US1958957A

US1958957A - Internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: US1958957A
Application number: US593651A
Authority: US
Inventors: Rakos Nicholas
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1932-02-17
Filing date: 1932-02-17
Publication date: 1934-05-15
Anticipated expiration: 1951-05-15

Description

May 15, 1934. os 1,958,957

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE I Filed Feb. 17.- 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet l Inventor mz'alaa iaa'w A llomey May 15, 1934. N RAKQS 1,958,957

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Feb. 17, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 In venior 122% ozatfiak'oS I imm 4 A Home y Inventor A tlomey May 15, 1934. N RAKQS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 1'7, 1932 Patented May 15, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT F F ICE;

-1 Claim.

ner as hereinafter set forth, an engine of this character which will be comparatively simple in construction, strong, durable, efiicient and reliable in operation and which may be manufactured at low cost.

Another important object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine of the character described embodying a novel construction and arrangement of lubricating means.

All of the foregoing and still further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from a study of the following specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein like characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, and wherein:-

Figure 1 is a view in vertical transverse section through an internal combustion engine constructed in accordance with the present invention.

. Figure 2 is a view in vertical transverse section through the gear case.

Figure 3 is a view in vertical longitudinal section through the engine.

Figure 4 is a section taken substantially on line 44 of Figure 3.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, it will be seen that the reference numeral 1 designates the engine block which is formed to provide the alinged pairs of horizontal cylinders 2. Any desired number of the aligned pairs of "cylinders 2 may be provided. The block 1 is further provided with a cooling jacket 3 through which water circulates around the cylinders 2.

Crank cases 4 are mounted on the outer ends of the cylinders 2 and operable in suitable bearings provided therefor in the crank cases are the crank shafts 5. Opposed pistons 6 are mounted for reciprocation simultaneously toward and away from each other in the pairs of cylinders 2 and said pistons are coupled to the crank shafts 5 by the connecting rods 7. The heads of the pistons 6 diverge from top to bottom, as indicated at 8. Thus a firing chamber is defined by the pistons which progressively increases in size from top to bottom. A fuel intake chamber 9 is provided in the block 1 for each pair of cylinders 2, said chamber 9 being located above the cylinders and at the point where said pairs of cylinders merge with each other. The chamber 9 is in communication with the firing chamber at all times and each chamber opens through the upper face of the block. Spark plugs 10 are threaded into the block for igniting the compressed charge between the pistons 6 as will be readily understood. The engine is mounted on a suitable supporting structure or stand 11.

Mounted longitudinally on the block 1 is a head 12 upon which is mounted, in turn, a. housing 13, said housing 13 being removable. The head 12 seals all fuel intake chambers 9. Substantially V-shaped brackets 14 rise from the head 12 for supporting the housing 13. Bearings 15 also rise from the head 12 and journaled therein is a cam shaft 16 which is operatively engaged with the intake and exhaust poppet valves 1'? which, when opened, project into the fuel chamber 9. The intake valves, of course, control the flow of fuel to the pairs of cylinders 2 from a suitable carburetor 18 through an intake manifold 19. The exhaust valves, of course, control the discharge of the spent fuel from the cylinders 2 to the exhaust manifold 20. The valves 1'7 are of conventional construction and are normally closed by the coil springs 21. An oil pipe 22 is supported in the brackets 14 above the cam shaft 16 and in parallelism with said cam shaft. The pipe 22 may be perforated as at 22' shown in Figure 4 of the drawings so as to discharge oil by gravity on to the cam shaft and the valves.

A gear casing 23 is mounted on one side of the block 1 and encloses a comparatively large gear 24 which is fixed on one end portion of the cam shaft 16 which extends into the gear casing. The crank shafts 5 also project into the gear casing 23 and have fixed thereon the gears 25. A pair of intermediate gears 26 operatively connects one of the gears 25 with the cam shaft gear 24, while a single gear 27 operatively connects the other gear 25 to said cam shaft gear 24. It will thus be seen that the crank shafts 5 will rotate in unison in opposite directions, as indicated by the arrows in Figure 1 of the drawings.

The reference numeral 28 designates oil tanks which are mounted on the lower side of the block 1 to be cooled by contact with the water jack of said block. Removable drain plugs 29 are provided in the oil tanks 28. Inclined pipes 30 connect the tanks 28 with the lower portions of the adjacent crank cases 4 for receiving the oil by gravity therefrom. Oil pipes 31 from suitable pumps (not shown) lubricate the crank shaft bearings 32. The-pumps, in turn, draw the oil from the tanks 28. The lubricating pipe 22 also receives its oil from the tanks 28 through the aforementioned pumps and the discharge end of said pipe 22 is so located as to discharge oil on to the gears 25, 26 and 27. Of course, any suitable type of pump or pumps may be' used. The arrangement of the oil pipes 30 with respect to the crank cases 4 is such that the cranks 5 will tend to sweep the oil in the crank cases away from the pipes 30. This constitutes an important and desirable feature of the invention. In operation, as the opposed pistons fi-move away from each other, the intake valves open and the fuel is drawn into, the combustion chambers. The gears connect the crank shafts 5 together for rotation in opposite directions. As the opposed pistons move toward each other, the fuel charge is compressed and is then ignited by the spark plugs 10 and the pistons again move away from each other on their power strokes. It will thus be seen that a four cycle internal combustion engine has been provided. On the exhaust strokes of the pistons 6, the exhaust valves open to permit the scape of the spent gases. As previously stated, the lubricating oil in the tanks 28 is cooled by the water jacket of the block 1.

It is believed that the many advantages of an internal combustion engine constructed in accordance with the present invention will be readily understood, and although the preferred embodiment of the invention is as illustrated and described, it is to be understood that changes in the details of construction and in the combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to which will fall within as claimed.

What is claimed is:-

An internal combustion engine comprising a block formed with pairs of alined horizontal cylinders arranged in substantial parallelism, a pair of pistons mounted in each of the pairs of cylinders and each piston of each pair adapted .to move toward and away from each other, said block having a fuel intake chamber common to each chamber opening through the upper face of the block, a head mounted on the upper face of the block adapted to seal all the chambers, intake and exhaust valves mounted on the head and communicating with said chambers, a cam shaft journaled above the head for operating said valves, a crank case at each end of the block in communication with all adjacent cylinders, a

, crank shaft journaled in each crank case and connected to all adjacent cylinders and rotating in opposite directions from each other, means on the side of the block for operatively connecting the cam shaft with the crank shaft, and aspark plug threaded in the block between the pistons, one for each pair of pistons, said block having a cooling jacket around said cylinders, a housing supported on the head enclosing valves and cam shaft, and a gear casing mounted on the side of the block enclosing said means, an oil reservoir on the bottom wall of the block, and a conductor connecting each gear casing with the reservoir.

NICHOLAS RAKOS.

the scope of the invention