US1105426A - Multicylinder internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

4 s. H. HART. MULTIGYLINDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 30,1910.

2 BHEETS----SHEET1.

IIVVENTOR smineg Hflorr WMWJZ ATTORNEYS Patented July 28, 1914.

WITNESSES S. H. HART.

MULTICYLINDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIUATIOH FILED DBO. 80, 1910.

Patented July 28, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I10 INVENTOR Sidney HHarr ATTORNEYS SIDNEY H. HART, 0F HOUSTON, TEXAS.

MULTICYLINDER INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 28, 1914.

Application filed December 30, 1910. Serial No. 600,114.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SIDNEY H. HART, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Houston, in the county of Harris and State of Texas, have invented a new and Improved Multicylinder Internal-Combustion Engine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Among the principal objects which the present invention has in view are: to construct a water jacket for engines of the character mentioned as a single or block casting irrespective of the number of cylinders; to form cylinders therefor separable therefrom; to permit the employment of preferred and distinct classes of metals for the cylinders and for the jacket, the selection of each being uncontro led by the needs of the other; to provide a packing for the joint between the cylinder and jacket arranged to prevent the dislodgment of the packing by the shock of explosion; and to provide a separable head for said jacket and cylinder adapted for securement upon said jacket to lock the cylinder therein.

One embodiment of the present invention is disclosed in the structure illustrated in the accompanyin drawings, in which like characters of refzrence denote correspondin parts in all the views, and in which-- igure 1 is a top plan view of a two-cylinder engine constructed and arranged in accordance with the present invention, one

of the heads being removed; Fig. 2 is a com bined view, partly in vertical side elevation and artly in section, taken on the line 2-2 in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the water jacket of an engine constructed and arranged in accordance with the present invention, and showing one of the cylinders in lace, and in dotted lines the arrangement of the head when placed on the said jacket: and Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on the line 4-4 in Fig. 3.

As shown in the accompanying drawings, the water jacket is preferably constructed as a single casting. With constructions of this character the purpose for which the construction is designed is amply supplied by a cheaper grade of castiron. bolting plate 10 supports a pedestal 11.

which, in the present instance, has an inner diameter sufficient to freely pass the lower extension of piston race 12 of the cylinder 13. As shown, the pedestal is constructed as a solid wall. It is obvious that this construction may be altered should it be desired by perforating or removing the wall of the pedestal from the race 12 to provide air circulation thcrethrough. The jacket frame thus constructed 1s preferably rectangular in form, and is provided with a top or cover 14:.

At desired positions on the jacket at the junction of the side walls and top of the jacket are formed bolting bosses 15, 15. The bolting bosses 1F, 15 are provided to form therein screw threaded sockets for the reception of anchor bolts 16, 1G. The heads 17, 17 are provided with bolt-holes to pass the said anchor bolts 1b, substantially as shown 111 the drawings. The heads shown are of the type where the valve chambers 18, 18 are extended from opposite sides of the longitudinal center of the multi-cyl indcr type of engine.

The cylinders 13 are preferably constructed from crucible steel. It will be understood that other suitable material may be substituted. The inner bore is oi an even dianicter throughout the length of the cylinder. The walls of the cylinder arc'prefcrably formed to an even wall. On the outer side thereof, however, are formed guide flanges 19, 19. The guide flanges 19, 19 are seated in bores 20, 20. The said flanges may be added to the cylinder but preferably are integral therewith. Adjacent the upper flange 19 is a packing flange 21. For the packing flange 91 a separate bore 22 is provided, the diameter of which exceeds the diameter of the bores 20, 20, as shown best in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The upper end 23 of the cylinder is extended beyond the flange 21 to fit within a bore 2 1 of the head 17 and 95 be impinged upon by the said head when disposed above the cylinder.

Intel-posed under the lower flange 19, at the bottom of the bore 20 provided therefor.

is a packing gasket 25, suitably formed of semi-rigid material and provided to form a water tight joint at this point in the structure. A similar gasket 26 is provided at the bottom of the bore 22 to cushion the flange 21. When the cylinders 13 are placed in the acket 9 the flanges 21 rest near the upper surface of the cover 14 of the said jacket. Prior to placing the heads 17 in position a gasket 27 is threaded over the end 23 of the cylinder. It is upon the said gasket 27 that the lower face of the head 17 rests. It will be observed at this point that each of the packings is pocketed between horizontal walls and vertical walls, thereby not alone closing the passage, but likewise preventing the blow-out of the packing by the explosion in the explosive chamber of the cylinder 13.

When the heads 17 are placed in position by being threaded over the bolts 16, the nuts 28 are adjusted to the said bolts, and the heads 17 are drawn'rigidly upon the jacket 9 and upon the cylinder 13, the top of the bore 24: impacting metal to metal on the end 23 of the cylinder 13. The bore 24 is so constructed that the top thereof rests on the top of the end 23 prior to the face of the head forming contact with the cover 14. In this manner it is provided that as the final turns are given to the nuts 28 the cylinders 13 are forced home, compressing the gaskets 25, 26 and 27.

\Vhen for any reason the cylinder 13 is removed, this is accomplished by simply lifting the heads 17 from their engagement with the bolts 16 and elevating from the jacket 9 the cylinders 13. It is obvious that in engines constructed and arranged as described, the removal and replacement of a cylinder becomes a very simple matter, and one in which the time employed is reduced to a minimum. This is a very desirable feature, not alone in the economy of labor, but because of the greater facility in employment imparted to engines of this type. It will also be observed that the cylinder, being structurally separable, the jacket may be constructed of lighter and more suitable material from that at present employed. It will further be observed that with the construction herein disclosed, wherein the jacket is formed as a single piece or in block, the matter of carrying stock comprising a variety of engines having a different number of cylinders is simplified, as the castings for the jacket constitute the cheaper part of the engine structure. It will further be observed that the bores formed in the jacket, facing, as shown, in one direction, are simple of construction, provided machined bores are required. It is possible to cast the elements herein defined as bores sulficiently neat to answer the purposes of certain class of trade.

In Figs. 2 and 3 are shown passages 29, 29 and 30, 30 for establishing water communication between the water cooling chambers of the heads 17 and the interior water chamber of the jacket 9. The passages 30 are formed in water tubes 31, 31. Any suitable construction may be employed. The head 17 is provided with a water cooling chamber 32, and forms the explosion chamber 33, the cylindrical wall whereof alines with the inner wall of the cylinder 13. The alinement of these walls is not in ordinary practice essential, for it would be remarked that one of the novel features of the present construction is that the cylinders 13, being constructed from different metal as compared with the jacket 9 and head 17, will expand and contract under various temperatures at a different rate and degree from the expansion of the said jacket and head. Where it is desired, the chamber 33 may be omitted, in which case the top wall ,34 of the head would bridge directly across the upper end 23 of the cylinder 13, and the inlet passages, such as 35, would then extend through the said wall 3 1 from above. I find it convenient, however, to construct the cylinder and head substantially as shown in the drawings.

While the construction herein shown and described is best adapted for multiple cylinder engines it will be understood that it may be adapted, with beneficial results, to the single cylinder type of engine.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:-

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a plurality of cylinders each cylinder having an annular flange the ends of said cylinders projecting beyond said flanges; a water jacket unit infolding said cylinders and provided with openings through which the ends of said cylinders are extended, the walls of said jacket adjacent said openings being rabbeted to receive the flanges on said cylinders; and a plurality of single heads for said cylinders, each having an explosion compartment and faced for mounting on said jacket, the faced end of each of said heads being rabbeted to rest over the flange and end of each of said cylinders to form a tortuous passage from said head to the exterior of each cylinder to hold a suitable packing.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a water jacket having oppositely disposed openings of different diameters the edges of said jacket surrounding said openings being rabbeted to form seats opening in the same direction; a plurality of open ended cylinders for disposition within said jacket, said cylinders having each two annular flanges, one of said flanges on each cylinder being adapted to pass through one of said openings to rest in the rabbet surrounding the other opening, and one of said flanges on each cylinder being rabbeted to form a joint with the rabbet surrounding the other opening, the joint formed by the said second mentioned flanges and the rabbeted edges supporting the same forming a double internal angle In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

SIDNEY H. HART.

Witnesses:

E. H. MURDOCK. PHILIP D. ROLLHAUs.

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