the same for the impulse stroke.

An advantage of this motor is that the structure for compressing the mixture serves to cause greater carburization of the fuel, thus insuring more perfect combustion thereof.

Another advantage of this invention is that it is compact in structure which permits more uniform cooling of the same.

Still another advantage of this invention is that the pistons of the motor are readily adapted to carry a cooling medium which eliminates a greater portion of the heat radiation from the combustion chamber to the crank case and its cooperating parts.

Other objects and advantages will be more fully explained and the invention will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

This is a substitute for application No. 106,748 filed by me October 21, 1936.

Reference is had to the accompanying drawing which forms a part of this application:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal or vertical section of the internal combustion motor.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal'section of the motor cylinder and piston, taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the cylinder and piston, showing the piston in the lower position.

Fig. 4 is a detail view of a portion of the motor, showing means for controllin the displacement of the mixture chamber.

Similar characters of reference are used to indicate the same parts throughout the several views.

The motor consists of a cylinder I having a removable head 2 and a crank case 3.- In this instance, the cylinder and its head are arranged so as to be bolted to the crank case of the device by means of long bolts 4 projected through the head 2, upper and lower flanges 5 of the cylinder I,

and threaded into a boss on the crank case 3.

It is apparent that various forms of assembly may be used for this purpose.

The cylinder I is provided with a by-pass chamber 6 positioned on the side thereof and formed integral with the cylinder so as to register therewith (at two points) I and 8. Opposite the by-pass registration with the piston cylinder, is an exhaust port 9 and intake port Ill. The exhaust port 9 and the intake port III are provided in the cylinder I, oneabove the other, preferably having the exhaust port on the top. The by-pass chamber 6 is formed to extend a greater portion of one half of the circumference of the cylinder I and be provided with means for controlling its displacement.

The means for controlling the displacement of the by-pass may consist of a plug II which is threaded into the opening of the chamber 6 and positioned therein so as to be adjustable from the outside of the motor and during the operation of the motor. The opening of the by-pass E is internally threaded so as to receive the threaded plug II.

The piston I2 of the motor is preferably provided with a relatively long skirt and the upper end thereof is adapted to contain a cooling element. The cooling element is held in the piston by means of a chamber provided in the piston. A disk formed member I3 is inserted into the skirt of the piston and securely attached to the inner side walls thereof adjacent the top of the cylinder. Various means may be used for rigidly inserting the disk I3 so as to form a tight chamber I4 in the piston for containing the cooling medium. By placing this cooling medium in the top of the piston, the combustion chamber of the motor is more uniformly cooled.

A disk shaped member I5 is rigidly adjustably positioned in the motor so that it will telescope into the skirt of the piston I2 and serve to form a chamber in the inner portion of the piston I2. This member I5 may either be adjustably connected to the base of the cylinder I, as shown, or attached to some stationary portion of the motor or the crank case 3. In this instance, the disk I5 is adjustably supported in the motor by means of a pair of shafts I6. The upper ends of the shafts I6 are rotatably held in the member I5 by means of pins I1, and the lower ends of the shafts are threaded through projecting integral lugs I8 of the lower edge of the skirt of the cylinder I. Each lower end of the shafts I6 are provided with a worm gear I9 keyed or otherwise securely attached thereto. A horizontally disposed rod 29 is rotatably passed through the crank case 3 of the motor and this rod is provided with worm connection with the gears 19 of the shafts l6. By turning the rod 20, the member I5 may be raised or lowered in the motor for adjusting the displacement of the chamber 2| provided in the piston of the motor. The base of the member is provided with a drilled opening 22 into which the upper end of the shaft 16 is inserted. The upper end of the shaft is provided with a head 23 and a pin I1 is inserted into the member 15, below the head of the shaft l6. This form of rotatably anchoring the shaft [5 in the member i5 permits the shaft Hi to be turned or threaded through the projections l8 of the cylinder I for varying the elevation of the member l5 in the piston 12. Packing rings 30 may be provided in the disk 15 for sealing the compressed mixture in the chamber 2! until it is passed through the by-pass 6 and into the combustion chamber of the motor.

The piston I2 is provided with the usual packing rings for holding the compression. The skirt of the piston may be provided with one or more rings 25 which serve the dual purpose of oil ring and sealing the mixture in the chamber 2i so that it will not escape into the crank-case 3 of the motor. When the piston I5 is in its upper extremity in the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 1, fuel mixture passes through the intake port ID of the cylinder and into the chamber 2|. A port 26 is provided in the skirt of the piston l2 which registers with the port H] of the cylinder I. As the piston [2 passes downward to its lower extremity in the cylinder I, the mixture in the chamber 2| will be forced into the by-pass 6 through, first the ports 2! and l' and then the ports 21 and 8. When the piston reaches its lower extremity, the port 2'! of the piston l2 will register with the port 8 and permit the fuel mixture to pass through the by-pass 6 into the combustion chamber by way of the by-pass port 1 and over the top of the cylinder, as shown by the arrows in Fig. 3. At this instant, the fuel mixture entering into the combustion chamber, will force the cylinder l to be scavenged by pushing the burnt fuel through the exhaust port 5!.

It has been found that by placing the exhaust chamber directly opposite the by-pass port 1, the burnt gases will be more readily expelled from the motor; and it is possible to more thoroughly discharge the combustion chamber in this form of motor than in the conventional form of internal combustion motor. By providing a cooling medium in the head of the piston I2 and controlling the fuel mixture so that the motor will have a sealed crank case, the motor has greater life and produces power more economically. In this form of motor the crank case is securely sealed from escaping fuel mixture and burnt gases, and the crank case may be provided with forced feed lubrication, as shown in Fig. 4. Lubrication oil may be forced through one of the drilled shafts It by inserting a tube 28 into the end of the arm that carries the gear l9. The piston disk [5 is provided with openings 29 formed to register with the top of the hollow arm or shaft l6 and direct the oil to the side of the piston between the rings 30 of the disk i5.

What is claimed is:

1. An internal combustion motor having a cylinder and a reciprocating piston therein, said piston being provided with an elongated skirt adapted to pass over a stationary member forming a chamber in said piston, means for drawing fuel mixture into said piston chamber and passing said mixture through a by-pass into the combustion chamber of said cylinder, means for adjusting the displacement of said piston chamber, and means for adjusting the displacement of said by-pass.

2. An internal combustion motor consisting of a cylinder and a piston adapted to reciprocate therein, an adjustable member disposed in said cylinder, said piston being adapted to reciprocate over said member and form a chamber in said piston, an adjustable by-pass carried on said cylinder and adapted to intermittently register with said piston chamber and the combustion end of said cylinder, and means for passing fuel mixture through said piston chamber, by-pass, and into said combustion chamber, and a cooling medium carried in said motor and interposed between said piston chamber and said combustion chamher.

3. An internal combustion motor consisting of a cylinder and a reciprocating piston therein, a disk carried in said motor and disposed within the skirt of said piston for forming a chamber therein, means for sealing said chamber from the crank-case of said motor, means for directing lubricant through said disk and against the inner walls of said chamber, an intake port in said cylinder adapted to register with said piston chamher, and a by-pass carried by said cylinder for conveying fuel mixture from said piston chamber to the combustion chamber of said cylinder.

4. An internal combustion motor consisting of a cylinder and a reciprocating piston therein, a disk mounted in said motor and disposed within the skirt of said piston for forming a chamber therein, means for sealing said chamber from the crank-case of said motor, an adjustable by-pass chamber carried on said cylinder and adapted to convey mixture from said piston chamber to the combustion chamber of said cylinder, and a cooling chamber carried in the head of said piston.

5. An internal combustion motor including a cylinder and a reciprocating piston therein, a disk mounted in said motor and disposed within the skirt of said piston for forming a chamber therein, means for Sealing said chamber from the crank case of said motor, a bypass chamber carried on said cylinder and adapted to convey mixture from said piston chamber to the combustion chamber of said cylinder, an adjustable side wall on said bypass to vary the capacity thereof, and means to cool said piston.

6. An internal combustion engine including a cylinder, a reciprocating piston therein, an elongated skirt on said piston, a stationary member mounted to extend within said skirt and form a chamber between the same and the upper end of said piston, means for admitting a gaseous material into said piston chamber through the side of said skirt during the upstroke of said piston, a bypass from said piston chamber to the combustion chamber in said cylinder above said piston, and means to control the discharge from said piston chamber through said bypass.

7. A pre-compression type of internal combustion engine including a combustion cylinder, a reciprocating piston therein, a stationery barrier rigidly supported in said cylinder so that the skirt of said piston telescopes over said barrier and a pre-compression chamber is formed thereby, a plurality of ports in the cylinder wall, a plurality of ports in the piston skirt, said ports being disposed so as to provide an inlet to the pro-compression chamber during the upstroke of the piston, and an outlet therefrom on the downstroke, and means to conduct a gaseous mixture into said chamber and from said chamber through a bypass into the combustion end of said cylinder.

8. A pro-compression type of internal combustion engine including a combustion cylinder, a reciprocating piston therein, a stationary barrier rigidly supported in said cylinder so that the skirt of said piston telescopes over said barrier and a pre-compression chamber is thereby formed, a plurality of ports in the cylinder wall, a plurality of ports in the piston skirt, said ports being disposed so as to provide an inlet to the pre-compression chamber during the upstroke of the piston and an outlet therefrom during the downstroke, and means to conduct a gaseous mixture to said chamber and from said chamber to a bypass, said bypass having an adjustable means to control the scavenge pressure, and from said by-pass into the combustion end of said cylinder.

9. An internal combustion engine having a cylinder, a reciprocating piston therein, the skirt means associated with said bypass to control the scavenge pressure for said cylinder.

10. An internal combustion engine having one or more cylinders with reciprocating pistons therein, said pistons being adapted to form scavenge pumps, a seal in each cylinder so placed as to seal the scavenge pump from the crankcase, a common bypass carried on said engine to receive fresh charge of gaseous fluid from said scavenge pumps and to transfer the same fluid to the combustion chamber, a mechanical means for varying said bypass to control the inlet charge and scavenging pressure.

ELBERT E. HEUSCHOBER.

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