US1089102A - Machine for dyeing fibrous materials. - Google Patents

Description

APPLICATION FILED NOV. l2, 1907.

Patented Mar. 3, 1914.

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MACHINE FOR DYEING FIBROUS MATERIALS.

APPLICATION FILED Nov.12,19o7.

1,089, 1 O2, Patented Mar. 3, 1914.

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@wwwa/som f T. ALLSOP 5 W. W. SIBSON.

MACHINE FOR DYEING FIBROUS MATERIALS.

APPLICATION HLED 110mm, 1907.

Patented Mar. 3, 1914.

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T. ALLSOP '6; W. W. SIBSON. MACHINE FoP. DYBING FIBRoUs MATERIALS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 12, 1907.

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5 SKBETE-SHEET 1.

T. ALLSOP & W. W. SIBSON.

MACHINE FOR DYBING FxBRoUs MATERIALS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 12, 1907.

Patented MarL3,1914.

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'UNrrnn srarnsiarnnr OFFICE.

'Il'.I-IOMAS ALLSOP AND WALTER W. SIBSON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA,

ASSIGNORS TO THE PHILADELPHIA 'DRYING MACHINERY COMPANY, 0F PHILA- DELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR DYEING FIBROUS MATERIALS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 3, 1914.

Application filed November 12, 1907. Serial No. 401.888.

[o all whom it may concern Be it known that we, THOMAS ALLsor and lVaL'rnR lV. SisoN, citizens of the United able others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in i machines for dyeing fibrous materials, and

has special reference to machines of this; character for dyeing hosiery by the sulfur `nientary detail elevation illustrating the black process The present invention has in view the prodrain board guides. Fig. 3 1s a detail plan duction of a machine of the character stated embodying in its construction certain fea tures by which the action of the dye upon the hosiery being treated will be more uniform throughout the entire mass of the same than is commonly the case, thereby effecting a better distribution of the dye, and imparting to the resultant product a superior nish.

The invention also aims to provide a dye- .ing machine comprehending a self-contained circulatory system through the medium of which the dye liquor may be readily fed to the dye vat for action upon the goods therein, removed from the vat when the goods have been subjected to the action of the dye to the required extent, and stored for subsequent use upon other goods, and by which the dyed goods'may be also readily washed while in the dye vat, thereby dispensing with the necessity of removing the goods to other vats for this purpose, and eliminating the labor and inconvenience incident thereto, the machine being thus enabled to operate with economy in the use of the dye liquor and preventing undue consumption and waste of the latter.

Having these general objects in View, and others that will appear as the nature of the improvements is better understood, the invention consists substantially in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts as will be hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying.

drawings, and pointed out in the appende claims.

`While the form of the `inventimi made i the basis of this disclosure is believed to be a preferred embodiment thereof, it is to be understood that the same is not restricted to such embodiment, but being susceptible of various changes in the form, proportion and minor details of construction, the right is reserved to modify or vary the invention as falls within the spirit and scope thereof.

In the drawings. Figure l is a plan View of a dyeing machine constructed in accordance with and embodying the principles and features of the present invention. Fig.-v2 is an end elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional View of the dye vat.. Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the internal drum thereof. Fig. 5 is a fra-g manner of supporting and connecting the view of one of thel doors of the internal drum of the dye vat. Fig. 7 a side elevation of the belt shifting device employed for actuating the internal drum of the dye vat. Figs. 8 and S) are plan and end views, respectively, thereof. Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the means for supporting the driving shaft and the gearing for operating the internal drum of the dye vat. Fig. 1l is a diagrammatic view illustrating another form of the machine wherein the reservoir for the dye liquor is placed in a plane below the dye vat.

As premised, the present invention con templates the provision of a dyeing machine comprehending a self-contained circulatory system, with a View to operating the machine under the most economical conditions in the use and re-use of the dye liquor, and referring in detail to the drawings, the numeral l designates the dye vat of the machine. This vat comprises a drum circular in cross section, and formed of a lower section 2 and an upper section 3, each of said sections hav ing a flange 41 traversing its edges, which flanges are secured in engagement with each other through the medium of a series of fastening bolts 5. By imparting to the drum 1 this two-part construction, it is quite obvious that ready access may be had to the interior thereof for introducing therein and removing therefrom the construction to be hereinafter described.

Arranged at thebottom of the drum l is an opening 6, which opening serves the dual function'of an inlet and outlet for the dye liquor, and connected to said opening, through the medium of a coupling 7, is an inlet pipe 8 that leads to the rear of the drum, which pipe is of relatively large dimensions in order to permit free passage of the dye liquor to the drum. The pipe S is connected to the coupling 7 by means of a T-coupling 9, one end of which is reduced in diameter to accommodate a water inlet pipe 10 arranged parallel to the axis of the drum 2, to which pipe is -connected a quick-opening gate valve 11, and through the medium of said valve water is introduced to the drum for washing the goods after the same have been subjected to the action of the dye liquor. At the rear end of the pipe S is a T-coupling 12 from which leads a verticallydisposed pipe 13 that enters the bottom of a storage reservoir 14, and this reservoir receives and contains the dye liquor with which the vat is fed from time to time. he reservoir 14 is maintained at an elevated point, in order that the dye liquor therein may be fed by gravity into the vat, and arranged in the pipe 13 is a quick-opening gate valve 15 whereby communication is controlled between the dye vat and the resen voir.

Connected to the co-upling 12, and eX- tending at right angles to the pipe 8, is a branch pipe 16, which branch pipe is connected to a pump 17, preferably of the rotary type. This pump is provided with a pulley 1S by which the pump is driven from any suitable source of power, and intermediate the pump 1T and the coupling 12 is a quick-opening gate valve 19. Thus it will be seen that communication may be established between the pump 1T and the pipe 8, or cut off as the case may be, as will appear more fully hereinafter. A discharge pipe 2O leads from the pump 17, the same extending in a vertical direction, and having a horizontally-disposed elbow 21 that enters the top of the reservoir 14. By reason of this it is manifest that the discharge from the pump will be directed into the reservoir 14. A discharge pipe 22 is also arranged at the under side of the dye vat, said pipe being connected to the coupling 'T and having a quick-opening discharge valve 23. The function of this pipe is to lead off from the vat 1 any dye liquor that it is not desired to return to the reservoir 14, and also the water introduced to said vat for washing the dyed material therein. The vat 1 is also provided with a steam pipe 24., which pipe, at the interior of the vat, is perforated for discharging the steam therefrom into the dye liquor in the vat, and through the medium of this pipe such dye liquor may be brought to the boiling point when such is required. The dye vat 1 is further provided with suitable supports 25 for sustaining the saine in horizontal posit-ion, and elevating the vat sufficiently above the floor or base upon which it is placed to accommodate the various pipe connections at the under side thereof.

A hinged door 26 is connected to the upper section 3 of the dye vat to enable ready access being had to the interior thereof, this door being in the form of a segment of the upper section 3, and to maintain the door 26 in elevated position a plurality of angular supports 2T is arranged at the top of the section 3, against which the door 26 will rest when raised to such elevated position.

ll'ithin the drum 1 is arranged a rotary internal drum 2S. This drum is perforated at its sides and ends, as at 29, and being of smaller dimensions than the drum 1, a space is provided around the periphery of said internal drum for receiving the dye liquor, rhe latter.` however, by reason of the perfor-ations 29, readily enters the internal drum 2S, and thus is enabled to have free access to the goods to be dyed, which goods are placed within the internal drum. The drum 2S is provided with journals 30, said journals being arranged at-the ends of said drum, and these journals are received by vertically-extending slots 31 formed in the ends of the lower section 2 of the drum 1. Suitable journal boxes 32 are arranged in juxtaposition to said slots.y and located upon the extremity of each of said journals, at the exterior of the drum 1, is a gear wheel by which rotation is imparted to the drum 2S. Meshing with each of these gear wheels 33 is an idler gear 34e, said gears 3e being journaled in suitable bearings carried by the drum 1, and said idlers Si also mesh with pinions 85 carried by a longitudinally-extending shaft 36 that is arranged at the rear side of the drum 1 and suitably journaled thereat. Thus it will be seen that power applied at each end of the internal drum 2S, so that the operation thereof is uniform. and the power for such operation evenly distributed thereto. F or operating the shaft 3G a pulley 3T is tightly connected thereto, and arranged at either side of said pulley 3T are loose pulleys 38, a belt-shifting device 39 being associated with said pulleys. By means of this shifting device 39, to be presently described in detail, the shaft 3G is caused to rotate alternately in reverse directions, this operation of the shaft 36 causing the internal drum 2S to first rotate in one direction to a limited eX- tent. which movement is reversed, and this alternate rotation of the drum continuing during the time required for dyeing the material. within the drum.

Arranged Within the internal drum 28, and spaced from each other around the periphery thereof, is a series of breakers or lifters 40, said breakers or lifters being in the form of angle irons projected in a di! rect-ion longitudinally of the drum, the base flanges of these angle irons beingsuitably connected to the drum in order to maintain them at such spaced intervals. The function of these breakers or lifters is to engage the hosiery or other material being dyed in order to raise the same in the rotation of the drum 28 to a certain point in such rotation, thereby permitting the goods to be agitated, and effectually exposing all portions of the same to the action of the dye liquor, the goods falling back into the dye liquor when each of t-he breakers or lifters has arrived at a certain point. The drum 9,8 is also preferably divided into compartments through the medium of heads 4l. These heads el are also perforated, as at 42, to permit the dye liquor circulating therethrough, and are also preferably flanged, as at. 43, for convenient application and attachment to the interior of the drum 28. .By dividing the drum QS into compartments as described, it is obvious that the machine is adapted for simultaneously dyeing different classes of goods, the goods being effectually separated fromY each other, and interferring .in ne wise with each other during the dyeing operation. Where, however, it is not required to simultaneously dye diiferent classes of goods, or where the capacity of the machine does not justify a series of compartments, it is quite evident that the heads stl may be omitted. This is especially true of small machines, where it is only necessary fo-r a single compartment to be included in the internal drum.

To enable ready access being had to the maintain the doors in locked position uponv said drum. These doors are also perforated in a manner similar to the sides and ends of the drum 28 for the circulation of the dye liquor.

It has also been indicated as one of the objects of the present invention to provide a dyeing machine having certain features of construction by which the dyed goods may be removed therefrom with facility and ease, to the end that no undue strain upon the operatives during such removal may be exert ed. For this purpose each of the compartments is provided at each of its ends With a pair of transversely-extending guides 46, said guides being in the form of angle irons reversely arranged to each other and having their base flanges connected to the ends and heads of the drum 28. The guides of each pair are spaced from each other, as clearly shown in Fig. 5, the flanges t3 of the ends and heads being cut avvay, as also clearly seen in Fig. 5, to provide a notch i7 in each of said ends and heads, which notches are coincident with the spaces between the guides a6. The guides 46 are designed to receive removable drain boards d8, when the internal drum is provided with a series of compartments, but when the drum is not so divided it is manifest that only a single board will be employed. iVhen placed in the guides i6 the drain boards 48 extend entirely across the diameter of the drum 2S, and thus subdivide the compartments thereof each into two smaller compartments.'

When the. drain boards are so positioned, the goods being at the bottom of the internal drum, a half rotation of the drum Will bring the goods to the upper sides of the drain boards, which being perforated, as at 419, the dye liquor will pass therefrom back to the bottom of the vat, and the goods will thus be relieved of the surplus dye. The drum 28 also has a series of supplemental hinged doors 50, which doors are arranged upon the drum at points diametrically opposite to the doors a4, and the supplemental doors 50 are also reversely hinged with respect to the manner of hinging the doors sist. The purpose of these supplemental doors 50, in conjunction vvith the doors 4st, is to facilitate the intrmluction of the drain boards to the drum QS, and the removal of the dyed goods from said drum. Obviously, therefore, when either of the doors 4.4L or 50 are opposite the portion of the vat l covered by the door 2G thereof, said doors will permit the intrmluction of the drain board, as previously described, whereupon, these doors having been closed upon the internal drum and the latter having been given one-half of a rotation, the doors at the opposite side of the internal drum will be presented to the open side of the vat, and will thereby permit the goods that have been brought to the upper side of the drain boards to be readily removed from the drum. In this position thedrain boards are substantially horizontal, and the operatives are only required to reach into the internal drum for removing the dyed goods therefrom. In this they are not subjected to the undue strain of stooping in order to bring up the dyed goods from the bottom of the vat, as is commonly the case, this feature being a decided advantage in the use of the present machine.

In order to lock the internal drum 2S against rotation an outwardly project-ing stud 51 is arranged at one end of the upper section 2 of the drum l, and slidably mounted upon said stud is a sleeve 52 having a tooth 53 depending from its under side to enter the spaces between the teeth of the gear 33 that is j ournaled at such end of the drum, a depending pin 54 being carried by the stud 5l to limit the outward movement of the sleeve 52 thereon. This sleeve 59. is also provided with a handle 55 by which the sleeve may be readily moved upon the stud 5l. vWhen the sleeve 52 is so engaged with the wheel the latter is prevented rotating in either' direction, and hence the drum 28 is held in a fixed position.

Referring now to F 7 S and 9, it will be observed that the belt-shifting device includesa iioor stand 56 the upper end of which is provided with a bearing 57 that receives one end of the shaft 36. Formed adjacent to said bearing is a flattened head 58 having openings 59 designed to receive fastening bolts 60, and mounted upon the shaft 36 adjacent to the head 5S is a bracket 6l that has a flattened face 62 which bears against the head 5S. Through the medium of the bolt or bolts 60 the bracket 6l is held in fixed relation to the head 53. A sleeve 63 included as a part of the bracket 6l receives the shaft 36, and thus the bracket 6l is capable of a swinging movement upon said shaft. The purpose of this will presently appear. Arranged at the lower end of the bracket 6l is a depending curved arm 64; to which a lever 65 is pivotally connected by means of a stud 66, and said lever 65 has at a point intermediate its ends an elongated slot 67 wherein a roller 68 carried by a stud 69 is adapted to move. The stud 69 is, in turn, carried by a worm wheel 70, said wheel being rotatably mounted upon a stud 7l connected to the bracket 6l, the wheel 70 meshing with a worm 7 2 that is carried by the shaft 36. It will thus be seen that through the worm 72 the worm wheel 70 rotates in unison with the shaft 36, and by reason of the pivotal connection of the lever 65 with the bracket 6l, and the stud and slot connection with the worm wheel 70, said lever is capable of a reciprocatory movement. upon the bracket 6l. Arranged at the upper end of the bracket 6l is a guide 73 in which is slidably mounted a shifting rod 74, said rod 7-l being held in the guide 73 through the medium of clamping blocks 75. A latch 76 is pivotally mounted between parallel ears 77 carried by the rod 74, and said latch is received by the upper bifurcated end 78 of the lever 65. Thus it will be seen that a detachable connection is adorded between the shifting rod 74 and the lever 65, and when the latch 76 is in the position illustrated in the drawings the rod 74 will receive reciprocatorjv movement in the guide 73 under the impulse of the lever 65. lVhen, however,

the latch is disengaged from said lever the latter will continue to operate, but the shifting rod 74: will remain stationary. It will be observed that the sides of the guides 73, in the Zone of movement of the lever 65, are convex, and one of said sides is provided with a notch 79 into which the latch 7 6 may be entered should it be desired to lock the shifting rod 74 against movement. The shifting rod 7 et projects over the pulleys 37 'and 3S, and connected to said projecting rod is a sleeve S0 that is adjustably mounted upon the rod 74. To the sleeve S0 is connected a supporting rod 3l, which rod is also adjustably in relation to the sleeve 80. At each end of the rod Sl is a belt guide S2, said guides being adjustably connected upon the rod S1, but said guides extend in opposite directions to each other. These guides are designed to each receive a separate belt from a suitable source of power, said belts operating in reverse directions, so that when shifted to the tight pulley 37 the direction of movement thereof will be alternately reversed. The shifting of the belts in relation to the respective pulleys is effected through the -medium of the worm wheel 70, the worin 72, and the lever 65 operated thereby, so that it is obvious that as the lever 65 moves to and fro the belts carried by the respective guides S2 will be alternately shifted from the loose to the tight pulleys, and impart to the internal drum 23 of the vat rotation in opposite directions. Through the medium of the flattened head 5S, and the ability of the bracket 6l to be swung upon the shaft 36, it will be seen that the upper end of said bracket may be moved to either side of the shaft 36, thereby positioning the belt guides 82 in different positions with respect to the periphery of the pulleys, and when so positioned the bolt or bolts 60 will hold the brackets 6l therein. This provides for the adaptation in position of the guides 32 to different angles of position occupied by the belts that furnish power to the machine.

In F ig. l0 is disclosed more in detail the construction employed for supporting the driving shaft 36 and the idler gears 3a, and referring particularly to that figure it will be noted that each journal box 32 has formed integrally therewith an attaching plate S3 havingarearwardly-extending arm 84C at the free end of which is formed a plurality of outwardly-extending perforated ears S5, and said plate S3, with its projecting arm 34:, is secured to the end of the drum l through the medium of rivets 36, or their equivalent. This, therefore, provides a firm fastening for the plate 33, and holds the journal box 3Q in position to effectually support the journal 30 therein. The box 32 is provided with a gland 87, so that each of the journal boxes 32 performs the function of a stuffing box, thus preventing passage of the dye liquor from the drum l at the journals A supporting plate S8 having adjacent its ends a plurality of elongated slots 89 is arranged in alineinent with the .arm Se, the forward end of said plate vcoincidence with the door 2G.

having outwardly -projecting perforated ears 90 that lie coincident with the ears 85, and fitted in said ears 85 and 90 are bolts 91. The slots 89 also receive bolts 92, and through the medium of the latter and the slots 89 it is apparent that the supporting plate 88 is adjustable upon the drum 1 toward and away from the arm 84, the degree of such adjustment being Aeffected by the bolts 91. The plate 88 carries a bearing 93 in which the journal of the idler gear 34 is received, and at the extremity of the plate 88 is a bearing 94, which bearing receives the driving shaft 86. By mounting the plate 88 in adjustable relation to the arm 84, it is apparent that dierent sizes of idler gears may be employed between the gear 33 and the pinion 35, thus enabling different speeds to be imparted to the internal drum. Through the medium of collars 95 carried by the driving shaft 96, and positioned thereon between the bearings 94 and the pinions 35, thrust of the driving shaft 36, in the direction of its length, is prevented.

In the operation of the hereindescribed dyeing machine the tank 14 is usually provided with a supply of the dye liquor. To introduce the latter to the vat the valve 19 is closed, and the valve 15 opened, it being understood that the valve 23 of the discharge pipe 22 is likewise closed. The dye liquor thereupon enters the vat to the neoessary extent, and the valve 15 being closed, the goods to be dyed having been introduced to t-he internal drum, the machine is set in operation. In the rotation of the drum 28 the goods are thoroughly agitated and subjected to the action of the dye, and when a sufficient period has transpired to impregnate the goods with the dye to the required extent, the valve 19 is opened. The pump 1.7 having been set in operation, the dye liquor is withdrawn from the vat, and forced back to the reservoir 14, if it be de sired to save that particular part of the dye liquor to the action of which the goods were being` subjected. The valve 19 being now closed, water is introduced through the pipe l0, and the goods are thereby washed, and this water may be readily withdrawn from the vat by opening the valve 23. To remove the goods from the machine, the drum 28 is rotated sufficiently to bring either the doors 44 or 50 to a point opposite the door 26 of the drum 1. lVhen so positioned the drain boards 48 are introduced to the respective compartments, or to the interior of the drum 28 if the latter is not divided into compartment-s, whereupon the drum 28 is rotated partially, as also previously described, to bring the other doors thereof into This movement places the dyed goods at the upper side of the drain boards, and permits them to be readily removed from the vat without any unnecessary strain on the part of the operatives, and also freed entirely of the surplus water, or dye should the goods not be subjected to the washing action of the water. Undyed goods being now introduced to the drum 28, a like operation is repeated, and this continued indefinitely. As previously stated, the belt-shifting device 39 operates automatically to impart to the drum 28 movement in reverse directions alternately, and during such movement the breakers or lifters 40 raise the goods and permit them to fall back into the dye liquor in order to present from time to time new surfaces of the goods to the action of such liquor.

It will be understood that the drain boards are not placed within the drum 28 until it is desired to remove the goods, and in lieu of providing the drum 28 with two sets of diametrically-opposite doors, said drum may be provided with a door or doors only at one side, and at the diametricallyopposite side of the drum a slot may be provided of sufficient dimensions only to permit the introduction of the drain boards to the guides therefor. Under these conditions it is manifest that the same function will be performed by the drain boards.

n Fig. 11 is disclosed diagrammatically another' form of the invention wherein the reservoir for the dye liquor is arranged in a plane below the plane of the vat, and referring to that figure the numeral 9G designates the vat which is, in all essentials, similar to the specific construction described in connection with the other form of the machine. To the lower end of the vat 96 is connected a coupling` 97 from which leads a pipe 98 having a quick-opening gate valve 99 arranged therein, said pipe 98 entering the top of a. reservoir 100 for receiving the dye liquor. To the lower end of the reservoir 100 is connected a pipe 101, which pipe, in turn, connects with the inlet side of a. pump 102 the discharge of which is connected to a pipe 108 that extends upwardly and connects with a pipe 98 at a point between the coupling 97 and the valve 99. Leading from the coupling 97 is a discharge pipe 104 having a quick-opening gate valve 105, in a manner similar to the discharge pipe in the other form of the machine, and connected to the vat 9G, preferably at the upper side thereof, is a water supply pipe 106 for introducing to the vat 96 the necessary water for .washing the material after treatment by the dye liquor.

In the form of machine illust-rated in Fig. 11 it is obvious that with the valves 99 and 105 closed, and the pump 102 in operation, the dye liquor will be taken from the tank 100, forced upwardly through the pipe 103 into the pipe 98, and introduced to the vat 96, where the material becomes impregnated therewith, and if it is desired to save this dye, the valve 99 is opened, and the dye liquor will ret-urn by gravity through the pipe 98 to the reservoir 100. Tater is then introduced through the pipe 106 to the vat 96 for washing the dyed material, after which this water is led off through the pipe 104i when the valve 105 thereof has been opened. It will thus be seen that the operation of the machine illustrated in Fig. l1 is in all respects similar to the other form oi' the machine, and differs only from the same in feeding the dye liquor from the reservoir to the vat by the pump, in lieu of permitting the dye liquor to flow from the reservoir to the vat by gravity, the dye liquor returning from the reservoir to the vat by gravity in contradistinction to being forced bach to the same through the medium of the pump, as is the case with the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. l to 4L.

In the use of either form of the machine the pump is placed at a point below the level of the dye liquor in either the vat or the reservoir in order thatrthe pump may be readily primed by the dye liquor.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is:

l. In a dyeing machine, a vat, a reservoir for the dye liquor, a pipe connecting said vat and the reservoir and through which the dye liquor is introduced to and removed from the vat, a valve arranged in said pipe, a pump connected to said pipe at a point between said valve and the vat, a valve interposed between the pump and said pipe, a second pipe connected to the discharge of said pump and the reservoir for conveying the dye liquorl from the pump to the resero voir, a water pipe connected to the rst mentioned pipe for introducing wash Water to the vat, a valve in said water pipe for controlling connnunication therethrough, and a valved discharge pipe leading from the vat.

2. In a dyeing machine, a closed vat comprising a two-section outer drum, the upper section of which is provided with a hinged door, and an inner drum rotatably mounted therein, a reservoir for the dye liquor, a pipe connecting said vat and the reservoir and through which the dye liquor is introduced to and removed from the vat, a valve arranged in said pipe, a pump connected to said pipe at a pointbetween said valve and the vat, a valve interposed between the pump and said pipe, a second pipe connected to the discharge ot said pump and the reservoir for conveying the dye liquor from the pump to the reservoir, a valved water pipe connected to the first mentioned pipe for introducing wash water to the interior of the Vat, and a valved discharge pipe leading from the vat.

In testimony whereof we aiiiX our signatures, in the presence of two witnesses.

THOMAS ALLSOP, VALTER IV. SIBSON.

lVitnesses Y L. R. GARRETSON RALPH INI. ERwIN.

Copie: of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing' the Commissioner of Patenti.

Washington, D. C.

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